diff --git a/block.c b/block.c
index 5835161172..c576377650 100644
--- a/block.c
+++ b/block.c
@@ -2381,6 +2381,7 @@ static void bdrv_replace_child(BdrvChild *child, BlockDriverState *new_bs)
 BdrvChild *bdrv_root_attach_child(BlockDriverState *child_bs,
                                   const char *child_name,
                                   const BdrvChildClass *child_class,
+                                  BdrvChildRole child_role,
                                   AioContext *ctx,
                                   uint64_t perm, uint64_t shared_perm,
                                   void *opaque, Error **errp)
@@ -2402,6 +2403,7 @@ BdrvChild *bdrv_root_attach_child(BlockDriverState *child_bs,
         .bs             = NULL,
         .name           = g_strdup(child_name),
         .klass          = child_class,
+        .role           = child_role,
         .perm           = perm,
         .shared_perm    = shared_perm,
         .opaque         = opaque,
@@ -2453,6 +2455,7 @@ BdrvChild *bdrv_attach_child(BlockDriverState *parent_bs,
                              BlockDriverState *child_bs,
                              const char *child_name,
                              const BdrvChildClass *child_class,
+                             BdrvChildRole child_role,
                              Error **errp)
 {
     BdrvChild *child;
@@ -2465,7 +2468,7 @@ BdrvChild *bdrv_attach_child(BlockDriverState *parent_bs,
                     perm, shared_perm, &perm, &shared_perm);
 
     child = bdrv_root_attach_child(child_bs, child_name, child_class,
-                                   bdrv_get_aio_context(parent_bs),
+                                   child_role, bdrv_get_aio_context(parent_bs),
                                    perm, shared_perm, parent_bs, errp);
     if (child == NULL) {
         return NULL;
@@ -2586,7 +2589,7 @@ void bdrv_set_backing_hd(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverState *backing_hd,
     }
 
     bs->backing = bdrv_attach_child(bs, backing_hd, "backing", &child_backing,
-                                    errp);
+                                    0, errp);
     /* If backing_hd was already part of bs's backing chain, and
      * inherits_from pointed recursively to bs then let's update it to
      * point directly to bs (else it will become NULL). */
@@ -2777,6 +2780,7 @@ BdrvChild *bdrv_open_child(const char *filename,
                            QDict *options, const char *bdref_key,
                            BlockDriverState *parent,
                            const BdrvChildClass *child_class,
+                           BdrvChildRole child_role,
                            bool allow_none, Error **errp)
 {
     BlockDriverState *bs;
@@ -2787,7 +2791,8 @@ BdrvChild *bdrv_open_child(const char *filename,
         return NULL;
     }
 
-    return bdrv_attach_child(parent, bs, bdref_key, child_class, errp);
+    return bdrv_attach_child(parent, bs, bdref_key, child_class, child_role,
+                             errp);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/block/backup-top.c b/block/backup-top.c
index 21a75f1422..3c812358ce 100644
--- a/block/backup-top.c
+++ b/block/backup-top.c
@@ -200,7 +200,8 @@ BlockDriverState *bdrv_backup_top_append(BlockDriverState *source,
     state = top->opaque;
 
     bdrv_ref(target);
-    state->target = bdrv_attach_child(top, target, "target", &child_file, errp);
+    state->target = bdrv_attach_child(top, target, "target", &child_file, 0,
+                                      errp);
     if (!state->target) {
         bdrv_unref(target);
         bdrv_unref(top);
diff --git a/block/blkdebug.c b/block/blkdebug.c
index f369d54ee4..c91e78d5c8 100644
--- a/block/blkdebug.c
+++ b/block/blkdebug.c
@@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ static int blkdebug_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
 
     /* Open the image file */
     bs->file = bdrv_open_child(qemu_opt_get(opts, "x-image"), options, "image",
-                               bs, &child_file, false, &local_err);
+                               bs, &child_file, 0, false, &local_err);
     if (local_err) {
         ret = -EINVAL;
         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
diff --git a/block/blklogwrites.c b/block/blklogwrites.c
index f3b3259d8d..739db6dcf6 100644
--- a/block/blklogwrites.c
+++ b/block/blklogwrites.c
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ static int blk_log_writes_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
     }
 
     /* Open the file */
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, false,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0, false,
                                &local_err);
     if (local_err) {
         ret = -EINVAL;
@@ -166,8 +166,8 @@ static int blk_log_writes_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
     }
 
