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    "name": "[v9,00/11] Extend BB SLP vectorization to use predicated tails",
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        "From": "Christopher Bazley <chris.bazley@arm.com>",
        "To": "<gcc-patches@gcc.gnu.org>",
        "CC": "<rguenther@suse.de>, <Tamar.Christina@arm.com>,\n <rdsandiford@googlemail.com>, Christopher Bazley <chris.bazley@arm.com>",
        "Subject": "[PATCH v9 00/11] Extend BB SLP vectorization to use predicated tails",
        "Date": "Tue, 10 Feb 2026 11:30:53 +0000",
        "Message-ID": "<20260210113104.60335-1-chris.bazley@arm.com>",
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    "content": "GCC already supports fully-predicated vectorisation for loops, both\nusing \"traditional\" loop vectorisation and loop-aware SLP\n(superword-level parallelism). For example, GCC can vectorise:\n\nvoid\nfoo (char *x)\n{\n  for (int i = 0; i < 6; i += 2)\n    {\n      x[i] += 1;\n      x[i + 1] += 2;\n    }\n}\n\nfrom which it generates the following assembly code (with -O2\n-ftree-vectorize -march=armv9-a+sve -msve-vector-bits=scalable):\n\nfoo:\n    ptrue   p7.b, vl6\n    mov     w1, 513\n    ld1b    z31.b, p7/z, [x0]\n    mov     z30.h, w1\n    add     z30.b, z31.b, z30.b\n    st1b    z30.b, p7, [x0]\n    ret\n\nHowever, GCC cannot yet vectorise the unrolled form of the same\nfunction, even though it is semantically equivalent:\n\nvoid\nfoo (char *x)\n{\n  x[0] += 1;\n  x[1] += 2;\n  x[2] += 1;\n  x[3] += 2;\n  x[4] += 1;\n  x[5] += 2;\n}\n\nThese patches implement support for vectorising the unrolled form of\nthe above function by enabling use of a predicate mask or length\nlimit for basic block SLP. For example, it can now be vectorised to\nthe following assembly code (using the same options as above):\n\nfoo:\n    ptrue   p7.b, vl6\n    ptrue   p6.b, all\n    ld1b    z31.b, p7/z, [x0]\n    adrp    x1, .LC0\n    add     x1, x1, :lo12:.LC0\n    ld1rqb  z30.b, p6/z, [x1]\n    add     z30.b, z31.b, z30.b\n    st1b    z30.b, p7, [x0]\n    ret\n\nThe initial vector mode for an SLP region is \"autodetected\" by calling\naarch64_preferred_simd_mode, which prefers SVE modes if supported and\nunless configured otherwise (e.g. VNx4SI for int). If at least one\nprofitable subgraph can be scheduled then GCC does not try to vectorise\nthe region using any other modes, even though their estimated costs\nmight otherwise have been lower.\n\nThat is mitigated by the fact that a sequence of GIMPLE stmts such as:\n\n  vectp.14_86 = x_50(D) + 16;\n  slp_mask_87 = .WHILE_ULT (0, 8, { 0, ... });\n  .MASK_STORE (vectp.14_86, 8B, slp_mask_87, vect__34.12_85);\n\nare lowered to a fixed-length vector store (e.g., str d30, [x0, 16]) if\npossible, instead of a more literal interpretation such as:\n\n    add     x0, x0, 16\n    ptrue   p7.b, vl7\n    st1b    z30.b, p7, [x0]\n\nBootstrapped and tested on aarch64-linux-gnu.\nBased on commit a28bb06b3e20a26579e06dc1b5bd6344ce4f88f0.\n\nChanges in v2:\n - Updated regexes used by the vect-over-widen-*.c tests so that they\n   do not accidentally match text that is now part of the dump but\n   was not previously.\n - Updated regexes used by the aarch64/popcnt-sve.c test so that it\n   expects 'all' as the operand of 'ptrue', instead of some specific\n   number of active elements.\n - Removed a dump_printf from vect_get_num_copies because the\n   gcc.dg/vect/vect-shift-5.c test relies on a fixed dump layout\n   spanning multiple lines.\n - Fixed a bug in vect_get_vector_types_for_stmt, which had\n   accidentally been modified to unconditionally set group_size to\n   zero (even for basic block vectorization).\n - Relaxed an overzealous new check in\n   vect_maybe_update_slp_op_vectype, which now considers the\n   vectorization factor when checking the number of lanes of external\n   definitions during loop vectorization. e.g., lanes=11 is not\n   divisible by subparts=8 with vf=1 but vf*lanes=88 is divisible by\n   subparts=8 with vf=11.\n - Removed the stmts vector ownership changes relating to mishandling\n   of failure of the vect_analyze_slp_instance function (to be fixed\n   separately).