diff mbox

[2/3,v2] libnftnl: rule: Change the "userdata" attribute to use new TLV buffer.

Message ID 1456763140-15121-2-git-send-email-carlosfg@riseup.net
State Changes Requested
Delegated to: Pablo Neira
Headers show

Commit Message

Carlos Falgueras García Feb. 29, 2016, 4:25 p.m. UTC
Now is it possible to store multiple variable length user data into a rule.
Modify XML and JSON parsers to support this new feature.

Signed-off-by: Carlos Falgueras García <carlosfg@riseup.net>
---
 include/json.h  |   7 ++
 include/utils.h |   2 +
 include/xml.h   |   5 ++
 src/jansson.c   |  41 +++++++++
 src/mxml.c      |  39 ++++++++
 src/rule.c      | 271 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
 src/utils.c     |  45 ++++++++++
 7 files changed, 385 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

Comments

Pablo Neira Ayuso March 2, 2016, 6:41 p.m. UTC | #1
On Mon, Feb 29, 2016 at 05:25:39PM +0100, Carlos Falgueras García wrote:
> Now is it possible to store multiple variable length user data into a rule.
> Modify XML and JSON parsers to support this new feature.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Carlos Falgueras García <carlosfg@riseup.net>
> ---
>  include/json.h  |   7 ++
>  include/utils.h |   2 +
>  include/xml.h   |   5 ++
>  src/jansson.c   |  41 +++++++++
>  src/mxml.c      |  39 ++++++++
>  src/rule.c      | 271 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
>  src/utils.c     |  45 ++++++++++
>  7 files changed, 385 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/include/json.h b/include/json.h
> index bd70cec..8b64f00 100644
> --- a/include/json.h
> +++ b/include/json.h
> @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
>  
>  #ifdef JSON_PARSING
>  #include <jansson.h>
> +#include <libnftnl/attr.h>
>  #include <stdbool.h>
>  #include "common.h"
>  
> @@ -51,6 +52,12 @@ int nftnl_jansson_parse_elem(struct nftnl_set *s, json_t *tree,
>  
>  int nftnl_data_reg_json_parse(union nftnl_data_reg *reg, json_t *data,
>  			    struct nftnl_parse_err *err);
> +
> +int nftnl_jansson_attr_parse(struct nftnl_attrbuf *attrbuf,
> +			     json_t *root,
> +			     struct nftnl_parse_err *err,
> +			     struct nftnl_set_list *set_list);
> +
>  #else
>  #define json_t void
>  #endif
> diff --git a/include/utils.h b/include/utils.h
> index 0087dbb..1bbabff 100644
> --- a/include/utils.h
> +++ b/include/utils.h
> @@ -69,6 +69,8 @@ enum nftnl_type {
>  int nftnl_strtoi(const char *string, int base, void *number, enum nftnl_type type);
>  int nftnl_get_value(enum nftnl_type type, void *val, void *out);
>  
> +char *str2value(const char *str, size_t strlen);
> +
>  const char *nftnl_verdict2str(uint32_t verdict);
>  int nftnl_str2verdict(const char *verdict, int *verdict_num);
>  
> diff --git a/include/xml.h b/include/xml.h
> index 7b33a83..a43ea57 100644
> --- a/include/xml.h
> +++ b/include/xml.h
> @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
>  #ifdef XML_PARSING
>  #include <mxml.h>
>  #include "common.h"
> +#include <libnftnl/attr.h>
>  
>  #define NFTNL_XML_MAND 0
>  #define NFTNL_XML_OPT (1 << 0)
> @@ -51,6 +52,10 @@ int nftnl_mxml_set_parse(mxml_node_t *tree, struct nftnl_set *s,
>  
>  int nftnl_data_reg_xml_parse(union nftnl_data_reg *reg, mxml_node_t *tree,
>  			   struct nftnl_parse_err *err);
> +
> +int nftnl_mxml_attr_parse(struct nftnl_attrbuf *attrbuf, mxml_node_t *tree,
> +			  uint32_t mxml_flags, uint16_t flags,
> +			  struct nftnl_parse_err *err);
>  #else
>  #define mxml_node_t void
>  #endif
> diff --git a/src/jansson.c b/src/jansson.c
> index 3476ed2..9fff7b5 100644
> --- a/src/jansson.c
> +++ b/src/jansson.c
> @@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
>  #include <libnftnl/set.h>
>  
>  #include <libnftnl/expr.h>
> +#include <libnftnl/attr.h>
>  #include <linux/netfilter/nf_tables.h>
>  
>  #ifdef JSON_PARSING
> @@ -276,4 +277,44 @@ int nftnl_jansson_set_elem_parse(struct nftnl_set_elem *e, json_t *root,
>  
>  	return 0;
>  }
> +
> +int nftnl_jansson_attr_parse(struct nftnl_attrbuf *attrbuf,
> +			     json_t *root,
> +			     struct nftnl_parse_err *err,
> +			     struct nftnl_set_list *set_list)
> +{
> +	int ret = 0;
> +	uint8_t type;
> +	uint8_t len;
> +	const char *value_str;
> +	char *value = NULL;
> +
> +	ret = nftnl_jansson_parse_val(root, "type", NFTNL_TYPE_U8, &type, err);
> +	if (ret != 0)
> +		return -1;
> +
> +	ret = nftnl_jansson_parse_val(root, "length", NFTNL_TYPE_U8, &len, err);
> +	if (ret != 0)
> +		return -1;
> +
> +	value_str = nftnl_jansson_parse_str(root, "value", err);
> +	if (ret != 0)
> +		return -1;
> +
> +	if (strlen(value_str) != 2*len)
> +		return -1;
> +
> +	value = str2value(value_str, 2*len);
> +	if (!value) {
> +		perror("nftnl_jansson_attr_parse");
> +		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

You shouldn't call exit() in a library.

Please, pass up the error code as return value.