     /* Open the log file */
-    s->log_file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "log", bs, &child_file, false,
-                                  &local_err);
+    s->log_file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "log", bs, &child_file, 0,
+                                  false, &local_err);
     if (local_err) {
         ret = -EINVAL;
         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
diff --git a/block/blkreplay.c b/block/blkreplay.c
index c96ac8f4bc..f97493f45a 100644
--- a/block/blkreplay.c
+++ b/block/blkreplay.c
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ static int blkreplay_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
 
     /* Open the image file */
     bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "image",
-                               bs, &child_file, false, &local_err);
+                               bs, &child_file, 0, false, &local_err);
     if (local_err) {
         ret = -EINVAL;
         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
diff --git a/block/blkverify.c b/block/blkverify.c
index ba6b1853ae..ba4f6d7b7c 100644
--- a/block/blkverify.c
+++ b/block/blkverify.c
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ static int blkverify_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
 
     /* Open the raw file */
     bs->file = bdrv_open_child(qemu_opt_get(opts, "x-raw"), options, "raw",
-                               bs, &child_file, false, &local_err);
+                               bs, &child_file, 0, false, &local_err);
     if (local_err) {
         ret = -EINVAL;
         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ static int blkverify_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
 
     /* Open the test file */
     s->test_file = bdrv_open_child(qemu_opt_get(opts, "x-image"), options,
-                                   "test", bs, &child_format, false,
+                                   "test", bs, &child_format, 0, false,
                                    &local_err);
     if (local_err) {
         ret = -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/block-backend.c b/block/block-backend.c
index 3d7e96e0d4..4b79b2abb1 100644
--- a/block/block-backend.c
+++ b/block/block-backend.c
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ BlockBackend *blk_new_open(const char *filename, const char *reference,
         return NULL;
     }
 
-    blk->root = bdrv_root_attach_child(bs, "root", &child_root, blk->ctx,
+    blk->root = bdrv_root_attach_child(bs, "root", &child_root, 0, blk->ctx,
                                        perm, BLK_PERM_ALL, blk, errp);
     if (!blk->root) {
         blk_unref(blk);
@@ -811,7 +811,7 @@ int blk_insert_bs(BlockBackend *blk, BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
 {
     ThrottleGroupMember *tgm = &blk->public.throttle_group_member;
     bdrv_ref(bs);
-    blk->root = bdrv_root_attach_child(bs, "root", &child_root, blk->ctx,
+    blk->root = bdrv_root_attach_child(bs, "root", &child_root, 0, blk->ctx,
                                        blk->perm, blk->shared_perm, blk, errp);
     if (blk->root == NULL) {
         return -EPERM;
diff --git a/block/bochs.c b/block/bochs.c
index e7bbeaa1c4..b013e73063 100644
--- a/block/bochs.c
+++ b/block/bochs.c
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ static int bochs_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
         return ret;
     }
 
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0,
                                false, errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/cloop.c b/block/cloop.c
index f90f1a4b4c..3ed9fa63cc 100644
--- a/block/cloop.c
+++ b/block/cloop.c
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ static int cloop_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
         return ret;
     }
 
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0,
                                false, errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/copy-on-read.c b/block/copy-on-read.c
index 7504ca6ffc..a2c4e6dc58 100644
--- a/block/copy-on-read.c
+++ b/block/copy-on-read.c
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 static int cor_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
                     Error **errp)
 {
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, false,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0, false,
                                errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/crypto.c b/block/crypto.c
index b81f673a51..4da74a7737 100644
--- a/block/crypto.c
+++ b/block/crypto.c
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ static int block_crypto_open_generic(QCryptoBlockFormat format,
     unsigned int cflags = 0;
     QDict *cryptoopts = NULL;
 
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0,
                                false, errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/dmg.c b/block/dmg.c
index ef3c6e771d..af8188638c 100644
--- a/block/dmg.c
+++ b/block/dmg.c
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ static int dmg_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
         return ret;
     }
 
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0,
                                false, errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/filter-compress.c b/block/filter-compress.c
index 82c315b298..4dc5f9fb8c 100644
--- a/block/filter-compress.c
+++ b/block/filter-compress.c
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 static int compress_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
                          Error **errp)
 {
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, false,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0, false,
                                errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/parallels.c b/block/parallels.c
index 30eda982bd..3d5b3b7c63 100644
--- a/block/parallels.c
+++ b/block/parallels.c
@@ -728,7 +728,7 @@ static int parallels_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
     Error *local_err = NULL;
     char *buf;
 
