diff --git a/drivers/net/ethernet/intel/ixgbe/ixgbe_main.c b/drivers/net/ethernet/intel/ixgbe/ixgbe_main.c
index e6e9b28ecfba..f78096ed4c86 100644
--- a/drivers/net/ethernet/intel/ixgbe/ixgbe_main.c
+++ b/drivers/net/ethernet/intel/ixgbe/ixgbe_main.c
@@ -2252,7 +2252,7 @@ static struct sk_buff *ixgbe_build_skb(struct ixgbe_ring *rx_ring,
 #define IXGBE_XDP_TX 2
 
 static int ixgbe_xmit_xdp_ring(struct ixgbe_adapter *adapter,
-			       struct xdp_buff *xdp);
+			       struct xdp_frame *xdpf);
 
 static struct sk_buff *ixgbe_run_xdp(struct ixgbe_adapter *adapter,
 				     struct ixgbe_ring *rx_ring,
@@ -2260,6 +2260,7 @@ static struct sk_buff *ixgbe_run_xdp(struct ixgbe_adapter *adapter,
 {
 	int err, result = IXGBE_XDP_PASS;
 	struct bpf_prog *xdp_prog;
+	struct xdp_frame *xdpf;
 	u32 act;
 
 	rcu_read_lock();
@@ -2273,7 +2274,12 @@ static struct sk_buff *ixgbe_run_xdp(struct ixgbe_adapter *adapter,
 	case XDP_PASS:
 		break;
 	case XDP_TX:
-		result = ixgbe_xmit_xdp_ring(adapter, xdp);
+		xdpf = convert_to_xdp_frame(xdp);
+		if (unlikely(!xdpf)) {
+			result = IXGBE_XDP_CONSUMED;
+			break;
+		}
+		result = ixgbe_xmit_xdp_ring(adapter, xdpf);
 		break;
 	case XDP_REDIRECT:
 		err = xdp_do_redirect(adapter->netdev, xdp, xdp_prog);
@@ -8329,20 +8335,15 @@ static u16 ixgbe_select_queue(struct net_device *dev, struct sk_buff *skb,
 }
 
 static int ixgbe_xmit_xdp_ring(struct ixgbe_adapter *adapter,
-			       struct xdp_buff *xdp)
+			       struct xdp_frame *xdpf)
 {
 	struct ixgbe_ring *ring = adapter->xdp_ring[smp_processor_id()];
 	struct ixgbe_tx_buffer *tx_buffer;
 	union ixgbe_adv_tx_desc *tx_desc;
-	struct xdp_frame *xdpf;
 	u32 len, cmd_type;
 	dma_addr_t dma;
 	u16 i;
 
-	xdpf = convert_to_xdp_frame(xdp);
-	if (unlikely(!xdpf))
-		return -EOVERFLOW;
-
 	len = xdpf->len;
 
 	if (unlikely(!ixgbe_desc_unused(ring)))
@@ -9995,7 +9996,7 @@ static int ixgbe_xdp(struct net_device *dev, struct netdev_bpf *xdp)
 	}
 }
 
-static int ixgbe_xdp_xmit(struct net_device *dev, struct xdp_buff *xdp)
+static int ixgbe_xdp_xmit(struct net_device *dev, struct xdp_frame *xdpf)
 {
 	struct ixgbe_adapter *adapter = netdev_priv(dev);
 	struct ixgbe_ring *ring;
@@ -10011,7 +10012,7 @@ static int ixgbe_xdp_xmit(struct net_device *dev, struct xdp_buff *xdp)
 	if (unlikely(!ring))
 		return -ENXIO;
 
-	err = ixgbe_xmit_xdp_ring(adapter, xdp);
+	err = ixgbe_xmit_xdp_ring(adapter, xdpf);
 	if (err != IXGBE_XDP_TX)
 		return -ENOSPC;
 
diff --git a/drivers/net/tun.c b/drivers/net/tun.c
index fedf01ca3e51..16ccaf614cf3 100644
--- a/drivers/net/tun.c
+++ b/drivers/net/tun.c
@@ -1287,22 +1287,13 @@ static const struct net_device_ops tun_netdev_ops = {
 	.ndo_get_stats64	= tun_net_get_stats64,
 };
 
