diff mbox

[3/3,v2] powerpc: make the CMM memory hotplug aware

Message ID 20091118185907.GA30950@austin.ibm.com (mailing list archive)
State Superseded
Headers show

Commit Message

Robert Jennings Nov. 18, 2009, 6:59 p.m. UTC
The Collaborative Memory Manager (CMM) module allocates individual pages
over time that are not migratable.  On a long running system this can
severely impact the ability to find enough pages to support a hotplug
memory remove operation.

This patch adds a memory isolation notifier and a memory hotplug notifier.
The memory isolation notifier will return the number of pages found
in the range specified.  This is used to determine if all of the used
pages in a pageblock are owned by the balloon (or other entities in
the notifier chain).  The hotplug notifier will free pages in the range
which is to be removed.  The priority of this hotplug notifier is low
so that it will be called near last, this helps avoids removing loaned
pages in operations that fail due to other handlers.

CMM activity will be halted when hotplug remove operations are active
and resume activity after a delay period to allow the hypervisor time
to adjust.

Signed-off-by: Robert Jennings <rcj@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Brian King <brking@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Gerald Schaefer <geralds@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

---
The pages used to track loaned pages should not be marked as MOVABLE, so
they need to be handled during a memory offline event.

Changes:
 * The structures for recording loaned pages are not allocated as MOVABLE
 * The structures for recording loaned pages are removed from sections
   being taken offline by moving their contents to a newly allocated page.

 arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/cmm.c |  254 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 248 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

Comments

Andrew Morton Nov. 20, 2009, 12:14 a.m. UTC | #1
On Wed, 18 Nov 2009 12:59:08 -0600
Robert Jennings <rcj@linux.vnet.ibm.com> wrote:

> The Collaborative Memory Manager (CMM) module allocates individual pages
> over time that are not migratable.  On a long running system this can
> severely impact the ability to find enough pages to support a hotplug
> memory remove operation.
> 
> This patch adds a memory isolation notifier and a memory hotplug notifier.
> The memory isolation notifier will return the number of pages found
> in the range specified.  This is used to determine if all of the used
> pages in a pageblock are owned by the balloon (or other entities in
> the notifier chain).  The hotplug notifier will free pages in the range
> which is to be removed.  The priority of this hotplug notifier is low
> so that it will be called near last, this helps avoids removing loaned
> pages in operations that fail due to other handlers.
> 
> CMM activity will be halted when hotplug remove operations are active
> and resume activity after a delay period to allow the hypervisor time
> to adjust.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Robert Jennings <rcj@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
> Cc: Brian King <brking@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
> Cc: Gerald Schaefer <geralds@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
> 
> ---
> The pages used to track loaned pages should not be marked as MOVABLE, so
> they need to be handled during a memory offline event.
> 
> Changes:
>  * The structures for recording loaned pages are not allocated as MOVABLE
>  * The structures for recording loaned pages are removed from sections
>    being taken offline by moving their contents to a newly allocated page.
> 
>  arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/cmm.c |  254 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
>  1 file changed, 248 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

Incremental patch is:

: --- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/cmm.c~powerpc-make-the-cmm-memory-hotplug-aware-update
: +++ a/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/cmm.c
: @@ -148,8 +148,7 @@ static long cmm_alloc_pages(long nr)
:  			spin_unlock(&cmm_lock);
:  			npa = (struct cmm_page_array *)__get_free_page(
:  					GFP_NOIO | __GFP_NOWARN |
: -					__GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOMEMALLOC |
: -					__GFP_MOVABLE);
: +					__GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOMEMALLOC);
:  			if (!npa) {
:  				pr_info("%s: Can not allocate new page list\n", __func__);
:  				free_page(addr);
: @@ -480,6 +479,8 @@ static unsigned long cmm_count_pages(voi
:  	spin_lock(&cmm_lock);
:  	pa = cmm_page_list;
:  	while (pa) {
: +		if ((unsigned long)pa >= start && (unsigned long)pa < end)
: +			marg->pages_found++;
:  		for (idx = 0; idx < pa->index; idx++)
:  			if (pa->page[idx] >= start && pa->page[idx] < end)
:  				marg->pages_found++;
: @@ -531,7 +532,7 @@ static int cmm_mem_going_offline(void *a
:  	struct memory_notify *marg = arg;
:  	unsigned long start_page = (unsigned long)pfn_to_kaddr(marg->start_pfn);
:  	unsigned long end_page = start_page + (marg->nr_pages << PAGE_SHIFT);
: -	struct cmm_page_array *pa_curr, *pa_last;
: +	struct cmm_page_array *pa_curr, *pa_last, *npa;
:  	unsigned long idx;
:  	unsigned long freed = 0;
:  
: @@ -539,6 +540,7 @@ static int cmm_mem_going_offline(void *a
:  			start_page, marg->nr_pages);
:  	spin_lock(&cmm_lock);
:  
: +	/* Search the page list for pages in the range to be offlined */
:  	pa_last = pa_curr = cmm_page_list;
:  	while (pa_curr) {
:  		for (idx = (pa_curr->index - 1); (idx + 1) > 0; idx--) {
: @@ -563,6 +565,37 @@ static int cmm_mem_going_offline(void *a
:  		}
:  		pa_curr = pa_curr->next;
:  	}
: +
: +	/* Search for page list structures in the range to be offlined */
: +	pa_last = NULL;
: +	pa_curr = cmm_page_list;
: +	while (pa_curr) {
: +		if (((unsigned long)pa_curr >= start_page) &&
: +				((unsigned long)pa_curr < end_page)) {
: +			npa = (struct cmm_page_array *)__get_free_page(
: +					GFP_NOIO | __GFP_NOWARN |
: +					__GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOMEMALLOC);
: +			if (!npa) {
: +				spin_unlock(&cmm_lock);
: +				cmm_dbg("Failed to allocate memory for list "
: +						"management. Memory hotplug "
: +						"failed.\n");
: +				return ENOMEM;
: +			}
: +			memcpy(npa, pa_curr, PAGE_SIZE);
: +			if (pa_curr == cmm_page_list)
: +				cmm_page_list = npa;
: +			if (pa_last)
: +				pa_last->next = npa;
: +			free_page((unsigned long) pa_curr);
: +			freed++;
: +			pa_curr = npa;
: +		}
: +
: +		pa_last = pa_curr;
: +		pa_curr = pa_curr->next;
: +	}
: +
:  	spin_unlock(&cmm_lock);
:  	cmm_dbg("Released %ld pages in the search range.\n", freed);
:  

I'm wondering what is the maximum hold time of cmm_lock.  Rounded to
the nearest fortnight :)
Robert Jennings Nov. 20, 2009, 4:10 p.m. UTC | #2
* Andrew Morton (akpm@linux-foundation.org) wrote:
> On Wed, 18 Nov 2009 12:59:08 -0600
> Robert Jennings <rcj@linux.vnet.ibm.com> wrote:
> 
> > The Collaborative Memory Manager (CMM) module allocates individual pages
> > over time that are not migratable.  On a long running system this can
> > severely impact the ability to find enough pages to support a hotplug
> > memory remove operation.
> > 
> > This patch adds a memory isolation notifier and a memory hotplug notifier.
<snip>
> : @@ -563,6 +565,37 @@ static int cmm_mem_going_offline(void *a
> :  		}
> :  		pa_curr = pa_curr->next;
> :  	}
> : +
> : +	/* Search for page list structures in the range to be offlined */
> : +	pa_last = NULL;
> : +	pa_curr = cmm_page_list;
> : +	while (pa_curr) {
> : +		if (((unsigned long)pa_curr >= start_page) &&
> : +				((unsigned long)pa_curr < end_page)) {
> : +			npa = (struct cmm_page_array *)__get_free_page(
> : +					GFP_NOIO | __GFP_NOWARN |
> : +					__GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOMEMALLOC);
> : +			if (!npa) {
> : +				spin_unlock(&cmm_lock);
> : +				cmm_dbg("Failed to allocate memory for list "
> : +						"management. Memory hotplug "
> : +						"failed.\n");
> : +				return ENOMEM;
> : +			}
> : +			memcpy(npa, pa_curr, PAGE_SIZE);
> : +			if (pa_curr == cmm_page_list)
> : +				cmm_page_list = npa;
> : +			if (pa_last)
> : +				pa_last->next = npa;
> : +			free_page((unsigned long) pa_curr);
> : +			freed++;
> : +			pa_curr = npa;
> : +		}
> : +
> : +		pa_last = pa_curr;
> : +		pa_curr = pa_curr->next;
> : +	}
> : +
> :  	spin_unlock(&cmm_lock);
> :  	cmm_dbg("Released %ld pages in the search range.\n", freed);
> :  
> 
> I'm wondering what is the maximum hold time of cmm_lock.  Rounded to
> the nearest fortnight :)

I've optimized this for sub-fortnight performance, but the maximum
hold time is a function of the number of pages in the balloon and in the
infreqent case that we try to migrate a page array page it will attempt
a page allocation.  I'm calling __get_free_pages with __GFP_NORETRY and
the offline fails quickly if we don't get the page.  Additionally, the
cmm_lock could be held by either the balloon allocation or deallocation
functions when the hotplug handler is called; I've addressed this as well.