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0,
                                false, errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/qcow.c b/block/qcow.c
index 0e4f09934c..2bf8e8eb36 100644
--- a/block/qcow.c
+++ b/block/qcow.c
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ static int qcow_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
     qdict_extract_subqdict(options, &encryptopts, "encrypt.");
     encryptfmt = qdict_get_try_str(encryptopts, "format");
 
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0,
                                false, errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         ret = -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/qcow2.c b/block/qcow2.c
index 8e057556eb..94e394d608 100644
--- a/block/qcow2.c
+++ b/block/qcow2.c
@@ -1535,7 +1535,7 @@ static int coroutine_fn qcow2_do_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options,
 
     /* Open external data file */
     s->data_file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "data-file", bs, &child_file,
-                                   true, &local_err);
+                                   0, true, &local_err);
     if (local_err) {
         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
         ret = -EINVAL;
@@ -1545,7 +1545,7 @@ static int coroutine_fn qcow2_do_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options,
     if (s->incompatible_features & QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DATA_FILE) {
         if (!s->data_file && s->image_data_file) {
             s->data_file = bdrv_open_child(s->image_data_file, options,
-                                           "data-file", bs, &child_file,
+                                           "data-file", bs, &child_file, 0,
                                            false, errp);
             if (!s->data_file) {
                 ret = -EINVAL;
@@ -1805,7 +1805,7 @@ static int qcow2_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
         .ret = -EINPROGRESS
     };
 
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0,
                                false, errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/qed.c b/block/qed.c
index eb6139acbc..d15ba11959 100644
--- a/block/qed.c
+++ b/block/qed.c
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ static int bdrv_qed_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
         .ret = -EINPROGRESS
     };
 
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0,
                                false, errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/quorum.c b/block/quorum.c
index f354d9bf69..e53d02bbcd 100644
--- a/block/quorum.c
+++ b/block/quorum.c
@@ -992,7 +992,7 @@ static int quorum_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
         assert(ret < 32);
 
         s->children[i].child = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, indexstr, bs,
-                                               &child_format, false,
+                                               &child_format, 0, false,
                                                &local_err);
         if (local_err) {
             ret = -EINVAL;
@@ -1069,7 +1069,7 @@ static void quorum_add_child(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverState *child_bs,
     /* We can safely add the child now */
     bdrv_ref(child_bs);
 
-    child = bdrv_attach_child(bs, child_bs, indexstr, &child_format, errp);
+    child = bdrv_attach_child(bs, child_bs, indexstr, &child_format, 0, errp);
     if (child == NULL) {
         s->next_child_index--;
         goto out;
diff --git a/block/raw-format.c b/block/raw-format.c
index 2429ff0d23..b600dae209 100644
--- a/block/raw-format.c
+++ b/block/raw-format.c
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ static int raw_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
     BDRVRawState *s = bs->opaque;
     int ret;
 
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0,
                                false, errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/replication.c b/block/replication.c
index e268a6e5c5..c05df1bc16 100644
--- a/block/replication.c
+++ b/block/replication.c
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ static int replication_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options,
     const char *mode;
     const char *top_id;
 
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0,
                                false, errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/throttle.c b/block/throttle.c
index 71f4bb0ad1..2dea913be7 100644
--- a/block/throttle.c
+++ b/block/throttle.c
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ static int throttle_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options,
     int ret;
 
     bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs,
-                               &child_file, false, errp);
+                               &child_file, 0, false, errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         return -EINVAL;
     }
diff --git a/block/vdi.c b/block/vdi.c
index 7e87b205b5..987e2ed592 100644
--- a/block/vdi.c
+++ b/block/vdi.c
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ static int vdi_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
     Error *local_err = NULL;
     QemuUUID uuid_link, uuid_parent;
 
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0,
                                false, errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/vhdx.c b/block/vhdx.c
index d3c1619026..be23290ac8 100644
--- a/block/vhdx.c
+++ b/block/vhdx.c
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ static int vhdx_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
     uint64_t signature;
     Error *local_err = NULL;
 
