diff --git a/include/sound/rawmidi.h b/include/sound/rawmidi.h
index f6cbef7..3b91ad5 100644
--- a/include/sound/rawmidi.h
+++ b/include/sound/rawmidi.h
@@ -167,6 +167,10 @@ int snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
 int snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int count);
 int snd_rawmidi_transmit(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
 			 unsigned char *buffer, int count);
+int __snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			      unsigned char *buffer, int count);
+int __snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			       int count);

 /* main midi functions */

diff --git a/sound/core/rawmidi.c b/sound/core/rawmidi.c
index f75d165..26ca022 100644
--- a/sound/core/rawmidi.c
+++ b/sound/core/rawmidi.c
@@ -1055,23 +1055,16 @@ int snd_rawmidi_transmit_empty(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_transmit_empty);

 /**
- * snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek - copy data from the internal buffer
+ * __snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek - copy data from the internal buffer
  * @substream: the rawmidi substream
  * @buffer: the buffer pointer
  * @count: data size to transfer
  *
- * Copies data from the internal output buffer to the given buffer.
- *
- * Call this in the interrupt handler when the midi output is ready,
- * and call snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack() after the transmission is
- * finished.
- *
- * Return: The size of copied data, or a negative error code on failure.
+ * This is a variant of snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek() without spinlock.
  */
-int snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+int __snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
 			      unsigned char *buffer, int count)
 {
-	unsigned long flags;
 	int result, count1;
 	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;

@@ -1081,7 +1074,6 @@ int snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 	result = 0;
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&runtime->lock, flags);
 	if (runtime->avail >= runtime->buffer_size) {
 		/* warning: lowlevel layer MUST trigger down the hardware */
 		goto __skip;
@@ -1106,25 +1098,47 @@ int snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
 		}
 	}
       __skip:
+	return result;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek);
+
+/**
+ * snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek - copy data from the internal buffer
+ * @substream: the rawmidi substream
+ * @buffer: the buffer pointer
+ * @count: data size to transfer
+ *
+ * Copies data from the internal output buffer to the given buffer.
+ *
+ * Call this in the interrupt handler when the midi output is ready,
+ * and call snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack() after the transmission is
+ * finished.
+ *
+ * Return: The size of copied data, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
+			      unsigned char *buffer, int count)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int result;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&runtime->lock, flags);
+	result = __snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(substream, buffer, count);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&runtime->lock, flags);
 	return result;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek);

 /**
- * snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack - acknowledge the transmission
+ * __snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack - acknowledge the transmission
  * @substream: the rawmidi substream
  * @count: the transferred count
  *
- * Advances the hardware pointer for the internal output buffer with
- * the given size and updates the condition.
- * Call after the transmission is finished.
- *
- * Return: The advanced size if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
+ * This is a variant of __snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack() without spinlock.
  */
-int snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int count)
+int __snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int count)
 {
-	unsigned long flags;
 	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;

 	if (runtime->buffer == NULL) {
@@ -1132,7 +1146,6 @@ int snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int count)
 			  "snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack: output is not active!!!\n");
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&runtime->lock, flags);
 	snd_BUG_ON(runtime->avail + count > runtime->buffer_size);
 	runtime->hw_ptr += count;
 	runtime->hw_ptr %= runtime->buffer_size;
@@ -1142,9 +1155,32 @@ int snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int count)
 		if (runtime->drain || snd_rawmidi_ready(substream))
 			wake_up(&runtime->sleep);
 	}
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&runtime->lock, flags);
 	return count;
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack);
+
+/**
+ * snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack - acknowledge the transmission
+ * @substream: the rawmidi substream
+ * @count: the transferred count
+ *
+ * Advances the hardware pointer for the internal output buffer with
+ * the given size and updates the condition.
+ * Call after the transmission is finished.
+ *
+ * Return: The advanced size if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int count)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int result;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&runtime->lock, flags);
+	result = __snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, count);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&runtime->lock, flags);
+	return result;
+}
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack);

 /**
@@ -1160,12 +1196,22 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack);
 int snd_rawmidi_transmit(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
 			 unsigned char *buffer, int count)
 {
+	struct snd_rawmidi_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int result;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&runtime->lock, flags);
 	if (!substream->opened)
-		return -EBADFD;
-	count = snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(substream, buffer, count);
-	if (count < 0)
-		return count;
-	return snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, count);
+		result = -EBADFD;
+	else {
+		count = __snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(substream, buffer, count);
+		if (count <= 0)
+			result = count;
+		else
+			result = __snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, count);
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&runtime->lock, flags);
+	return result;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_rawmidi_transmit);

diff --git a/sound/core/seq/seq_virmidi.c b/sound/core/seq/seq_virmidi.c
index f297592..81134e0 100644
--- a/sound/core/seq/seq_virmidi.c
+++ b/sound/core/seq/seq_virmidi.c
@@ -155,21 +155,26 @@ static void snd_virmidi_output_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
 	struct snd_virmidi *vmidi = substream->runtime->private_data;
 	int count, res;
 	unsigned char buf[32], *pbuf;
+	unsigned long flags;

 	if (up) {
 		vmidi->trigger = 1;
 		if (vmidi->seq_mode == SNDRV_VIRMIDI_SEQ_DISPATCH &&
 		    !(vmidi->rdev->flags & SNDRV_VIRMIDI_SUBSCRIBE)) {
-			snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, substream->runtime->buffer_size - substream->runtime->avail);
-			return;		/* ignored */
+			while (snd_rawmidi_transmit(substream, buf,
+						    sizeof(buf)) > 0) {
+				/* ignored */
+			}
+			return;
 		}
 		if (vmidi->event.type != SNDRV_SEQ_EVENT_NONE) {
 			if (snd_seq_kernel_client_dispatch(vmidi->client, &vmidi->event, in_atomic(), 0) < 0)
 				return;
 			vmidi->event.type = SNDRV_SEQ_EVENT_NONE;
 		}
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&substream->runtime->lock, flags);
 		while (1) {
-			count = snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(substream, buf, sizeof(buf));
+			count = __snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(substream, buf, sizeof(buf));
 			if (count <= 0)
 				break;
 			pbuf = buf;
@@ -179,16 +184,18 @@ static void snd_virmidi_output_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
 					snd_midi_event_reset_encode(vmidi->parser);
 					continue;
 				}
-				snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, res);
+				__snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, res);
 				pbuf += res;
 				count -= res;
 				if (vmidi->event.type != SNDRV_SEQ_EVENT_NONE) {
 					if (snd_seq_kernel_client_dispatch(vmidi->client, &vmidi->event, in_atomic(), 0) < 0)
-						return;
+						goto out;
 					vmidi->event.type = SNDRV_SEQ_EVENT_NONE;
 				}
 			}
 		}
+	out:
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&substream->runtime->lock, flags);
 	} else {
 		vmidi->trigger = 0;
 	}