> +	}
> +
> +	if (!nftnl_attr_put_check(attrbuf, type, len, (void *)value))
> +		ret = -1;
> +
> +	free(value);
> +	return ret;
> +}
> +
>  #endif
> diff --git a/src/mxml.c b/src/mxml.c
> index 51dbf1b..793a89d 100644
> --- a/src/mxml.c
> +++ b/src/mxml.c
> @@ -229,4 +229,43 @@ int nftnl_mxml_family_parse(mxml_node_t *tree, const char *node_name,
>  
>  	return family;
>  }
> +
> +int nftnl_mxml_attr_parse(struct nftnl_attrbuf *attrbuf, mxml_node_t *tree,
> +			  uint32_t mxml_flags, uint16_t flags,
> +			  struct nftnl_parse_err *err)
> +{
> +	int ret = 0;
> +	uint8_t len;
> +	uint8_t type;
> +	const char *value_str;
> +	char *value = NULL;
> +
> +	if (nftnl_mxml_num_parse(tree, "type", mxml_flags, BASE_DEC, &type,
> +				 NFTNL_TYPE_U8, flags, err) < 0)
> +		return -1;
> +
> +	if (nftnl_mxml_num_parse(tree, "length", mxml_flags, BASE_DEC, &len,
> +				 NFTNL_TYPE_U8, flags, err) < 0)
> +		return -1;
> +
> +	value_str = nftnl_mxml_str_parse(tree, "value", mxml_flags, flags, err);
> +	if (value_str == NULL)
> +		return -1;
> +
> +	if (strlen(value_str) != 2*len)
> +		return -1;
> +
> +	value = str2value(value_str, 2*len);
> +	if (!value) {
> +		perror("nftnl_mxml_attr_parse");
> +		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
> +	}
> +
> +	if (!nftnl_attr_put_check(attrbuf, type, len, (void *)value))
> +		ret = -1;
> +
> +	free(value);
> +	return ret;
> +}
> +
>  #endif
> diff --git a/src/rule.c b/src/rule.c
> index 3a32bf6..4a5dc8c 100644
> --- a/src/rule.c
> +++ b/src/rule.c
> @@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
>  #include <netinet/in.h>
>  #include <errno.h>
>  #include <inttypes.h>
> -#include <ctype.h>
>  
>  #include <libmnl/libmnl.h>
>  #include <linux/netfilter/nfnetlink.h>
> @@ -28,6 +27,7 @@
>  #include <libnftnl/rule.h>
>  #include <libnftnl/set.h>
>  #include <libnftnl/expr.h>
> +#include <libnftnl/attr.h>
>  
>  struct nftnl_rule {
>  	struct list_head head;
> @@ -38,10 +38,7 @@ struct nftnl_rule {
>  	const char	*chain;
>  	uint64_t	handle;
>  	uint64_t	position;
> -	struct {
> -			void		*data;
> -			uint32_t	len;
> -	} user;
> +	struct nftnl_attrbuf	*userdata;
>  	struct {
>  			uint32_t	flags;
>  			uint32_t	proto;
> @@ -50,6 +47,15 @@ struct nftnl_rule {
>  	struct list_head expr_list;
>  };
>  
> +static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_data2str(char *buf, size_t size,
> +					   const void *data, size_t datalen);
> +static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_default_attr(char *buf, size_t size,
> +					       const struct nftnl_attr *attr);
> +static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_xml_attr(char *buf, size_t size,
> +					   const struct nftnl_attr *attr);
> +static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_json_attr(char *buf, size_t size,
> +					    const struct nftnl_attr *attr);
> +
>  struct nftnl_rule *nftnl_rule_alloc(void)
>  {
>  	struct nftnl_rule *r;
> @@ -75,6 +81,8 @@ void nftnl_rule_free(struct nftnl_rule *r)
>  		xfree(r->table);
>  	if (r->chain != NULL)
>  		xfree(r->chain);
> +	if (r->flags & (1 << NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA))
> +		nftnl_attrbuf_free(r->userdata);
>  
>  	xfree(r);
>  }
> @@ -162,8 +170,12 @@ void nftnl_rule_set_data(struct nftnl_rule *r, uint16_t attr,
>  		r->position = *((uint64_t *)data);
>  		break;
>  	case NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA:
> -		r->user.data = (void *)data;
> -		r->user.len = data_len;
> +		(r->userdata = nftnl_attrbuf_alloc(data_len));
> +		if (!r->userdata) {
> +			perror("nftnl_rule_set_data - userdata");
> +			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
> +		}
> +		nftnl_attrbuf_copy_data(r->userdata, data, data_len);
>  		break;
>  	}
>  	r->flags |= (1 << attr);
> @@ -221,8 +233,8 @@ const void *nftnl_rule_get_data(const struct nftnl_rule *r, uint16_t attr,
>  		*data_len = sizeof(uint64_t);
>  		return &r->position;
>  	case NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA:
> -		*data_len = r->user.len;
> -		return r->user.data;
> +		*data_len = nftnl_attrbuf_get_len(r->userdata);
> +		return (void *)nftnl_attrbuf_get_data(r->userdata);
>  	}
>  	return NULL;
>  }
> @@ -288,8 +300,9 @@ void nftnl_rule_nlmsg_build_payload(struct nlmsghdr *nlh, struct nftnl_rule *r)
>  	if (r->flags & (1 << NFTNL_RULE_POSITION))
>  		mnl_attr_put_u64(nlh, NFTA_RULE_POSITION, htobe64(r->position));
>  	if (r->flags & (1 << NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA)) {
> -		mnl_attr_put(nlh, NFTA_RULE_USERDATA, r->user.len,
> -			     r->user.data);
> +		mnl_attr_put(nlh, NFTA_RULE_USERDATA,
> +			     nftnl_attrbuf_get_len(r->userdata),
> +			     nftnl_attrbuf_get_data(r->userdata));
>  	}
>  
>  	if (!list_empty(&r->expr_list)) {
> @@ -447,19 +460,17 @@ int nftnl_rule_nlmsg_parse(const struct nlmsghdr *nlh, struct nftnl_rule *r)
>  		r->flags |= (1 << NFTNL_RULE_POSITION);
>  	}
>  	if (tb[NFTA_RULE_USERDATA]) {
> +		uint16_t udata_size;
>  		const void *udata =
>  			mnl_attr_get_payload(tb[NFTA_RULE_USERDATA]);
>  
> -		if (r->user.data)
> -			xfree(r->user.data);
> -
> -		r->user.len = mnl_attr_get_payload_len(tb[NFTA_RULE_USERDATA]);
> +		udata_size = mnl_attr_get_payload_len(tb[NFTA_RULE_USERDATA]);
>  
> -		r->user.data = malloc(r->user.len);
> -		if (r->user.data == NULL)
> +		(r->userdata = nftnl_attrbuf_alloc(udata_size));
> +		if (!r->userdata)
>  			return -1;
> +		nftnl_attrbuf_copy_data(r->userdata, udata, udata_size);
>  
> -		memcpy(r->user.data, udata, r->user.len);
>  		r->flags |= (1 << NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA);
>  	}
>  
> @@ -481,6 +492,7 @@ int nftnl_jansson_parse_rule(struct nftnl_rule *r, json_t *tree,
>  	uint64_t uval64;
>  	uint32_t uval32;
>  	int i, family;
> +	struct nftnl_attrbuf *attrbuf;
>  
>  	root = nftnl_jansson_get_node(tree, "rule", err);
>  	if (root == NULL)
> @@ -557,6 +569,31 @@ int nftnl_jansson_parse_rule(struct nftnl_rule *r, json_t *tree,
>  		nftnl_rule_add_expr(r, e);
>  	}
>  