For the allocation path the locking granularity is quite good and
a hotplug event will cause the allocation function to exit early to
minimize memory pressure.

The balloon deallocation path was not altered, it will hold the lock
and free all of the pages it was attempting to free before releasing the
lock.  The thought here is that by allowing it to complete we reduce
memory pressure and reduce the number of list entries we'll need to
search for each memory segment being offlined.
diff mbox

Patch

Index: b/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/cmm.c
===================================================================
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/cmm.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/cmm.c
@@ -38,19 +38,28 @@ 
 #include <asm/mmu.h>
 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/memory.h>
 
 #include "plpar_wrappers.h"
 
 #define CMM_DRIVER_VERSION	"1.0.0"
 #define CMM_DEFAULT_DELAY	1
+#define CMM_HOTPLUG_DELAY	5
 #define CMM_DEBUG			0
 #define CMM_DISABLE		0
 #define CMM_OOM_KB		1024
 #define CMM_MIN_MEM_MB		256
 #define KB2PAGES(_p)		((_p)>>(PAGE_SHIFT-10))
 #define PAGES2KB(_p)		((_p)<<(PAGE_SHIFT-10))
+/*
+ * The priority level tries to ensure that this notifier is called as
+ * late as possible to reduce thrashing in the shared memory pool.
+ */
+#define CMM_MEM_HOTPLUG_PRI	1
+#define CMM_MEM_ISOLATE_PRI	15
 
 static unsigned int delay = CMM_DEFAULT_DELAY;
+static unsigned int hotplug_delay = CMM_HOTPLUG_DELAY;
 static unsigned int oom_kb = CMM_OOM_KB;
 static unsigned int cmm_debug = CMM_DEBUG;
 static unsigned int cmm_disabled = CMM_DISABLE;
@@ -65,6 +74,10 @@  MODULE_VERSION(CMM_DRIVER_VERSION);
 module_param_named(delay, delay, uint, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(delay, "Delay (in seconds) between polls to query hypervisor paging requests. "
 		 "[Default=" __stringify(CMM_DEFAULT_DELAY) "]");
+module_param_named(hotplug_delay, hotplug_delay, uint, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(delay, "Delay (in seconds) after memory hotplug remove "
+		 "before loaning resumes. "
+		 "[Default=" __stringify(CMM_HOTPLUG_DELAY) "]");
 module_param_named(oom_kb, oom_kb, uint, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(oom_kb, "Amount of memory in kb to free on OOM. "
 		 "[Default=" __stringify(CMM_OOM_KB) "]");
@@ -92,6 +105,9 @@  static unsigned long oom_freed_pages;
 static struct cmm_page_array *cmm_page_list;
 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(cmm_lock);
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(hotplug_mutex);
+static int hotplug_occurred; /* protected by the hotplug mutex */
+
 static struct task_struct *cmm_thread_ptr;
 
 /**
@@ -110,6 +126,17 @@  static long cmm_alloc_pages(long nr)
 	cmm_dbg("Begin request for %ld pages\n", nr);
 
 	while (nr) {
+		/* Exit if a hotplug operation is in progress or occurred */
+		if (mutex_trylock(&hotplug_mutex)) {
+			if (hotplug_occurred) {
+				mutex_unlock(&hotplug_mutex);
+				break;
+			}
+			mutex_unlock(&hotplug_mutex);
+		} else {
+			break;
+		}
+
 		addr = __get_free_page(GFP_NOIO | __GFP_NOWARN |
 				       __GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOMEMALLOC);
 		if (!addr)
@@ -119,8 +146,9 @@  static long cmm_alloc_pages(long nr)
 		if (!pa || pa->index >= CMM_NR_PAGES) {
 			/* Need a new page for the page list. */
 			spin_unlock(&cmm_lock);
-			npa = (struct cmm_page_array *)__get_free_page(GFP_NOIO | __GFP_NOWARN |
-								       __GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOMEMALLOC);
+			npa = (struct cmm_page_array *)__get_free_page(
+					GFP_NOIO | __GFP_NOWARN |
+					__GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOMEMALLOC);
 			if (!npa) {
 				pr_info("%s: Can not allocate new page list\n", __func__);
 				free_page(addr);
@@ -273,9 +301,28 @@  static int cmm_thread(void *dummy)
 	while (1) {
 		timeleft = msleep_interruptible(delay * 1000);
 