-static int tun_xdp_xmit(struct net_device *dev, struct xdp_buff *xdp)
+static int tun_xdp_xmit(struct net_device *dev, struct xdp_frame *frame)
 {
 	struct tun_struct *tun = netdev_priv(dev);
-	struct xdp_frame *frame;
 	struct tun_file *tfile;
 	u32 numqueues;
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	/* FIXME: Explain why this check is the needed! */
-	if (unlikely(tun_is_xdp_frame(xdp)))
-		return -EBADRQC;
-
-	frame = convert_to_xdp_frame(xdp);
-	if (unlikely(!frame))
-		return -EOVERFLOW;
-
 	rcu_read_lock();
 
 	numqueues = READ_ONCE(tun->numqueues);
diff --git a/drivers/net/virtio_net.c b/drivers/net/virtio_net.c
index 9fdb70fe74fe..aacefc260cdf 100644
--- a/drivers/net/virtio_net.c
+++ b/drivers/net/virtio_net.c
@@ -416,10 +416,10 @@ static void virtnet_xdp_flush(struct net_device *dev)
 }
 
 static bool __virtnet_xdp_xmit(struct virtnet_info *vi,
-			       struct xdp_buff *xdp)
+			       struct xdp_frame *xdpf)
 {
 	struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf *hdr;
-	struct xdp_frame *xdpf, *xdpf_sent;
+	struct xdp_frame *xdpf_sent;
 	struct send_queue *sq;
 	unsigned int len;
 	unsigned int qp;
@@ -432,10 +432,6 @@ static bool __virtnet_xdp_xmit(struct virtnet_info *vi,
 	while ((xdpf_sent = virtqueue_get_buf(sq->vq, &len)) != NULL)
 		xdp_return_frame(xdpf_sent);
 
-	xdpf = convert_to_xdp_frame(xdp);
-	if (unlikely(!xdpf))
-		return -EOVERFLOW;
-
 	/* virtqueue want to use data area in-front of packet */
 	if (unlikely(xdpf->metasize > 0))
 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
@@ -460,7 +456,7 @@ static bool __virtnet_xdp_xmit(struct virtnet_info *vi,
 	return true;
 }
 
-static int virtnet_xdp_xmit(struct net_device *dev, struct xdp_buff *xdp)
+static int virtnet_xdp_xmit(struct net_device *dev, struct xdp_frame *xdpf)
 {
 	struct virtnet_info *vi = netdev_priv(dev);
 	struct receive_queue *rq = vi->rq;
@@ -474,7 +470,7 @@ static int virtnet_xdp_xmit(struct net_device *dev, struct xdp_buff *xdp)
 	if (!xdp_prog)
 		return -ENXIO;
 