Please, wrap these code below into a function, eg. nftnl_jansson_udata_parse()

> +	array = json_object_get(root, "userdata");
> +	if (array == NULL) {
> +		err->error = NFTNL_PARSE_EMISSINGNODE;
> +		err->node_name = "userdata";
> +		goto err;
> +	}
> +
> +	attrbuf = nftnl_attrbuf_alloc(NFT_USERDATA_MAXLEN);
> +	if (!attrbuf) {
> +		perror("nftnl_jansson_parse_rule");
> +		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
> +	}
> +
> +	for (i = 0; i < json_array_size(array); ++i) {
> +		if (nftnl_jansson_attr_parse(attrbuf,
> +					     json_array_get(array, i),
> +					     err,
> +					     set_list) < 0)
> +			goto err;
> +	}
> +
> +	nftnl_rule_set_data(r, NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA,
> +			    nftnl_attrbuf_get_data(attrbuf),
> +			    nftnl_attrbuf_get_len(attrbuf));
> +
>  	return 0;
>  err:
>  	return -1;
> @@ -592,7 +629,7 @@ int nftnl_mxml_rule_parse(mxml_node_t *tree, struct nftnl_rule *r,
>  			struct nftnl_parse_err *err,
>  			struct nftnl_set_list *set_list)
>  {
> -	mxml_node_t *node;
> +	mxml_node_t *node, *node_ud;
>  	struct nftnl_expr *e;
>  	const char *table, *chain;
>  	int family;
> @@ -649,6 +686,35 @@ int nftnl_mxml_rule_parse(mxml_node_t *tree, struct nftnl_rule *r,
>  		nftnl_rule_add_expr(r, e);
>  	}
>  
> +	node_ud = mxmlFindElement(tree, tree, "userdata", NULL, NULL,
> +				  MXML_DESCEND);
> +	if (node_ud) {

Please, wrap these code below into a function, eg. nftnl_mxml_udata_parse()

> +		struct nftnl_attrbuf *attrbuf;
> +
> +		attrbuf = nftnl_attrbuf_alloc(NFT_USERDATA_MAXLEN);
> +		if (!attrbuf) {
> +			perror("nftnl_mxml_rule_parse");
> +			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
> +		}
> +
> +		/* Iterate over attributes */
> +		for (
> +			node = mxmlFindElement(node_ud, node_ud, "attr", NULL,
> +				NULL, MXML_DESCEND);
> +			node != NULL;
> +			node = mxmlFindElement(node, node_ud, "attr", NULL,
> +				NULL, MXML_DESCEND)
> +		) {
> +			if (nftnl_mxml_attr_parse(attrbuf, node,
> +					MXML_DESCEND_FIRST, r->flags, err) < 0)
> +				return -1;
> +		}
> +
> +		nftnl_rule_set_data(r, NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA,
> +				    nftnl_attrbuf_get_data(attrbuf),
> +				    nftnl_attrbuf_get_len(attrbuf));
> +	}
> +
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  #endif
> @@ -711,6 +777,21 @@ int nftnl_rule_parse_file(struct nftnl_rule *r, enum nftnl_parse_type type,
>  }
>  EXPORT_SYMBOL_ALIAS(nftnl_rule_parse_file, nft_rule_parse_file);
>  
> +static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_data2str(char *buf, size_t size,
> +					   const void *data, size_t datalen)
> +{
> +	int i;
> +	size_t ret, len = size, offset = 0;
> +	const unsigned char *str = data;
> +
> +	for (i = 0; i < datalen; i++) {
> +		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "%02X", str[i]);
> +		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
> +	}
> +
> +	return offset;
> +}
> +
>  static int nftnl_rule_snprintf_json(char *buf, size_t size, struct nftnl_rule *r,
>  					 uint32_t type, uint32_t flags)
>  {
> @@ -757,6 +838,31 @@ static int nftnl_rule_snprintf_json(char *buf, size_t size, struct nftnl_rule *r
>  		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>  	}
>  
> +	if (r->flags & (1 << NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA)) {
> +		const struct nftnl_attr *attr;
> +
> +		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "\"userdata\":[");
> +		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
> +
> +		nftnl_attr_for_each(attr, r->userdata) {
> +			ret = nftnl_rule_snprintf_json_attr(buf+offset, len,
> +							    attr);
> +			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
> +
> +			ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, ",");
> +			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
> +		}
> +		/* delete last comma */
> +		buf[offset-1] = '\0';
> +		offset--;
> +		size--;
> +		len++;
> +
> +		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "],\n");
> +		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
> +
> +	}
> +
>  	ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "\"expr\":[");
>  	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>  
> @@ -849,17 +955,123 @@ static int nftnl_rule_snprintf_xml(char *buf, size_t size, struct nftnl_rule *r,
>  		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>  
>  	}
> +
> +	if (r->flags & (1 << NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA)) {
> +		const struct nftnl_attr *attr;
> +
> +		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "<userdata>");
> +		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
> +
> +		nftnl_attr_for_each(attr, r->userdata) {
> +			ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "<attr>");
> +			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
> +
> +			ret = nftnl_rule_snprintf_xml_attr(buf+offset, len,
> +							    attr);
> +			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
> +
> +			ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "</attr>");
> +			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
> +		}
> +
> +		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "</userdata>");
> +		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
> +	}
> +
>  	ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "</rule>");
>  	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>  
>  	return offset;
>  }
>  
> +static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_xml_attr(char *buf, size_t size,
> +					   const struct nftnl_attr *attr)
[...]
> +static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_json_attr(char *buf, size_t size,
> +					    const struct nftnl_attr *attr)