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0,
                                false, errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/vmdk.c b/block/vmdk.c
index 631fcd15ab..84f99d881f 100644
--- a/block/vmdk.c
+++ b/block/vmdk.c
@@ -1152,7 +1152,7 @@ static int vmdk_parse_extents(const char *desc, BlockDriverState *bs,
         assert(ret < 32);
 
         extent_file = bdrv_open_child(extent_path, options, extent_opt_prefix,
-                                      bs, &child_file, false, &local_err);
+                                      bs, &child_file, 0, false, &local_err);
         g_free(extent_path);
         if (local_err) {
             error_propagate(errp, local_err);
@@ -1257,7 +1257,7 @@ static int vmdk_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
     uint32_t magic;
     Error *local_err = NULL;
 
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0,
                                false, errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/vpc.c b/block/vpc.c
index 7cf0f87a16..5378e32d1d 100644
--- a/block/vpc.c
+++ b/block/vpc.c
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ static int vpc_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
     int ret;
     int64_t bs_size;
 
-    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
+    bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file, 0,
                                false, errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
         return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/block/vvfat.c b/block/vvfat.c
index 70f6985fbb..0c0b224947 100644
--- a/block/vvfat.c
+++ b/block/vvfat.c
@@ -3192,7 +3192,7 @@ static int enable_write_target(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
     options = qdict_new();
     qdict_put_str(options, "write-target.driver", "qcow");
     s->qcow = bdrv_open_child(s->qcow_filename, options, "write-target", bs,
-                              &child_vvfat_qcow, false, errp);
+                              &child_vvfat_qcow, 0, false, errp);
     qobject_unref(options);
     if (!s->qcow) {
         ret = -EINVAL;
diff --git a/blockjob.c b/blockjob.c
index 79f303822b..533ef0af30 100644
--- a/blockjob.c
+++ b/blockjob.c
@@ -217,8 +217,9 @@ int block_job_add_bdrv(BlockJob *job, const char *name, BlockDriverState *bs,
     if (job->job.aio_context != qemu_get_aio_context()) {
         aio_context_release(job->job.aio_context);
     }
-    c = bdrv_root_attach_child(bs, name, &child_job, job->job.aio_context,
-                               perm, shared_perm, job, errp);
+    c = bdrv_root_attach_child(bs, name, &child_job, 0,
+                               job->job.aio_context, perm, shared_perm, job,
+                               errp);
     if (job->job.aio_context != qemu_get_aio_context()) {
         aio_context_acquire(job->job.aio_context);
     }
diff --git a/include/block/block.h b/include/block/block.h
index 0f7e8caa5b..7ad819f045 100644
--- a/include/block/block.h
+++ b/include/block/block.h
@@ -333,6 +333,7 @@ BdrvChild *bdrv_open_child(const char *filename,
                            QDict *options, const char *bdref_key,
                            BlockDriverState* parent,
                            const BdrvChildClass *child_class,
+                           BdrvChildRole child_role,
                            bool allow_none, Error **errp);
 BlockDriverState *bdrv_open_blockdev_ref(BlockdevRef *ref, Error **errp);
 void bdrv_set_backing_hd(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverState *backing_hd,
@@ -576,6 +577,7 @@ BdrvChild *bdrv_attach_child(BlockDriverState *parent_bs,
                              BlockDriverState *child_bs,
                              const char *child_name,
                              const BdrvChildClass *child_class,
+                             BdrvChildRole child_role,
                              Error **errp);
 
 bool bdrv_op_is_blocked(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockOpType op, Error **errp);
diff --git a/include/block/block_int.h b/include/block/block_int.h
index bbd933d782..4817c2d38c 100644
--- a/include/block/block_int.h
+++ b/include/block/block_int.h
@@ -746,6 +746,7 @@ struct BdrvChild {
     BlockDriverState *bs;
     char *name;
     const BdrvChildClass *klass;
+    BdrvChildRole role;
     void *opaque;
 
     /**
@@ -1228,6 +1229,7 @@ void hmp_drive_add_node(Monitor *mon, const char *optstr);
 BdrvChild *bdrv_root_attach_child(BlockDriverState *child_bs,
                                   const char *child_name,
                                   const BdrvChildClass *child_class,
+                                  BdrvChildRole child_role,
                                   AioContext *ctx,
                                   uint64_t perm, uint64_t shared_perm,
                                   void *opaque, Error **errp);
diff --git a/tests/test-bdrv-drain.c b/tests/test-bdrv-drain.c
index 9d683a6c11..c03705ea37 100644
--- a/tests/test-bdrv-drain.c
+++ b/tests/test-bdrv-drain.c
@@ -1202,7 +1202,7 @@ static void do_test_delete_by_drain(bool detach_instead_of_delete,
 
     null_bs = bdrv_open("null-co://", NULL, NULL, BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL,
                         &error_abort);
-    bdrv_attach_child(bs, null_bs, "null-child", &child_file, &error_abort);
+    bdrv_attach_child(bs, null_bs, "null-child", &child_file, 0, &error_abort);
 