-	sent = __virtnet_xdp_xmit(vi, xdp);
+	sent = __virtnet_xdp_xmit(vi, xdpf);
 	if (!sent)
 		return -ENOSPC;
 	return 0;
@@ -575,6 +571,7 @@ static struct sk_buff *receive_small(struct net_device *dev,
 	xdp_prog = rcu_dereference(rq->xdp_prog);
 	if (xdp_prog) {
 		struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf *hdr = buf + header_offset;
+		struct xdp_frame *xdpf;
 		struct xdp_buff xdp;
 		void *orig_data;
 		u32 act;
@@ -617,7 +614,10 @@ static struct sk_buff *receive_small(struct net_device *dev,
 			delta = orig_data - xdp.data;
 			break;
 		case XDP_TX:
-			sent = __virtnet_xdp_xmit(vi, &xdp);
+			xdpf = convert_to_xdp_frame(&xdp);
+			if (unlikely(!xdpf))
+				goto err_xdp;
+			sent = __virtnet_xdp_xmit(vi, xdpf);
 			if (unlikely(!sent)) {
 				trace_xdp_exception(vi->dev, xdp_prog, act);
 				goto err_xdp;
@@ -709,6 +709,7 @@ static struct sk_buff *receive_mergeable(struct net_device *dev,
 	rcu_read_lock();
 	xdp_prog = rcu_dereference(rq->xdp_prog);
 	if (xdp_prog) {
+		struct xdp_frame *xdpf;
 		struct page *xdp_page;
 		struct xdp_buff xdp;
 		void *data;
@@ -773,7 +774,10 @@ static struct sk_buff *receive_mergeable(struct net_device *dev,
 			}
 			break;
 		case XDP_TX:
-			sent = __virtnet_xdp_xmit(vi, &xdp);
+			xdpf = convert_to_xdp_frame(&xdp);
+			if (unlikely(!xdpf))
+				goto err_xdp;
+			sent = __virtnet_xdp_xmit(vi, xdpf);
 			if (unlikely(!sent)) {
 				trace_xdp_exception(vi->dev, xdp_prog, act);
 				if (unlikely(xdp_page != page))
diff --git a/include/linux/netdevice.h b/include/linux/netdevice.h
index dbe6344b727a..775e16827df3 100644
--- a/include/linux/netdevice.h
+++ b/include/linux/netdevice.h
@@ -1155,7 +1155,7 @@ struct dev_ifalias {
  *	This function is used to set or query state related to XDP on the
  *	netdevice and manage BPF offload. See definition of
  *	enum bpf_netdev_command for details.
- * int (*ndo_xdp_xmit)(struct net_device *dev, struct xdp_buff *xdp);
+ * int (*ndo_xdp_xmit)(struct net_device *dev, struct xdp_frame *xdp);
  *	This function is used to submit a XDP packet for transmit on a
  *	netdevice.
  * void (*ndo_xdp_flush)(struct net_device *dev);
@@ -1346,7 +1346,7 @@ struct net_device_ops {
 	int			(*ndo_bpf)(struct net_device *dev,
 					   struct netdev_bpf *bpf);
 	int			(*ndo_xdp_xmit)(struct net_device *dev,
-						struct xdp_buff *xdp);
+						struct xdp_frame *xdp);
 	void			(*ndo_xdp_flush)(struct net_device *dev);
 };
 
diff --git a/net/core/filter.c b/net/core/filter.c
index 33edfa8372fd..25a8980f9d33 100644
--- a/net/core/filter.c
+++ b/net/core/filter.c
@@ -2528,13 +2528,18 @@ static int __bpf_tx_xdp(struct net_device *dev,
 			struct xdp_buff *xdp,
 			u32 index)
 {
+	struct xdp_frame *xdpf;
 	int err;
 
 	if (!dev->netdev_ops->ndo_xdp_xmit) {
 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
 	}
 
-	err = dev->netdev_ops->ndo_xdp_xmit(dev, xdp);
+	xdpf = convert_to_xdp_frame(xdp);
+	if (unlikely(!xdpf))
+		return -EOVERFLOW;
+
+	err = dev->netdev_ops->ndo_xdp_xmit(dev, xdpf);
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 	dev->netdev_ops->ndo_xdp_flush(dev);
@@ -2550,11 +2555,19 @@ static int __bpf_tx_xdp_map(struct net_device *dev_rx, void *fwd,
 
 	if (map->map_type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_DEVMAP) {
 		struct net_device *dev = fwd;
+		struct xdp_frame *xdpf;
 
 		if (!dev->netdev_ops->ndo_xdp_xmit)
 			return -EOPNOTSUPP;
 
-		err = dev->netdev_ops->ndo_xdp_xmit(dev, xdp);
+		xdpf = convert_to_xdp_frame(xdp);
+		if (unlikely(!xdpf))
+			return -EOVERFLOW;
+
+		/* TODO: move to inside map code instead, for bulk support
+		 * err = dev_map_enqueue(dev, xdp);
+		 */
+		err = dev->netdev_ops->ndo_xdp_xmit(dev, xdpf);
 		if (err)
 			return err;
 		__dev_map_insert_ctx(map, index);