You can consolidate these two functions into one using the NFTNL_BUF_*
API.

> diff --git a/src/utils.c b/src/utils.c
> index ba36bc4..0cac4b6 100644
> --- a/src/utils.c
> +++ b/src/utils.c
> @@ -139,6 +139,51 @@ int nftnl_strtoi(const char *string, int base, void *out, enum nftnl_type type)
>  	return ret;
>  }
>  
> +static int hex2char(char *out, char c)
> +{
> +	/* numbers */
> +	if (c >= 0x30 && c <= 0x39)
> +		*out = c - 0x30;
> +	/* lowercase characters */
> +	else if (c >= 0x61 && c <= 0x66)
> +		*out = c - 0x61 + 10;
> +	/* uppercase characters */
> +	else if (c >= 0x41 && c <= 0x46)
> +		*out = c - 0x41 + 10;
> +	else {
> +		errno = EINVAL;
> +		return 0;
> +	}

You can just print data in hexadecimal, so we can get rid of this.
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Carlos Falgueras García March 8, 2016, 9:58 a.m. UTC | #2
On 02/03/16 19:41, Pablo Neira Ayuso wrote:
> On Mon, Feb 29, 2016 at 05:25:39PM +0100, Carlos Falgueras García wrote:
>
> Please, wrap these code below into a function, eg. nftnl_jansson_udata_parse()
>
>> +	array = json_object_get(root, "userdata");
>> +	if (array == NULL) {
>> +		err->error = NFTNL_PARSE_EMISSINGNODE;
>> +		err->node_name = "userdata";
>> +		goto err;
>> +	}
>> +
>> +	attrbuf = nftnl_attrbuf_alloc(NFT_USERDATA_MAXLEN);
>> +	if (!attrbuf) {
>> +		perror("nftnl_jansson_parse_rule");
>> +		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
>> +	}
>> +
>> +	for (i = 0; i < json_array_size(array); ++i) {
>> +		if (nftnl_jansson_attr_parse(attrbuf,
>> +					     json_array_get(array, i),
>> +					     err,
>> +					     set_list) < 0)
>> +			goto err;
>> +	}
>> +
>> +	nftnl_rule_set_data(r, NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA,
>> +			    nftnl_attrbuf_get_data(attrbuf),
>> +			    nftnl_attrbuf_get_len(attrbuf));
>> +
>>   	return 0;
>>   err:
>>   	return -1;
>> @@ -592,7 +629,7 @@ int nftnl_mxml_rule_parse(mxml_node_t *tree, struct nftnl_rule *r,
>>   			struct nftnl_parse_err *err,
>>   			struct nftnl_set_list *set_list)
>>   {
>> -	mxml_node_t *node;
>> +	mxml_node_t *node, *node_ud;
>>   	struct nftnl_expr *e;
>>   	const char *table, *chain;
>>   	int family;
>> @@ -649,6 +686,35 @@ int nftnl_mxml_rule_parse(mxml_node_t *tree, struct nftnl_rule *r,
>>   		nftnl_rule_add_expr(r, e);
>>   	}
>>
>> +	node_ud = mxmlFindElement(tree, tree, "userdata", NULL, NULL,
>> +				  MXML_DESCEND);
>> +	if (node_ud) {
>
> Please, wrap these code below into a function, eg. nftnl_mxml_udata_parse()
>
>> +		struct nftnl_attrbuf *attrbuf;
>> +
>> +		attrbuf = nftnl_attrbuf_alloc(NFT_USERDATA_MAXLEN);
>> +		if (!attrbuf) {
>> +			perror("nftnl_mxml_rule_parse");
>> +			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
>> +		}
>> +
>> +		/* Iterate over attributes */
>> +		for (
>> +			node = mxmlFindElement(node_ud, node_ud, "attr", NULL,
>> +				NULL, MXML_DESCEND);
>> +			node != NULL;
>> +			node = mxmlFindElement(node, node_ud, "attr", NULL,
>> +				NULL, MXML_DESCEND)
>> +		) {
>> +			if (nftnl_mxml_attr_parse(attrbuf, node,
>> +					MXML_DESCEND_FIRST, r->flags, err) < 0)
>> +				return -1;
>> +		}
>> +
>> +		nftnl_rule_set_data(r, NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA,
>> +				    nftnl_attrbuf_get_data(attrbuf),
>> +				    nftnl_attrbuf_get_len(attrbuf));
>> +	}
>> +
>>   	return 0;
>>   }
>>   #endif
>> @@ -711,6 +777,21 @@ int nftnl_rule_parse_file(struct nftnl_rule *r, enum nftnl_parse_type type,
>>   }
>>   EXPORT_SYMBOL_ALIAS(nftnl_rule_parse_file, nft_rule_parse_file);
>>
>> +static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_data2str(char *buf, size_t size,
>> +					   const void *data, size_t datalen)
>> +{
>> +	int i;
>> +	size_t ret, len = size, offset = 0;
>> +	const unsigned char *str = data;
>> +
>> +	for (i = 0; i < datalen; i++) {
>> +		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "%02X", str[i]);
>> +		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>> +	}
>> +
>> +	return offset;
>> +}
>> +
>>   static int nftnl_rule_snprintf_json(char *buf, size_t size, struct nftnl_rule *r,
>>   					 uint32_t type, uint32_t flags)
>>   {
>> @@ -757,6 +838,31 @@ static int nftnl_rule_snprintf_json(char *buf, size_t size, struct nftnl_rule *r
>>   		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>>   	}
>>
>> +	if (r->flags & (1 << NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA)) {
>> +		const struct nftnl_attr *attr;
>> +
>> +		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "\"userdata\":[");
>> +		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>> +
>> +		nftnl_attr_for_each(attr, r->userdata) {
>> +			ret = nftnl_rule_snprintf_json_attr(buf+offset, len,
>> +							    attr);
>> +			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>> +
>> +			ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, ",");
>> +			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>> +		}
>> +		/* delete last comma */
>> +		buf[offset-1] = '\0';
>> +		offset--;
>> +		size--;
>> +		len++;
>> +
>> +		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "],\n");
>> +		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>> +
>> +	}
>> +
>>   	ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "\"expr\":[");
>>   	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>>
>> @@ -849,17 +955,123 @@ static int nftnl_rule_snprintf_xml(char *buf, size_t size, struct nftnl_rule *r,
>>   		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>>
>>   	}
>> +
>> +	if (r->flags & (1 << NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA)) {
>> +		const struct nftnl_attr *attr;
>> +
>> +		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "<userdata>");
>> +		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>> +
>> +		nftnl_attr_for_each(attr, r->userdata) {
>> +			ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "<attr>");
>> +			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>> +
>> +			ret = nftnl_rule_snprintf_xml_attr(buf+offset, len,
>> +							    attr);
>> +			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>> +
>> +			ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "</attr>");
>> +			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>> +		}
>> +
>> +		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "</userdata>");
>> +		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>> +	}
>> +
>>   	ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "</rule>");
>>   	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
>>
>>   	return offset;
>>   }
>>
>> +static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_xml_attr(char *buf, size_t size,
>> +					   const struct nftnl_attr *attr)
> [...]
>> +static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_json_attr(char *buf, size_t size,
>> +					    const struct nftnl_attr *attr)
>
> You can consolidate these two functions into one using the NFTNL_BUF_*
> API.
>

