From patchwork Fri Jan 18 22:33:58 2019 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Patchwork-Submitter: Laszlo Ersek X-Patchwork-Id: 1027822 Return-Path: X-Original-To: incoming@patchwork.ozlabs.org Delivered-To: patchwork-incoming@bilbo.ozlabs.org Authentication-Results: ozlabs.org; spf=pass (mailfrom) smtp.mailfrom=nongnu.org (client-ip=209.51.188.17; helo=lists.gnu.org; envelope-from=qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org; receiver=) Authentication-Results: ozlabs.org; dmarc=fail (p=none dis=none) header.from=redhat.com Received: from lists.gnu.org (lists.gnu.org [209.51.188.17]) (using TLSv1 with cipher DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ozlabs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 43hG466x3fz9sDB for ; Sat, 19 Jan 2019 09:35:34 +1100 (AEDT) Received: from localhost ([127.0.0.1]:48275 helo=lists.gnu.org) by lists.gnu.org with esmtp (Exim 4.71) (envelope-from ) id 1gkcjc-000578-RD for incoming@patchwork.ozlabs.org; Fri, 18 Jan 2019 17:35:32 -0500 Received: from eggs.gnu.org ([209.51.188.92]:42918) by lists.gnu.org with esmtp (Exim 4.71) (envelope-from ) id 1gkcis-00052t-Hy for qemu-devel@nongnu.org; Fri, 18 Jan 2019 17:34:49 -0500 Received: from Debian-exim by eggs.gnu.org with spam-scanned (Exim 4.71) (envelope-from ) id 1gkciq-0002Nf-4N for qemu-devel@nongnu.org; Fri, 18 Jan 2019 17:34:46 -0500 Received: from mx1.redhat.com ([209.132.183.28]:50320) by eggs.gnu.org with esmtps (TLS1.0:DHE_RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA1:32) (Exim 4.71) (envelope-from ) id 1gkcip-0002Eb-Rs for qemu-devel@nongnu.org; Fri, 18 Jan 2019 17:34:44 -0500 Received: from smtp.corp.redhat.com (int-mx06.intmail.prod.int.phx2.redhat.com [10.5.11.16]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher AECDH-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by mx1.redhat.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 6758288306; Fri, 18 Jan 2019 22:34:37 +0000 (UTC) Received: from lacos-laptop-7.usersys.redhat.com (ovpn-125-168.rdu2.redhat.com [10.10.125.168]) by smtp.corp.redhat.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4227761D19; Fri, 18 Jan 2019 22:34:33 +0000 (UTC) From: Laszlo Ersek To: qemu devel list Date: Fri, 18 Jan 2019 23:33:58 +0100 Message-Id: <20190118223400.24311-4-lersek@redhat.com> In-Reply-To: <20190118223400.24311-1-lersek@redhat.com> References: <20190118223400.24311-1-lersek@redhat.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Scanned-By: MIMEDefang 2.79 on 10.5.11.16 X-Greylist: Sender IP whitelisted, not delayed by milter-greylist-4.5.16 (mx1.redhat.com [10.5.110.28]); Fri, 18 Jan 2019 22:34:37 +0000 (UTC) X-detected-operating-system: by eggs.gnu.org: GNU/Linux 2.2.x-3.x [generic] X-Received-From: 209.132.183.28 Subject: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH 3/5] tests: introduce "uefi-test-tools" with the BiosTablesTest UEFI app X-BeenThere: qemu-devel@nongnu.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.21 Precedence: list List-Id: List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , Cc: Ard Biesheuvel , "Michael S. Tsirkin" , Shannon Zhao , Gerd Hoffmann , Igor Mammedov , =?utf-8?q?Philippe_Mathieu-Daud?= =?utf-8?b?w6k=?= Errors-To: qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org Sender: "Qemu-devel" The "bios-tables-test" program in QEMU's test suite locates the RSD PTR ACPI table in guest RAM, and (chasing pointers to other ACPI tables) performs various sanity checks on the QEMU-generated and firmware-installed tables. Currently this set of test cases doesn't work with UEFI guests. The ACPI spec defines distinct methods for OSPM to locate the RSD PTR on traditional BIOS vs. UEFI platforms, and the UEFI method is more difficult to implement from the hypervisor side with just raw guest memory access. Add a UEFI application (to be booted in the UEFI guest) that populates a small, MB-aligned structure in guest RAM. The structure begins with a signature GUID. The hypervisor should loop over all MB-aligned pages in guest RAM until one matches the signature GUID at offset 0, at which point the hypervisor can fetch the RSDP address field(s) from the