\n - A check in get_vectype_for_scalar_type for whether the natural\n   choice of vector type satisfies the group size was too simplistic.\n   Instead of choosing a narrower vector type if the natural vector\n   type could be long enough but not definitely (variable length, by\n   proxy), get_len_load_store_mode is now used to explicitly query\n   whether the target supports mask- or length-limited loads and\n   stores. With the previous version, GCC preferred the natural vector\n   type if it was known to be long enough; sometimes that resulted in\n   better output than a narrower type, but it also caused some\n   bb-slp-* tests to fail.\n - Shuffled dump_printfs around into separate patches.\n - An assertion is now used to protect my change to use lower bound\n   of number of subparts in gimple_build_vector.\n\nChanges in v3:\n - Wrote changelog entries.\n - Created the gimple_build_vector_with_zero_padding function and\n   used it place of the gimple_build_vector function.\n - Reverted my change to use constant_lower_bound of subparts in the\n   gimple_build_vector function.\n - Fixed a check for 'partial vectors required' in vect_analyze_stmt\n   to include cases in which the minimum bound of the length of a\n   variable-length vector type equals the number of active lanes in an\n   SLP tree node. (Maybe less than, instead of known to be less than.)\n - Reverted my change to regexes used by the aarch64/popcnt-sve.c test\n   because it is not needed after the above fix.\n - Replaced SLP_TREE_CAN_USE_MASK_P and SLP_TREE_CAN_USE_LEN_P with\n   SLP_TREE_PARTIAL_VECTORS_STYLE.\n - Titivated the documentation of vect_record_nunits.\n - Renamed local variable max_nunits to nunits in the\n   vect_analyze_slp_reduc_chain function.\n - Added an assertion in vect_create_constant_vectors to verify a\n   claimed relationship between group size and number of subparts.\n - Fixed a mistake in the description of vect_slp_get_bb_len.\n - Clarified the descriptions of vect_record_mask and vect_record_len\n   (from 'would be required' to 'could be used ... if required').\n - Renamed the vect_can_use_mask_p function as vect_fully_masked_p\n   and vect_can_use_len_p as vect_fully_with_length_p.\n - Tightened assertions in vect_record_mask and vect_record_len:\n   instead of just 'the other function must not have been called', we\n   now assert that no partial vectors style has already been set.\n - Updated the documentation of check_load_store_for_partial_vectors\n   to describe its role in BB SLP vectorization.\n - Renamed masked_loop_p and len_loop_p as masked_p and len_p in\n   contexts where they may now be used for BB SLP vectorization.\n - Guard against a potential null pointer dereference in\n   LOOP_VINFO_PARTIAL_LOAD_STORE_BIAS when used by the\n   vectorizable_operation and vectorizable_call functions for BB SLP\n   vectorization (instead of assuming !vect_fully_with_length_p).\n - Guard against calling dump_printf_loc with null instead of\n   a vector type in vectorizable_comparison_1.\n - Clear any partial vectors style that might have been set by callees\n   of vect_analyze_stmt if it finds that partial vectors aren't needed.\n - Revert a change to make the vect_is_simple_use function more robust\n   when the requested SLP tree child node is not an internal def and\n   has no scalar operand to return.\n - Revert a change to reserve slots for the definitions to be pushed\n   for narrow FLOAT_EXPR vectorization before using quick_push in the\n   vectorizable_conversion function.\n\nChanges in v4:\n - Resolved code generation regressions in\n   gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_6.c and\n   gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_7_costly.c by adding code to\n   handle variable-length vector types in store_constructor.\n   (Still had to update expectations for slp_6.c though.)\n - Removed a default constructor from the definition of\n   struct slp_tree_nunits in order to fix a compilation error in\n   the vect_update_nunits function.\n - Renamed the gimple_build_vector_with_zero_padding function as\n   gimple_build_vector_from_elems.\n - Changed gimple_build_vector_from_elems to take a vector type\n   and list of element values instead of a tree_vector_builder.