If I wrap these functions in this patch, the new code structure will 
differ from the one already there. Maybe it is better if I do a complete 
refactor in a different patch?

>> diff --git a/src/utils.c b/src/utils.c
>> index ba36bc4..0cac4b6 100644
>> --- a/src/utils.c
>> +++ b/src/utils.c
>> @@ -139,6 +139,51 @@ int nftnl_strtoi(const char *string, int base, void *out, enum nftnl_type type)
>>   	return ret;
>>   }
>>
>> +static int hex2char(char *out, char c)
>> +{
>> +	/* numbers */
>> +	if (c >= 0x30 && c <= 0x39)
>> +		*out = c - 0x30;
>> +	/* lowercase characters */
>> +	else if (c >= 0x61 && c <= 0x66)
>> +		*out = c - 0x61 + 10;
>> +	/* uppercase characters */
>> +	else if (c >= 0x41 && c <= 0x46)
>> +		*out = c - 0x41 + 10;
>> +	else {
>> +		errno = EINVAL;
>> +		return 0;
>> +	}
>
> You can just print data in hexadecimal, so we can get rid of this.
>

This functions is not for print, it is for parse an hexadecimal 
character (maybe i must find a better name?). I'm printing the user data 
in hexadecimal with snprintf("%02X") and later I'm parsing it character 
by character with this function. There is other possible solutions with 
strtoul, atoi or sscanf, but these can't convert a single byte so they 
are endian dependient.
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Pablo Neira Ayuso March 8, 2016, 10:12 a.m. UTC | #3
On Tue, Mar 08, 2016 at 10:58:11AM +0100, Carlos Falgueras García wrote:
> On 02/03/16 19:41, Pablo Neira Ayuso wrote:
> >You can consolidate these two functions into one using the NFTNL_BUF_*
> >API.
> 
> If I wrap these functions in this patch, the new code structure will differ
> from the one already there. Maybe it is better if I do a complete refactor
> in a different patch?

OK, you follow up to clean up/consolidate this code.
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diff mbox

Patch

diff --git a/include/json.h b/include/json.h
index bd70cec..8b64f00 100644
--- a/include/json.h
+++ b/include/json.h
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ 
 
 #ifdef JSON_PARSING
 #include <jansson.h>
+#include <libnftnl/attr.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include "common.h"
 
@@ -51,6 +52,12 @@  int nftnl_jansson_parse_elem(struct nftnl_set *s, json_t *tree,
 
 int nftnl_data_reg_json_parse(union nftnl_data_reg *reg, json_t *data,
 			    struct nftnl_parse_err *err);
+
+int nftnl_jansson_attr_parse(struct nftnl_attrbuf *attrbuf,
+			     json_t *root,
+			     struct nftnl_parse_err *err,
+			     struct nftnl_set_list *set_list);
+
 #else
 #define json_t void
 #endif
diff --git a/include/utils.h b/include/utils.h
index 0087dbb..1bbabff 100644
--- a/include/utils.h
+++ b/include/utils.h
@@ -69,6 +69,8 @@  enum nftnl_type {
 int nftnl_strtoi(const char *string, int base, void *number, enum nftnl_type type);
 int nftnl_get_value(enum nftnl_type type, void *val, void *out);
 
+char *str2value(const char *str, size_t strlen);
+
 const char *nftnl_verdict2str(uint32_t verdict);
 int nftnl_str2verdict(const char *verdict, int *verdict_num);
 
diff --git a/include/xml.h b/include/xml.h
index 7b33a83..a43ea57 100644
--- a/include/xml.h
+++ b/include/xml.h
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ 
 #ifdef XML_PARSING
 #include <mxml.h>
 #include "common.h"
+#include <libnftnl/attr.h>
 