-		if (kthread_should_stop() || timeleft) {
-			loaned_pages_target = loaned_pages;
+		if (kthread_should_stop() || timeleft)
 			break;
+
+		if (mutex_trylock(&hotplug_mutex)) {
+			if (hotplug_occurred) {
+				hotplug_occurred = 0;
+				mutex_unlock(&hotplug_mutex);
+				cmm_dbg("Hotplug operation has occurred, "
+						"loaning activity suspended "
+						"for %d seconds.\n",
+						hotplug_delay);
+				timeleft = msleep_interruptible(hotplug_delay *
+						1000);
+				if (kthread_should_stop() || timeleft)
+					break;
+				continue;
+			}
+			mutex_unlock(&hotplug_mutex);
+		} else {
+			cmm_dbg("Hotplug operation in progress, activity "
+					"suspended\n");
+			continue;
 		}
 
 		cmm_get_mpp();
@@ -405,6 +452,193 @@  static struct notifier_block cmm_reboot_
 };
 
 /**
+ * cmm_count_pages - Count the number of pages loaned in a particular range.
+ *
+ * @arg: memory_isolate_notify structure with address range and count
+ *
+ * Return value:
+ *      0 on success
+ **/
+static unsigned long cmm_count_pages(void *arg)
+{
+	struct memory_isolate_notify *marg = arg;
+	struct cmm_page_array *pa;
+	unsigned long start = (unsigned long)pfn_to_kaddr(marg->start_pfn);
+	unsigned long end = start + (marg->nr_pages << PAGE_SHIFT);
+	unsigned long idx;
+
+	spin_lock(&cmm_lock);
+	pa = cmm_page_list;
+	while (pa) {
+		if ((unsigned long)pa >= start && (unsigned long)pa < end)
+			marg->pages_found++;
+		for (idx = 0; idx < pa->index; idx++)
+			if (pa->page[idx] >= start && pa->page[idx] < end)
+				marg->pages_found++;
+		pa = pa->next;
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&cmm_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * cmm_memory_isolate_cb - Handle memory isolation notifier calls
+ * @self:	notifier block struct
+ * @action:	action to take
+ * @arg:	struct memory_isolate_notify data for handler
+ *
+ * Return value:
+ *	NOTIFY_OK or notifier error based on subfunction return value
+ **/
+static int cmm_memory_isolate_cb(struct notifier_block *self,
+				 unsigned long action, void *arg)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (action == MEM_ISOLATE_COUNT)
+		ret = cmm_count_pages(arg);
+
+	if (ret)
+		ret = notifier_from_errno(ret);
+	else
+		ret = NOTIFY_OK;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static struct notifier_block cmm_mem_isolate_nb = {
+	.notifier_call = cmm_memory_isolate_cb,
+	.priority = CMM_MEM_ISOLATE_PRI
+};
+
+/**
+ * cmm_mem_going_offline - Unloan pages where memory is to be removed
+ * @arg: memory_notify structure with page range to be offlined
+ *
+ * Return value:
+ *	0 on success
+ **/
+static int cmm_mem_going_offline(void *arg)
+{
+	struct memory_notify *marg = arg;
+	unsigned long start_page = (unsigned long)pfn_to_kaddr(marg->start_pfn);
+	unsigned long end_page = start_page + (marg->nr_pages << PAGE_SHIFT);
+	struct cmm_page_array *pa_curr, *pa_last, *npa;
+	unsigned long idx;
+	unsigned long freed = 0;
+
+	cmm_dbg("Memory going offline, searching 0x%lx (%ld pages).\n",
+			start_page, marg->nr_pages);
+	spin_lock(&cmm_lock);
+
+	/* Search the page list for pages in the range to be offlined */
+	pa_last = pa_curr = cmm_page_list;
+	while (pa_curr) {
+		for (idx = (pa_curr->index - 1); (idx + 1) > 0; idx--) {
+			if ((pa_curr->page[idx] < start_page) ||
+			    (pa_curr->page[idx] >= end_page))
+				continue;
+
+			plpar_page_set_active(__pa(pa_curr->page[idx]));
+			free_page(pa_curr->page[idx]);
+			freed++;
+			loaned_pages--;
+			totalram_pages++;
+			pa_curr->page[idx] = pa_last->page[--pa_last->index];
+			if (pa_last->index == 0) {
+				if (pa_curr == pa_last)
+					pa_curr = pa_last->next;
+				pa_last = pa_last->next;
+				free_page((unsigned long)cmm_page_list);
+				cmm_page_list = pa_last;
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+		pa_curr = pa_curr->next;
+	}
+
+	/* Search for page list structures in the range to be offlined */
+	pa_last = NULL;
+	pa_curr = cmm_page_list;
+	while (pa_curr) {
+		if (((unsigned long)pa_curr >= start_page) &&
+				((unsigned long)pa_curr < end_page)) {
+			npa = (struct cmm_page_array *)__get_free_page(
+					GFP_NOIO | __GFP_NOWARN |
+					__GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOMEMALLOC);
+			if (!npa) {
+				spin_unlock(&cmm_lock);
+				cmm_dbg("Failed to allocate memory for list "
+						"management. Memory hotplug "
+						"failed.\n");
+				return ENOMEM;
+			}
+			memcpy(npa, pa_curr, PAGE_SIZE);
+			if (pa_curr == cmm_page_list)
+				cmm_page_list = npa;
+			if (pa_last)
+				pa_last->next = npa;
+			free_page((unsigned long) pa_curr);
+			freed++;
+			pa_curr = npa;
+		}
+
+		pa_last = pa_curr;
+		pa_curr = pa_curr->next;
+	}
+
+	spin_unlock(&cmm_lock);
+	cmm_dbg("Released %ld pages in the search range.\n", freed);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * cmm_memory_cb - Handle memory hotplug notifier calls
+ * @self:	notifier block struct
+ * @action:	action to take
+ * @arg:	struct memory_notify data for handler
+ *
+ * Return value:
+ *	NOTIFY_OK or notifier error based on subfunction return value
+ *
+ **/
+static int cmm_memory_cb(struct notifier_block *self,
+			unsigned long action, void *arg)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	switch (action) {
+	case MEM_GOING_OFFLINE:
+		mutex_lock(&hotplug_mutex);
+		hotplug_occurred = 1;
+		ret = cmm_mem_going_offline(arg);
+		break;
+	case MEM_OFFLINE:
+	case MEM_CANCEL_OFFLINE:
+		mutex_unlock(&hotplug_mutex);
+		cmm_dbg("Memory offline operation complete.\n");
+		break;
+	case MEM_GOING_ONLINE:
+	case MEM_ONLINE:
+	case MEM_CANCEL_ONLINE:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	if (ret)
+		ret = notifier_from_errno(ret);
+	else
+		ret = NOTIFY_OK;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static struct notifier_block cmm_mem_nb = {
+	.notifier_call = cmm_memory_cb,
+	.priority = CMM_MEM_HOTPLUG_PRI
+};
+
+/**
  * cmm_init - Module initialization
  *
  * Return value:
@@ -426,18 +660,24 @@  static int cmm_init(void)
 	if ((rc = cmm_sysfs_register(&cmm_sysdev)))
 		goto out_reboot_notifier;
 