     /* This child will be the one to pass to requests through to, and
      * it will stall until a drain occurs */
@@ -1211,13 +1211,13 @@ static void do_test_delete_by_drain(bool detach_instead_of_delete,
     child_bs->total_sectors = 65536 >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
     /* Takes our reference to child_bs */
     tts->wait_child = bdrv_attach_child(bs, child_bs, "wait-child", &child_file,
-                                        &error_abort);
+                                        0, &error_abort);
 
     /* This child is just there to be deleted
      * (for detach_instead_of_delete == true) */
     null_bs = bdrv_open("null-co://", NULL, NULL, BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL,
                         &error_abort);
-    bdrv_attach_child(bs, null_bs, "null-child", &child_file, &error_abort);
+    bdrv_attach_child(bs, null_bs, "null-child", &child_file, 0, &error_abort);
 
     blk = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(), BLK_PERM_ALL, BLK_PERM_ALL);
     blk_insert_bs(blk, bs, &error_abort);
@@ -1314,7 +1314,7 @@ static void detach_indirect_bh(void *opaque)
 
     bdrv_ref(data->c);
     data->child_c = bdrv_attach_child(data->parent_b, data->c, "PB-C",
-                                      &child_file, &error_abort);
+                                      &child_file, 0, &error_abort);
 }
 
 static void detach_by_parent_aio_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
@@ -1396,13 +1396,15 @@ static void test_detach_indirect(bool by_parent_cb)
     /* Set child relationships */
     bdrv_ref(b);
     bdrv_ref(a);
-    child_b = bdrv_attach_child(parent_b, b, "PB-B", &child_file, &error_abort);
-    child_a = bdrv_attach_child(parent_b, a, "PB-A", &child_backing, &error_abort);
+    child_b = bdrv_attach_child(parent_b, b, "PB-B", &child_file, 0,
+                                &error_abort);
+    child_a = bdrv_attach_child(parent_b, a, "PB-A", &child_backing, 0,
+                                &error_abort);
 
     bdrv_ref(a);
     bdrv_attach_child(parent_a, a, "PA-A",
                       by_parent_cb ? &child_file : &detach_by_driver_cb_class,
-                      &error_abort);
+                      0, &error_abort);
 
     g_assert_cmpint(parent_a->refcnt, ==, 1);
     g_assert_cmpint(parent_b->refcnt, ==, 1);
@@ -1813,7 +1815,7 @@ static void test_drop_intermediate_poll(void)
             /* Takes the reference to chain[i - 1] */
             chain[i]->backing = bdrv_attach_child(chain[i], chain[i - 1],
                                                   "chain", &chain_child_class,
-                                                  &error_abort);
+                                                  0, &error_abort);
         }
     }
 
@@ -2031,7 +2033,7 @@ static void do_test_replace_child_mid_drain(int old_drain_count,
 
     bdrv_ref(old_child_bs);
     parent_bs->backing = bdrv_attach_child(parent_bs, old_child_bs, "child",
-                                           &child_backing, &error_abort);
+                                           &child_backing, 0, &error_abort);
 
     for (i = 0; i < old_drain_count; i++) {
         bdrv_drained_begin(old_child_bs);
diff --git a/tests/test-bdrv-graph-mod.c b/tests/test-bdrv-graph-mod.c
index fef42cb294..8b8c186c9f 100644
--- a/tests/test-bdrv-graph-mod.c
+++ b/tests/test-bdrv-graph-mod.c
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ static void test_update_perm_tree(void)
 
     blk_insert_bs(root, bs, &error_abort);
 
-    bdrv_attach_child(filter, bs, "child", &child_file, &error_abort);
+    bdrv_attach_child(filter, bs, "child", &child_file, 0, &error_abort);
 
     bdrv_append(filter, bs, &local_err);
 
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ static void test_should_update_child(void)
     bdrv_set_backing_hd(target, bs, &error_abort);
 
     g_assert(target->backing->bs == bs);
-    bdrv_attach_child(filter, target, "target", &child_file, &error_abort);
+    bdrv_attach_child(filter, target, "target", &child_file, 0, &error_abort);
     bdrv_append(filter, bs, &error_abort);
     g_assert(target->backing->bs == bs);
 