 #define NFTNL_XML_MAND 0
 #define NFTNL_XML_OPT (1 << 0)
@@ -51,6 +52,10 @@  int nftnl_mxml_set_parse(mxml_node_t *tree, struct nftnl_set *s,
 
 int nftnl_data_reg_xml_parse(union nftnl_data_reg *reg, mxml_node_t *tree,
 			   struct nftnl_parse_err *err);
+
+int nftnl_mxml_attr_parse(struct nftnl_attrbuf *attrbuf, mxml_node_t *tree,
+			  uint32_t mxml_flags, uint16_t flags,
+			  struct nftnl_parse_err *err);
 #else
 #define mxml_node_t void
 #endif
diff --git a/src/jansson.c b/src/jansson.c
index 3476ed2..9fff7b5 100644
--- a/src/jansson.c
+++ b/src/jansson.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ 
 #include <libnftnl/set.h>
 
 #include <libnftnl/expr.h>
+#include <libnftnl/attr.h>
 #include <linux/netfilter/nf_tables.h>
 
 #ifdef JSON_PARSING
@@ -276,4 +277,44 @@  int nftnl_jansson_set_elem_parse(struct nftnl_set_elem *e, json_t *root,
 
 	return 0;
 }
+
+int nftnl_jansson_attr_parse(struct nftnl_attrbuf *attrbuf,
+			     json_t *root,
+			     struct nftnl_parse_err *err,
+			     struct nftnl_set_list *set_list)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	uint8_t type;
+	uint8_t len;
+	const char *value_str;
+	char *value = NULL;
+
+	ret = nftnl_jansson_parse_val(root, "type", NFTNL_TYPE_U8, &type, err);
+	if (ret != 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	ret = nftnl_jansson_parse_val(root, "length", NFTNL_TYPE_U8, &len, err);
+	if (ret != 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	value_str = nftnl_jansson_parse_str(root, "value", err);
+	if (ret != 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (strlen(value_str) != 2*len)
+		return -1;
+
+	value = str2value(value_str, 2*len);
+	if (!value) {
+		perror("nftnl_jansson_attr_parse");
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	if (!nftnl_attr_put_check(attrbuf, type, len, (void *)value))
+		ret = -1;
+
+	free(value);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 #endif
diff --git a/src/mxml.c b/src/mxml.c
index 51dbf1b..793a89d 100644
--- a/src/mxml.c
+++ b/src/mxml.c
@@ -229,4 +229,43 @@  int nftnl_mxml_family_parse(mxml_node_t *tree, const char *node_name,
 
 	return family;
 }
+
+int nftnl_mxml_attr_parse(struct nftnl_attrbuf *attrbuf, mxml_node_t *tree,
+			  uint32_t mxml_flags, uint16_t flags,
+			  struct nftnl_parse_err *err)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	uint8_t len;
+	uint8_t type;
+	const char *value_str;
+	char *value = NULL;
+
+	if (nftnl_mxml_num_parse(tree, "type", mxml_flags, BASE_DEC, &type,
+				 NFTNL_TYPE_U8, flags, err) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (nftnl_mxml_num_parse(tree, "length", mxml_flags, BASE_DEC, &len,
+				 NFTNL_TYPE_U8, flags, err) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	value_str = nftnl_mxml_str_parse(tree, "value", mxml_flags, flags, err);
+	if (value_str == NULL)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (strlen(value_str) != 2*len)
+		return -1;
+
+	value = str2value(value_str, 2*len);
+	if (!value) {
+		perror("nftnl_mxml_attr_parse");
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	if (!nftnl_attr_put_check(attrbuf, type, len, (void *)value))
+		ret = -1;
+
+	free(value);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 #endif
diff --git a/src/rule.c b/src/rule.c
index 3a32bf6..4a5dc8c 100644
--- a/src/rule.c
+++ b/src/rule.c
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ 
 #include <netinet/in.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
-#include <ctype.h>
 
 #include <libmnl/libmnl.h>
 #include <linux/netfilter/nfnetlink.h>
@@ -28,6 +27,7 @@ 
 #include <libnftnl/rule.h>
 #include <libnftnl/set.h>
 #include <libnftnl/expr.h>
+#include <libnftnl/attr.h>
 
 struct nftnl_rule {
 	struct list_head head;
@@ -38,10 +38,7 @@  struct nftnl_rule {
 	const char	*chain;
 	uint64_t	handle;
 	uint64_t	position;
-	struct {
-			void		*data;
-			uint32_t	len;
-	} user;
+	struct nftnl_attrbuf	*userdata;
 	struct {
 			uint32_t	flags;
 			uint32_t	proto;
@@ -50,6 +47,15 @@  struct nftnl_rule {
 	struct list_head expr_list;
 };
 
+static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_data2str(char *buf, size_t size,
+					   const void *data, size_t datalen);
+static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_default_attr(char *buf, size_t size,
+					       const struct nftnl_attr *attr);
+static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_xml_attr(char *buf, size_t size,
+					   const struct nftnl_attr *attr);
+static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_json_attr(char *buf, size_t size,
+					    const struct nftnl_attr *attr);
+
 struct nftnl_rule *nftnl_rule_alloc(void)
 {
 	struct nftnl_rule *r;
@@ -75,6 +81,8 @@  void nftnl_rule_free(struct nftnl_rule *r)
 		xfree(r->table);
 	if (r->chain != NULL)
 		xfree(r->chain);
+	if (r->flags & (1 << NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA))
+		nftnl_attrbuf_free(r->userdata);
 