+	if (register_memory_notifier(&cmm_mem_nb) ||
+	    register_memory_isolate_notifier(&cmm_mem_isolate_nb))
+		goto out_unregister_notifier;
+
 	if (cmm_disabled)
 		return rc;
 
 	cmm_thread_ptr = kthread_run(cmm_thread, NULL, "cmmthread");
 	if (IS_ERR(cmm_thread_ptr)) {
 		rc = PTR_ERR(cmm_thread_ptr);
-		goto out_unregister_sysfs;
+		goto out_unregister_notifier;
 	}
 
 	return rc;
 
-out_unregister_sysfs:
+out_unregister_notifier:
+	unregister_memory_notifier(&cmm_mem_nb);
+	unregister_memory_isolate_notifier(&cmm_mem_isolate_nb);
 	cmm_unregister_sysfs(&cmm_sysdev);
 out_reboot_notifier:
 	unregister_reboot_notifier(&cmm_reboot_nb);
@@ -458,6 +698,8 @@  static void cmm_exit(void)
 		kthread_stop(cmm_thread_ptr);
 	unregister_oom_notifier(&cmm_oom_nb);
 	unregister_reboot_notifier(&cmm_reboot_nb);
+	unregister_memory_notifier(&cmm_mem_nb);
+	unregister_memory_isolate_notifier(&cmm_mem_isolate_nb);
 	cmm_free_pages(loaned_pages);
 	cmm_unregister_sysfs(&cmm_sysdev);
 }