\n - Rewrote the description of gimple_build_vector_from_elems.\n - Removed redundant masking from gimple_build_vector_from_elems. It's\n   now almost equivalent to gimple_build_vector in use cases where\n   some element value is not constant.\n - Assert that the constant lower bound of the number of subparts\n   in a vector type is a power of 2 instead of merely a multiple of 2\n   in vect_build_slp_tree_1.\n\nChanges in v5:\n - Removed the patch to track the minimum and maximum number of lanes\n   for BB SLP.\n - Added a new function, vect_slp_tree_min_nunits, which is invoked by\n   vect_analyze_slp_instance to compute the minimum number of subparts\n   for all of the vector types used in an SLP tree for which an SLP\n   instance is about to be created.\n\nChanges in v6:\n - Moved the BB SLP implementations of vect_record_mask and\n   vect_record_len into tree-vect-slp.cc.\n - Relaxed (failing) assertions: the style of an SLP node is not always\n   vect_partial_vectors_none on entry to vect_record_mask and\n   vect_record_len. Allow the same style to be set multiple times.\n - Updated an existing pattern named 'Simplify vector extracts' to\n   guard against invalid invocations of tree_to_uhwi when a\n   BIT_FIELD_REF has an unsuitable polynomial offset or size.\n - Rebased on 43afcb3a83c3648141285d80cd3d8a562047fb43.\n\nChanges in v7:\n - Fixed the vectorizable_live_operation function so that it no\n   longer generates invalid offsets such as BIT_FIELD_REF\n   <_251, 32, POLY_INT_CST [96, 128]> for BB SLP with a\n   variable-length vector type.\n - Revert changes to the existing pattern named 'Simplify vector\n   extracts' because those changes to make the pattern more robust\n   are now redundant.\n - Rebased on 630c1bfbb5bc3ba9fafca5e97096263ab8f0a04b.\n\nChanges in v8:\n - Fixed a regression in vectorizable_simd_clone_call that was\n   caused by an error when rebasing. (Silent conflict with\n   commit cea34ac07e3bd7.)\n\nChanges in v9:\n - Optimised vec_init for partial SVE vector modes and added a\n   test to guard against any return to the pathological stack usage\n   previously observed.\n - Removed -march=armv9-a+sve from the dg-options of new tests\n   because it was redundant.\n - More arguments are now passed through to vect_slp_record_bb_mask\n   and vect_slp_record_bb_len (from vect_slp_record_mask or\n   vect_slp_record_len) in anticipation of a future implementation\n   that shares masks, at least within an SLP sub-tree.\n - A new per-SLP-node variable, SLP_TREE_NUM_PARTIAL_VECTORS, is\n   now used to calculate a worst-case estimate of the cost of\n   creating masks or lengths for partial vector tails. This aligns\n   BB SLP with existing costing of vectorised loops.\n - Replaced early returns from vect_slp_get_bb_mask and\n   vect_slp_get_bb_len (when more than one vector, the requested vector\n   is not the last, or not partial) with code to construct an\n   appropriate mask or length. The value of NULL_TREE previously\n   returned in such edge is not a valid mask, so this change makes the\n   code more robust. vect_slp_record_bb_mask has been seen to be called\n   with nvectors=2 when running the asrdiv_2 test (msve-vector-bits=128,\n   group_size=8, nunits=4). The vector type was 128 bit: vector(4) int.\n - Added a defensive check for BB SLP as part of the refactoring of\n   check_load_store_for_partial_vectors that is done by the first patch,\n   although we don't expect that function to be called for BB SLP until\n   vect_can_use_partial_vectors_p has been updated to sometimes return\n   true for BB SLP (which is done by the 'Extend BB SLP vectorization\n   to use predicated tails' patch).\n - Rebased on commit a28bb06b3e20a26579e06dc1b5bd6344ce4f88f0.