 	xfree(r);
 }
@@ -162,8 +170,12 @@  void nftnl_rule_set_data(struct nftnl_rule *r, uint16_t attr,
 		r->position = *((uint64_t *)data);
 		break;
 	case NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA:
-		r->user.data = (void *)data;
-		r->user.len = data_len;
+		(r->userdata = nftnl_attrbuf_alloc(data_len));
+		if (!r->userdata) {
+			perror("nftnl_rule_set_data - userdata");
+			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+		}
+		nftnl_attrbuf_copy_data(r->userdata, data, data_len);
 		break;
 	}
 	r->flags |= (1 << attr);
@@ -221,8 +233,8 @@  const void *nftnl_rule_get_data(const struct nftnl_rule *r, uint16_t attr,
 		*data_len = sizeof(uint64_t);
 		return &r->position;
 	case NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA:
-		*data_len = r->user.len;
-		return r->user.data;
+		*data_len = nftnl_attrbuf_get_len(r->userdata);
+		return (void *)nftnl_attrbuf_get_data(r->userdata);
 	}
 	return NULL;
 }
@@ -288,8 +300,9 @@  void nftnl_rule_nlmsg_build_payload(struct nlmsghdr *nlh, struct nftnl_rule *r)
 	if (r->flags & (1 << NFTNL_RULE_POSITION))
 		mnl_attr_put_u64(nlh, NFTA_RULE_POSITION, htobe64(r->position));
 	if (r->flags & (1 << NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA)) {
-		mnl_attr_put(nlh, NFTA_RULE_USERDATA, r->user.len,
-			     r->user.data);
+		mnl_attr_put(nlh, NFTA_RULE_USERDATA,
+			     nftnl_attrbuf_get_len(r->userdata),
+			     nftnl_attrbuf_get_data(r->userdata));
 	}
 
 	if (!list_empty(&r->expr_list)) {
@@ -447,19 +460,17 @@  int nftnl_rule_nlmsg_parse(const struct nlmsghdr *nlh, struct nftnl_rule *r)
 		r->flags |= (1 << NFTNL_RULE_POSITION);
 	}
 	if (tb[NFTA_RULE_USERDATA]) {
+		uint16_t udata_size;
 		const void *udata =
 			mnl_attr_get_payload(tb[NFTA_RULE_USERDATA]);
 
-		if (r->user.data)
-			xfree(r->user.data);
-
-		r->user.len = mnl_attr_get_payload_len(tb[NFTA_RULE_USERDATA]);
+		udata_size = mnl_attr_get_payload_len(tb[NFTA_RULE_USERDATA]);
 
-		r->user.data = malloc(r->user.len);
-		if (r->user.data == NULL)
+		(r->userdata = nftnl_attrbuf_alloc(udata_size));
+		if (!r->userdata)
 			return -1;
+		nftnl_attrbuf_copy_data(r->userdata, udata, udata_size);
 
-		memcpy(r->user.data, udata, r->user.len);
 		r->flags |= (1 << NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA);
 	}
 
@@ -481,6 +492,7 @@  int nftnl_jansson_parse_rule(struct nftnl_rule *r, json_t *tree,
 	uint64_t uval64;
 	uint32_t uval32;
 	int i, family;
+	struct nftnl_attrbuf *attrbuf;
 
 	root = nftnl_jansson_get_node(tree, "rule", err);
 	if (root == NULL)
@@ -557,6 +569,31 @@  int nftnl_jansson_parse_rule(struct nftnl_rule *r, json_t *tree,
 		nftnl_rule_add_expr(r, e);
 	}
 
+	array = json_object_get(root, "userdata");
+	if (array == NULL) {
+		err->error = NFTNL_PARSE_EMISSINGNODE;
+		err->node_name = "userdata";
+		goto err;
+	}
+
+	attrbuf = nftnl_attrbuf_alloc(NFT_USERDATA_MAXLEN);
+	if (!attrbuf) {
+		perror("nftnl_jansson_parse_rule");
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < json_array_size(array); ++i) {
+		if (nftnl_jansson_attr_parse(attrbuf,
+					     json_array_get(array, i),
+					     err,
+					     set_list) < 0)
+			goto err;
+	}
+
+	nftnl_rule_set_data(r, NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA,
+			    nftnl_attrbuf_get_data(attrbuf),
+			    nftnl_attrbuf_get_len(attrbuf));
+
 	return 0;
 err:
 	return -1;
@@ -592,7 +629,7 @@  int nftnl_mxml_rule_parse(mxml_node_t *tree, struct nftnl_rule *r,
 			struct nftnl_parse_err *err,
 			struct nftnl_set_list *set_list)
 {
-	mxml_node_t *node;
+	mxml_node_t *node, *node_ud;
 	struct nftnl_expr *e;
 	const char *table, *chain;
 	int family;
@@ -649,6 +686,35 @@  int nftnl_mxml_rule_parse(mxml_node_t *tree, struct nftnl_rule *r,
 		nftnl_rule_add_expr(r, e);
 	}
 
+	node_ud = mxmlFindElement(tree, tree, "userdata", NULL, NULL,
+				  MXML_DESCEND);
+	if (node_ud) {
+		struct nftnl_attrbuf *attrbuf;
+
+		attrbuf = nftnl_attrbuf_alloc(NFT_USERDATA_MAXLEN);
+		if (!attrbuf) {
+			perror("nftnl_mxml_rule_parse");
+			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+		}
+
+		/* Iterate over attributes */
+		for (
+			node = mxmlFindElement(node_ud, node_ud, "attr", NULL,
+				NULL, MXML_DESCEND);
+			node != NULL;
+			node = mxmlFindElement(node, node_ud, "attr", NULL,
+				NULL, MXML_DESCEND)
+		) {
+			if (nftnl_mxml_attr_parse(attrbuf, node,
+					MXML_DESCEND_FIRST, r->flags, err) < 0)
+				return -1;
+		}
+
+		nftnl_rule_set_data(r, NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA,
+				    nftnl_attrbuf_get_data(attrbuf),
+				    nftnl_attrbuf_get_len(attrbuf));
+	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 #endif
@@ -711,6 +777,21 @@  int nftnl_rule_parse_file(struct nftnl_rule *r, enum nftnl_parse_type type,
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_ALIAS(nftnl_rule_parse_file, nft_rule_parse_file);
 
+static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_data2str(char *buf, size_t size,
+					   const void *data, size_t datalen)
+{
+	int i;
+	size_t ret, len = size, offset = 0;
+	const unsigned char *str = data;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < datalen; i++) {
+		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "%02X", str[i]);
+		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+	}
+
+	return offset;
+}
+
 static int nftnl_rule_snprintf_json(char *buf, size_t size, struct nftnl_rule *r,
 					 uint32_t type, uint32_t flags)
 {
@@ -757,6 +838,31 @@  static int nftnl_rule_snprintf_json(char *buf, size_t size, struct nftnl_rule *r
 		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
 	}
 