structure. QEMU's test logic currently spins on a pre-determined guest address, until that address assumes a magic value. The method described in this patch is conceptually the same ("busy loop until match is found"), except there is no hard-coded address. This plays a lot more nicely with UEFI guest firmware (we'll be able to use the normal page allocation UEFI service). Given the size of EFI_GUID (16 bytes -- 128 bits), mismatches should be astronomically unlikely. In addition, given the typical guest RAM size for such tests (128 MB), there are 128 locations to check in one iteration of the "outer" loop, which shouldn't introduce an intolerable delay after the guest stores the RSDP address(es), and then the GUID. The GUID that the hypervisor should search for is AB87A6B1-2034-BDA0-71BD-375007757785 Expressed as a byte array: { 0xb1, 0xa6, 0x87, 0xab, 0x34, 0x20, 0xa0, 0xbd, 0x71, 0xbd, 0x37, 0x50, 0x07, 0x75, 0x77, 0x85 } Note that in the patch, we define "gBiosTablesTestGuid" with all bits inverted. This is a simple method to prevent the UEFI binary, which incorporates "gBiosTablesTestGuid", from matching the actual GUID in guest RAM. The UEFI application is written against the edk2 framework, which was introduced earlier as a git submodule. The next patch will provide build scripts for maintainers. The source code follows the edk2 coding style, and is licensed under the 2-clause BSDL (in case someone would like to include UefiTestToolsPkg content in a different edk2 platform). The "UefiTestToolsPkg.dsc" platform description file resolves the used edk2 library classes to instances (= library implementations) such that the UEFI binaries inherit no platform dependencies. They are expected to run on any system that conforms to the UEFI-2.3.1 spec (which was released in 2012). The arch-specific build options are carried over from edk2's ArmVirtPkg and OvmfPkg platforms. Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" Cc: Ard Biesheuvel Cc: Gerd Hoffmann Cc: Igor Mammedov Cc: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé Cc: Shannon Zhao Signed-off-by: Laszlo Ersek --- Notes: If that's necessary, I'd be glad to be designated as Maintainer or Reviewer in "MAINTAINERS" for "tests/uefi-test-tools/", I just couldn't figure out under what subsystem I should add the magic lines. "MAINTAINERS" needs a Table of Contents! :) tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dec | 27 ++++ tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dsc | 69 +++++++++++ tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.inf | 41 ++++++ tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/Include/Guid/BiosTablesTest.h | 67 ++++++++++ tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.c | 130 ++++++++++++++++++++ tests/uefi-test-tools/LICENSE | 25 ++++ 6 files changed, 359 insertions(+) diff --git a/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dec b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dec new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..ed3a2fe11084 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dec @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +## @file +# edk2 package declaration for the test helper UEFI applications that run in +# guests. +# +# Copyright (C) 2019, Red Hat, Inc. +# +# This program and the accompanying materials are licensed and made available +# under the terms and conditions of the BSD License that accompanies this +# distribution. The full text of the license may be found at +# . +# +# THE PROGRAM IS DISTRIBUTED UNDER THE BSD LICENSE ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT +# WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. +## + +[Defines] + DEC_SPECIFICATION = 1.27 + PACKAGE_NAME = UefiTestToolsPkg + PACKAGE_GUID = 7b3f1794-0c85-4b27-a536-44dbf0b0669c + PACKAGE_VERSION = 0.1 + +[Includes] + Include + +[Guids] + gBiosTablesTestGuid = {0x5478594e, 0xdfcb, 0x425f, {0x8e, 0x42, 0xc8, 0xaf, 0xf8, 0x8a, 0x88, 0x7a}} + diff --git a/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dsc b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dsc new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..c8511cd732bc --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dsc @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +## @file +# edk2 platform description for the test helper UEFI applications that run in +# guests. +# +# Copyright (C) 2019, Red Hat, Inc. +# +# This program and the accompanying materials are licensed and made available +# under the terms and conditions of the BSD License that accompanies this +# distribution. The full text of the license may be found at +# . +# +# THE PROGRAM IS DISTRIBUTED UNDER THE BSD LICENSE ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT +# WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. +## + +[Defines] + DSC_SPECIFICATION = 1.28 + PLATFORM_GUID = 6750ccc1-8365-49f0-8437-948e516a9f55 + PLATFORM_VERSION = 0.1 + PLATFORM_NAME = UefiTestTools + SKUID_IDENTIFIER = DEFAULT + SUPPORTED_ARCHITECTURES = ARM|AARCH64|IA32|X64 + BUILD_TARGETS = DEBUG + +[BuildOptions.IA32] + GCC:*_*_IA32_CC_FLAGS = -mno-mmx -mno-sse + +[BuildOptions.X64] + GCC:*_*_X64_CC_FLAGS = -mno-mmx -mno-sse + +[BuildOptions.ARM.EDKII.UEFI_APPLICATION] + GCC:*_*_ARM_DLINK_FLAGS = -z common-page-size=0x1000 + +[BuildOptions.AARCH64.EDKII.UEFI_APPLICATION] + GCC:*_*_AARCH64_DLINK_FLAGS = -z common-page-size=0x1000 + +[BuildOptions] + GCC:*_*_*_CC_FLAGS = -D DISABLE_NEW_DEPRECATED_INTERFACES + +[SkuIds] + 0|DEFAULT + +[LibraryClasses] + BaseLib|MdePkg/Library/BaseLib/BaseLib.inf + DebugLib|MdePkg/Library/UefiDebugLibConOut/UefiDebugLibConOut.inf + DebugPrintErrorLevelLib|MdePkg/Library/BaseDebugPrintErrorLevelLib/BaseDebugPrintErrorLevelLib.inf + DevicePathLib|MdePkg/Library/UefiDevicePathLibDevicePathProtocol/UefiDevicePathLibDevicePathProtocol.inf + MemoryAllocationLib|MdePkg/Library/UefiMemoryAllocationLib/UefiMemoryAllocationLib.inf + PcdLib|MdePkg/Library/BasePcdLibNull/BasePcdLibNull.inf + PrintLib|MdePkg/Library/BasePrintLib/BasePrintLib.inf + UefiApplicationEntryPoint|MdePkg/Library/UefiApplicationEntryPoint/UefiApplicationEntryPoint.inf + UefiBootServicesTableLib|MdePkg/Library/UefiBootServicesTableLib/UefiBootServicesTableLib.inf + UefiLib|MdePkg/Library/UefiLib/UefiLib.inf + UefiRuntimeServicesTableLib|MdePkg/Library/UefiRuntimeServicesTableLib/UefiRuntimeServicesTableLib.inf + +[LibraryClasses.ARM, LibraryClasses.AARCH64] + BaseMemoryLib|MdePkg/Library/BaseMemoryLibOptDxe/BaseMemoryLibOptDxe.inf + NULL|ArmPkg/Library/CompilerIntrinsicsLib/CompilerIntrinsicsLib.inf + NULL|MdePkg/Library/BaseStackCheckLib/BaseStackCheckLib.inf + +[LibraryClasses.IA32, LibraryClasses.X64] + BaseMemoryLib|MdePkg/Library/BaseMemoryLibRepStr/BaseMemoryLibRepStr.inf + +[PcdsFixedAtBuild] + gEfiMdePkgTokenSpaceGuid.PcdDebugPrintErrorLevel|0x8040004F + gEfiMdePkgTokenSpaceGuid.PcdDebugPropertyMask|0x2F + +[Components] + UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.inf diff --git a/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.inf b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.inf new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..924d8a80d00b --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.inf @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +## @file +# Populate the BIOS_TABLES_TEST structure. +# +# Copyright (C) 2019, Red Hat, Inc. +# +# This program and the accompanying materials are licensed and made available +# under the terms and conditions of the BSD License that accompanies this +# distribution. The full text of the license may be found at +# . +# +# THE PROGRAM IS DISTRIBUTED UNDER THE BSD LICENSE ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT +# WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. +## + +[Defines] + INF_VERSION = 1.27 + BASE_NAME = BiosTablesTest + UEFI_SPECIFICATION_VERSION = 2.31 + FILE_GUID = 87f00433-3b7c-45c3-ae78-a56495bd4e62 + MODULE_TYPE = UEFI_APPLICATION + ENTRY_POINT = BiosTablesTestMain + +[Sources] + BiosTablesTest.c + +[LibraryClasses] + BaseLib + BaseMemoryLib + MemoryAllocationLib + UefiApplicationEntryPoint + UefiBootServicesTableLib + UefiLib + +[Guids] + gBiosTablesTestGuid + gEfiAcpi10TableGuid + gEfiAcpi20TableGuid + +[Packages] + MdePkg/MdePkg.dec + UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dec