\n\nLink to v1:\nhttps://inbox.sourceware.org/gcc-patches/20251028102242.3951273-1-chris.bazley@arm.com/\n\nLink to v2:\nhttps://inbox.sourceware.org/gcc-patches/20251110131328.15262-1-chris.bazley@arm.com/\n\nLink to v3:\nhttps://inbox.sourceware.org/gcc-patches/20251124185104.751328-1-chris.bazley@arm.com/\n\nLink to v4:\nhttps://inbox.sourceware.org/gcc-patches/20251128224555.5095-1-chris.bazley@arm.com/\n\nLink to v5:\nhttps://inbox.sourceware.org/gcc-patches/20251202181237.2463894-1-chris.bazley@arm.com/\n\nLink to v6:\nhttps://inbox.sourceware.org/gcc-patches/20251206165518.5449-1-chris.bazley@arm.com/\n\nLink to v7:\nhttps://inbox.sourceware.org/gcc-patches/20251218211109.3562-1-chris.bazley@arm.com/\n\nLink to v8:\nhttps://inbox.sourceware.org/gcc-patches/20251219150849.1681009-1-chris.bazley@arm.com/\n\nChristopher Bazley (11):\n  Preparation to support predicated vector tails for BB SLP\n  Implement recording/getting of mask/length for BB SLP\n  Update constant creation for BB SLP with predicated tails\n  Refactor check_load_store_for_partial_vectors\n  New parameter for vect_maybe_update_slp_op_vectype\n  Handle variable-length vector types in store_constructor\n  AArch64/SVE: Relax the expectations of the popcnt-sve test\n  AArch64/SVE: Optimize vec_init for partial SVE vector modes\n  Extend BB SLP vectorization to use predicated tails\n  AArch64/SVE: Tests for use of predicated vector tails for BB SLP\n  Add extra conditional dump output to the vectorizer\n\n gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64-sve.md             |  16 +-\n gcc/expr.cc                                   |   7 +-\n gcc/gimple-fold.cc                            |  54 ++\n gcc/gimple-fold.h                             |  14 +\n .../gcc.dg/vect/vect-over-widen-10.c          |   2 +-\n .../gcc.dg/vect/vect-over-widen-13.c          |   2 +-\n .../gcc.dg/vect/vect-over-widen-14.c          |   2 +-\n .../gcc.dg/vect/vect-over-widen-17.c          |   2 +-\n .../gcc.dg/vect/vect-over-widen-18.c          |   2 +-\n gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/vect/vect-over-widen-5.c |   2 +-\n gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/vect/vect-over-widen-6.c |   2 +-\n gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/vect/vect-over-widen-7.c |   2 +-\n gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/vect/vect-over-widen-8.c |   2 +-\n gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/vect/vect-over-widen-9.c |   2 +-\n gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/popcnt-sve.c |  10 +-\n gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_6.c  |   3 -\n .../gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_1.c       |  33 +\n .../gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_1_run.c   |   6 +\n .../gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_2.c       |  33 +\n .../gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_3.c       |  33 +\n .../gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_3_run.c   |   6 +\n .../gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_4.c       |  33 +\n .../gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_5.c       |  36 +\n .../gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_6.c       |  39 +\n .../gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_6_run.c   |   6 +\n .../gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_7.c       |  38 +\n .../gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_harness.h |  28 +\n .../gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_stack.c        |  27 +\n gcc/tree-vect-loop.cc                         |  44 +-\n gcc/tree-vect-slp.cc                          | 372 +++++++-\n gcc/tree-vect-stmts.cc                        | 804 +++++++++++-------\n gcc/tree-vectorizer.h                         | 116 ++-\n 32 files changed, 1397 insertions(+), 381 deletions(-)\n create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_1.c\n create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_1_run.c\n create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_2.c\n create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_3.c\n create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_3_run.c\n create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_4.c\n create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_5.c\n create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_6.c\n create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_6_run.c\n create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_7.c\n create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_pred_harness.h\n create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/gcc.target/aarch64/sve/slp_stack.c"
}