+	if (r->flags & (1 << NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA)) {
+		const struct nftnl_attr *attr;
+
+		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "\"userdata\":[");
+		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+		nftnl_attr_for_each(attr, r->userdata) {
+			ret = nftnl_rule_snprintf_json_attr(buf+offset, len,
+							    attr);
+			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+			ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, ",");
+			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+		}
+		/* delete last comma */
+		buf[offset-1] = '\0';
+		offset--;
+		size--;
+		len++;
+
+		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "],\n");
+		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+	}
+
 	ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "\"expr\":[");
 	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
 
@@ -849,17 +955,123 @@  static int nftnl_rule_snprintf_xml(char *buf, size_t size, struct nftnl_rule *r,
 		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
 
 	}
+
+	if (r->flags & (1 << NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA)) {
+		const struct nftnl_attr *attr;
+
+		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "<userdata>");
+		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+		nftnl_attr_for_each(attr, r->userdata) {
+			ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "<attr>");
+			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+			ret = nftnl_rule_snprintf_xml_attr(buf+offset, len,
+							    attr);
+			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+			ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "</attr>");
+			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+		}
+
+		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "</userdata>");
+		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+	}
+
 	ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "</rule>");
 	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
 
 	return offset;
 }
 
+static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_xml_attr(char *buf, size_t size,
+					   const struct nftnl_attr *attr)
+{
+	size_t ret, len = size, offset = 0;
+
+	uint8_t atype = nftnl_attr_get_type(attr);
+	uint8_t alen  = nftnl_attr_get_len(attr);
+	void   *aval  = nftnl_attr_get_value(attr);
+
+	/* type */
+	ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "<type>%d</type>", atype);
+	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+	/* len */
+	ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "<length>%d</length>", alen);
+	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+	/* value */
+	ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "<value>\"");
+	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+	ret = nftnl_rule_snprintf_data2str(buf+offset, len, aval, alen);
+	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+	ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "\"</value>");
+	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+	return offset;
+}
+
+static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_json_attr(char *buf, size_t size,
+					    const struct nftnl_attr *attr)
+{
+	size_t ret, len = size, offset = 0;
+
+	uint8_t atype = nftnl_attr_get_type(attr);
+	uint8_t alen  = nftnl_attr_get_len(attr);
+	void   *aval  = nftnl_attr_get_value(attr);
+
+	/* type */
+	ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "{\"type\":%d,", atype);
+	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+	/* len */
+	ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "\"length\":%d,", alen);
+	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+	/* value */
+	ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "\"value\":\"");
+	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+	ret = nftnl_rule_snprintf_data2str(buf+offset, len, aval, alen);
+	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+	ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "\"}");
+	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+	return offset;
+}
+
+static size_t nftnl_rule_snprintf_default_attr(char *buf, size_t size,
+					       const struct nftnl_attr *attr)
+{
+	size_t ret, len = size, offset = 0;
+
+	uint8_t atype = nftnl_attr_get_type(attr);
+	uint8_t alen  = nftnl_attr_get_len(attr);
+	void   *aval  = nftnl_attr_get_value(attr);
+
+	/* type */
+	ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "{%d:\"", atype);
+	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+	/* value */
+	ret = nftnl_rule_snprintf_data2str(buf+offset, len, aval, alen);
+	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+	ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "\"}");
+	SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
+
+	return offset;
+}
+
 static int nftnl_rule_snprintf_default(char *buf, size_t size, struct nftnl_rule *r,
 				     uint32_t type, uint32_t flags)
 {
 	struct nftnl_expr *expr;
-	int ret, len = size, offset = 0, i;
+	int ret, len = size, offset = 0;
 
 	if (r->flags & (1 << NFTNL_RULE_FAMILY)) {
 		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "%s ",
@@ -905,17 +1117,26 @@  static int nftnl_rule_snprintf_default(char *buf, size_t size, struct nftnl_rule
 		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
 	}
 
-	if (r->user.len) {
+
+	if (r->flags & (1 << NFTNL_RULE_USERDATA)) {
+		const struct nftnl_attr *attr;
+
 		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "  userdata = { ");
 		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
 
-		for (i = 0; i < r->user.len; i++) {
-			char *c = r->user.data;
+		nftnl_attr_for_each(attr, r->userdata) {
+			ret = nftnl_rule_snprintf_default_attr(buf+offset,
+							       len, attr);
+			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
 
-			ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, "%c",
-				       isalnum(c[i]) ? c[i] : 0);
+			ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, ",");
 			SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
 		}
+		/* delete last comma */
+		buf[offset-1] = '\0';
+		offset--;
+		size--;
+		len++;
 
 		ret = snprintf(buf+offset, len, " }\n");
 		SNPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE(ret, size, len, offset);
diff --git a/src/utils.c b/src/utils.c
index ba36bc4..0cac4b6 100644
--- a/src/utils.c
+++ b/src/utils.c
@@ -139,6 +139,51 @@  int nftnl_strtoi(const char *string, int base, void *out, enum nftnl_type type)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static int hex2char(char *out, char c)
+{
+	/* numbers */
+	if (c >= 0x30 && c <= 0x39)
+		*out = c - 0x30;
+	/* lowercase characters */
+	else if (c >= 0x61 && c <= 0x66)
+		*out = c - 0x61 + 10;
+	/* uppercase characters */
+	else if (c >= 0x41 && c <= 0x46)
+		*out = c - 0x41 + 10;
+	else {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+char *str2value(const char *str, size_t strlen)
+{
+	char *value;
+	size_t i;
+	char d0;
+	char d1;
+
+
+	value = (char *)malloc(strlen/2);
+	if (!value)
+		return NULL;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < strlen/2; i++) {
+		if (!hex2char(&d0, str[2*i + 0]) ||
+		    !hex2char(&d1, str[2*i + 1])
+		) {
+			free(value);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+
+		value[i] = d0*16 + d1;
+	}
+
+	return value;
+}
+
 const char *nftnl_verdict2str(uint32_t verdict)
 {
 	switch (verdict) {