diff --git a/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/Include/Guid/BiosTablesTest.h b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/Include/Guid/BiosTablesTest.h new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..0b72c61254af --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/Include/Guid/BiosTablesTest.h @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +/** @file + Expose the address(es) of the ACPI RSD PTR table(s) in a MB-aligned structure + to the hypervisor. + + The hypervisor locates the MB-aligned structure based on the signature GUID + that is at offset 0 in the structure. Once the RSD PTR address(es) are + retrieved, the hypervisor may perform various ACPI checks. + + This feature is a development aid, for supporting ACPI table unit tests in + hypervisors. Do not enable in production builds. + + Copyright (C) 2019, Red Hat, Inc. + + This program and the accompanying materials are licensed and made available + under the terms and conditions of the BSD License that accompanies this + distribution. The full text of the license may be found at + . + + THE PROGRAM IS DISTRIBUTED UNDER THE BSD LICENSE ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT + WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. +**/ + +#ifndef __BIOS_TABLES_TEST_H__ +#define __BIOS_TABLES_TEST_H__ + +#include + +#define BIOS_TABLES_TEST_GUID \ + { \ + 0x5478594e, \ + 0xdfcb, \ + 0x425f, \ + { 0x8e, 0x42, 0xc8, 0xaf, 0xf8, 0x8a, 0x88, 0x7a } \ + } + +extern EFI_GUID gBiosTablesTestGuid; + +// +// The following structure must be allocated in Boot Services Data type memory, +// aligned at a 1MB boundary. +// +#pragma pack (1) +typedef struct { + // + // The signature GUID is written to the MB-aligned structure from + // gBiosTablesTestGuid, but with all bits inverted. That's the actual GUID + // value that the hypervisor should look for at each MB boundary, looping + // over all guest RAM pages with that alignment, until a match is found. The + // bit-flipping occurs in order not to store the actual GUID in any UEFI + // executable, which might confuse guest memory analysis. Note that EFI_GUID + // has little endian representation. + // + EFI_GUID InverseSignatureGuid; + // + // The Rsdp10 and Rsdp20 fields may be read when the signature GUID matches. + // Rsdp10 is the guest-physical address of the ACPI 1.0 specification RSD PTR + // table, in 8-byte little endian representation. Rsdp20 is the same, for the + // ACPI 2.0 or later specification RSD PTR table. Each of these fields may be + // zero (independently of the other) if the UEFI System Table does not + // provide the corresponding UEFI Configuration Table. + // + EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS Rsdp10; + EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS Rsdp20; +} BIOS_TABLES_TEST; +#pragma pack () + +#endif // __BIOS_TABLES_TEST_H__ diff --git a/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.c b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..b208e17fb00f --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.c @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@ +/** @file + Populate the BIOS_TABLES_TEST structure. + + Copyright (C) 2019, Red Hat, Inc. + + This program and the accompanying materials are licensed and made available + under the terms and conditions of the BSD License that accompanies this + distribution. The full text of the license may be found at + . + + THE PROGRAM IS DISTRIBUTED UNDER THE BSD LICENSE ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT + WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. +**/ + +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +/** + Wait for a keypress with a message that the application is about to exit. +**/ +STATIC +VOID +WaitForExitKeyPress ( + VOID + ) +{ + EFI_STATUS Status; + UINTN Idx; + EFI_INPUT_KEY Key; + + if (gST->ConIn == NULL) { + return; + } + AsciiPrint ("%a: press any key to exit\n", gEfiCallerBaseName); + Status = gBS->WaitForEvent (1, &gST->ConIn->WaitForKey, &Idx); + if (EFI_ERROR (Status)) { + return; + } + gST->ConIn->ReadKeyStroke (gST->ConIn, &Key); +} + +EFI_STATUS +EFIAPI +BiosTablesTestMain ( + IN EFI_HANDLE ImageHandle, + IN EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable + ) +{ + VOID *Pages; + volatile BIOS_TABLES_TEST *BiosTablesTest; + CONST VOID *Rsdp10; + CONST VOID *Rsdp20; + CONST EFI_CONFIGURATION_TABLE *ConfigTable; + CONST EFI_CONFIGURATION_TABLE *ConfigTablesEnd; + volatile EFI_GUID *InverseSignature; + UINTN Idx; + + Pages = AllocateAlignedPages (EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES (sizeof *BiosTablesTest), + SIZE_1MB); + if (Pages == NULL) { + AsciiErrorPrint ("%a: AllocateAlignedPages() failed\n", + gEfiCallerBaseName); + // + // Assuming the application was launched by the boot manager as a boot + // loader, exiting with error will cause the boot manager to proceed with + // the remaining boot options. If there are no other boot options, the boot + // manager menu will be pulled up. Give the user a chance to read the error + // message. + // + WaitForExitKeyPress (); + return EFI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES; + } + + // + // Locate both gEfiAcpi10TableGuid and gEfiAcpi20TableGuid config tables in + // one go. + // + Rsdp10 = NULL; + Rsdp20 = NULL; + ConfigTable = gST->ConfigurationTable; + ConfigTablesEnd = gST->ConfigurationTable + gST->NumberOfTableEntries; + while ((Rsdp10 == NULL || Rsdp20 == NULL) && ConfigTable < ConfigTablesEnd) { + if (CompareGuid (&ConfigTable->VendorGuid, &gEfiAcpi10TableGuid)) { + Rsdp10 = ConfigTable->VendorTable; + } else if (CompareGuid (&ConfigTable->VendorGuid, &gEfiAcpi20TableGuid)) { + Rsdp20 = ConfigTable->VendorTable; + } + ++ConfigTable; + } + + AsciiPrint ("%a: BiosTablesTest=%p Rsdp10=%p Rsdp20=%p\n", + gEfiCallerBaseName, Pages, Rsdp10, Rsdp20); + + // + // Store the RSD PTR address(es) first, then the signature second. + // + BiosTablesTest = Pages; + BiosTablesTest->Rsdp10 = (UINTN)Rsdp10; + BiosTablesTest->Rsdp20 = (UINTN)Rsdp20; + + MemoryFence(); + + InverseSignature = &BiosTablesTest->InverseSignatureGuid; + InverseSignature->Data1 = gBiosTablesTestGuid.Data1; + InverseSignature->Data1 ^= MAX_UINT32; + InverseSignature->Data2 = gBiosTablesTestGuid.Data2; + InverseSignature->Data2 ^= MAX_UINT16; + InverseSignature->Data3 = gBiosTablesTestGuid.Data3; + InverseSignature->Data3 ^= MAX_UINT16; + for (Idx = 0; Idx < sizeof InverseSignature->Data4; ++Idx) { + InverseSignature->Data4[Idx] = gBiosTablesTestGuid.Data4[Idx]; + InverseSignature->Data4[Idx] ^= MAX_UINT8; + } + + // + // The wait below has dual purpose. First, it blocks the application without + // wasting VCPU cycles while the hypervisor is scanning guest RAM. Second, + // assuming the application was launched by the boot manager as a boot + // loader, exiting the app with success causes the boot manager to pull up + // the boot manager menu at once (regardless of other boot options); the wait + // gives the user a chance to read the info printed above. + // + WaitForExitKeyPress (); + return EFI_SUCCESS; +} diff --git a/tests/uefi-test-tools/LICENSE b/tests/uefi-test-tools/LICENSE new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..38b78aecdb0e --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/uefi-test-tools/LICENSE @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +All the files in this directory and subdirectories are released under the +2-Clause BSD License (see header in each file). + +Copyright (C) 2019, Red Hat, Inc. + +Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: + +1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this + list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + +2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, + this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation + and/or other materials provided with the distribution. + +THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND +ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE +DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR +SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER +CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, +OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE +OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.