| Message ID | DB6PR0801MB2053DB22BAA9B3C15011BBBD83F90@DB6PR0801MB2053.eurprd08.prod.outlook.com |
|---|---|
| State | New |
| Headers | show |
| Series | Remove slow paths from log | expand |
On Fri, 2 Feb 2018, Wilco Dijkstra wrote: > Interestingly removing the slow paths makes hardly any difference in practice: > the worst case error is still ~0.5ULP, and exp(log(x)) shows identical results > before/after on many millions of random cases. All GLIBC math tests pass on > AArch64 and x64 with no change in ULP error. Could you please give the error analysis that justifies that the worst case error is still ~0.5ulp? I don't expect a direct error analysis of the fast case code, though you can do one if you want. Rather, in such cases, an indirect justification of the following form (which supposes that the existing code does have an error bound of 0.5ulp) is probably a lot easier to produce: The fast case produces a result of the form HIGH + LOW, with error bound E, and checks that HIGH + (LOW + E) and HIGH + (LOW - E) round to the same value to nearest - if they don't, it uses extra precision. That is, on the assumption that the existing code is correct, E is an error bound for HIGH + LOW. And assuming that E is less than 0.5ulp of the correct result, that means we don't actually need the error calculation, and can get sufficiently good results just from the fast path. I suspect that analyses of this form will allow eliminating most if not all of the slow paths. But it's necessary in each case where removal of a slow path is produced to say what E is, what the minimum magnitude of the correct result is, and so how small E must be in terms of the correct result, to justify that the slow path can be removed. > - /* End stage I, case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ > - if ((y = b + (c + b * E2)) == b + (c - b * E2)) > - return y; > + return b + (c + b * E2); And in such a case, the analysis will imply that the b * E2 part of computing the result is not needed - it's actually computing one bound on the possible correctly rounded result - and you should just return b + c.
Joseph Myers wrote: > > - /* End stage I, case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ > > - if ((y = b + (c + b * E2)) == b + (c - b * E2)) > > - return y; > >> + return b + (c + b * E2); > > And in such a case, the analysis will imply that the b * E2 part of > computing the result is not needed - it's actually computing one bound on > the possible correctly rounded result - and you should just return b + c. You're right - the multiply isn't strictly needed. I've removed it and added the ULP computations based on the error bounds E1/E2: + /* Here b contains the high part of the result, and c the low part. + Maximum error is b * 2.334e-19, so accuracy is >61 bits. + Therefore max ULP error of b + c is ~0.502. */ + return b + c; and the 2nd case: + /* Here A contains the high part of the result, and B the low part. + Maximum error is 6.095e-21 and min log (x) is 0.295 since x > 1.03. + Therefore max ULP error of A + B is ~0.502. */ + return A + B; Wilco Here is the updated version: Remove the slow paths from log. Like several other double precision math functions, log is exactly rounded. This is not required from math functions and causes major overheads as it requires multiple fallbacks using higher precision arithmetic if a result is close to 0.5ULP. Ridiculous slowdowns of up to 100000x have been reported when the highest precision path triggers. Interestingly removing the slow paths makes hardly any difference in practice: the worst case error is still ~0.502ULP, and exp(log(x)) shows identical results before/after on many millions of random cases. All GLIBC math tests pass on AArch64 and x64 with no change in ULP error. OK for commit? ChangeLog: 2018-02-02 Wilco Dijkstra <wdijkstr@arm.com> * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c (__ieee754_log): Remove slow paths. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h: Remove unused declarations. -- diff --git a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c index 6a18ebb904fc42a69ed72d79f6db646addf46054..f47423c080073fde6f061e82aa1a44f63eb67e79 100644 --- a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c +++ b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c @@ -23,11 +23,10 @@ /* FUNCTION:ulog */ /* */ /* FILES NEEDED: dla.h endian.h mpa.h mydefs.h ulog.h */ -/* mpexp.c mplog.c mpa.c */ /* ulog.tbl */ /* */ /* An ultimate log routine. Given an IEEE double machine number x */ -/* it computes the correctly rounded (to nearest) value of log(x). */ +/* it computes the rounded (to nearest) value of log(x). */ /* Assumption: Machine arithmetic operations are performed in */ /* round to nearest mode of IEEE 754 standard. */ /* */ @@ -40,34 +39,26 @@ #include "MathLib.h" #include <math.h> #include <math_private.h> -#include <stap-probe.h> #ifndef SECTION # define SECTION #endif -void __mplog (mp_no *, mp_no *, int); - /*********************************************************************/ -/* An ultimate log routine. Given an IEEE double machine number x */ -/* it computes the correctly rounded (to nearest) value of log(x). */ +/* An ultimate log routine. Given an IEEE double machine number x */ +/* it computes the rounded (to nearest) value of log(x). */ /*********************************************************************/ double SECTION __ieee754_log (double x) { -#define M 4 - static const int pr[M] = { 8, 10, 18, 32 }; - int i, j, n, ux, dx, p; + int i, j, n, ux, dx; double dbl_n, u, p0, q, r0, w, nln2a, luai, lubi, lvaj, lvbj, - sij, ssij, ttij, A, B, B0, y, y1, y2, polI, polII, sa, sb, - t1, t2, t7, t8, t, ra, rb, ww, - a0, aa0, s1, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, a1, aa1, a, aa, b, bb, c; + sij, ssij, ttij, A, B, B0, polI, polII, t8, a, aa, b, bb, c; #ifndef DLA_FMS - double t3, t4, t5, t6; + double t1, t2, t3, t4, t5; #endif number num; - mp_no mpx, mpy, mpy1, mpy2, mperr; #include "ulog.tbl" #include "ulog.h" @@ -101,7 +92,7 @@ __ieee754_log (double x) if (w == 0.0) return 0.0; - /*--- Stage I, the case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ + /*--- The case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ t8 = MHALF * w; EMULV (t8, w, a, aa, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5); @@ -118,50 +109,12 @@ __ieee754_log (double x) polII *= w * w * w; c = (aa + bb) + polII; - /* End stage I, case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ - if ((y = b + (c + b * E2)) == b + (c - b * E2)) - return y; - - /*--- Stage II, the case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ - - a = d19.d + w * d20.d; - a = d18.d + w * a; - a = d17.d + w * a; - a = d16.d + w * a; - a = d15.d + w * a; - a = d14.d + w * a; - a = d13.d + w * a; - a = d12.d + w * a; - a = d11.d + w * a; - - EMULV (w, a, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5); - ADD2 (d10.d, dd10.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d9.d, dd9.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d8.d, dd8.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d7.d, dd7.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d6.d, dd6.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d5.d, dd5.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d4.d, dd4.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d3.d, dd3.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d2.d, dd2.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - MUL2 (w, 0, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, b, bb, t1, t2); + /* Here b contains the high part of the result, and c the low part. + Maximum error is b * 2.334e-19, so accuracy is >61 bits. + Therefore max ULP error of b + c is ~0.502. */ + return b + c; - /* End stage II, case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ - if ((y = b + (bb + b * E4)) == b + (bb - b * E4)) - return y; - goto stage_n; - - /*--- Stage I, the case abs(x-1) > 0.03 */ + /*--- The case abs(x-1) > 0.03 */ case_03: /* Find n,u such that x = u*2**n, 1/sqrt(2) < u < sqrt(2) */ @@ -203,58 +156,10 @@ case_03: B0 = (((lubi + lvbj) + ssij) + ttij) + dbl_n * LN2B; B = polI + B0; - /* End stage I, case abs(x-1) >= 0.03 */ - if ((y = A + (B + E1)) == A + (B - E1)) - return y; - - - /*--- Stage II, the case abs(x-1) > 0.03 */ - - /* Improve the accuracy of r0 */ - EMULV (p0, r0, sa, sb, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5); - t = r0 * ((1 - sa) - sb); - EADD (r0, t, ra, rb); - - /* Compute w */ - MUL2 (q, 0, ra, rb, w, ww, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - - EADD (A, B0, a0, aa0); - - /* Evaluate polynomial III */ - s1 = (c3.d + (c4.d + c5.d * w) * w) * w; - EADD (c2.d, s1, s2, ss2); - MUL2 (s2, ss2, w, ww, s3, ss3, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - MUL2 (s3, ss3, w, ww, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (s2, ss2, w, ww, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - ADD2 (s3, ss3, a0, aa0, a1, aa1, t1, t2); - - /* End stage II, case abs(x-1) >= 0.03 */ - if ((y = a1 + (aa1 + E3)) == a1 + (aa1 - E3)) - return y; - - - /* Final stages. Use multi-precision arithmetic. */ -stage_n: - - for (i = 0; i < M; i++) - { - p = pr[i]; - __dbl_mp (x, &mpx, p); - __dbl_mp (y, &mpy, p); - __mplog (&mpx, &mpy, p); - __dbl_mp (e[i].d, &mperr, p); - __add (&mpy, &mperr, &mpy1, p); - __sub (&mpy, &mperr, &mpy2, p); - __mp_dbl (&mpy1, &y1, p); - __mp_dbl (&mpy2, &y2, p); - if (y1 == y2) - { - LIBC_PROBE (slowlog, 3, &p, &x, &y1); - return y1; - } - } - LIBC_PROBE (slowlog_inexact, 3, &p, &x, &y1); - return y1; + /* Here A contains the high part of the result, and B the low part. + Maximum error is 6.095e-21 and min log (x) is 0.295 since x > 1.03. + Therefore max ULP error of A + B is ~0.502. */ + return A + B; } #ifndef __ieee754_log diff --git a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h index 36a31137b759f604fba611d68a60efc90dc8d20d..087b76e2abaa7e9530c7195c48112db3c851e86b 100644 --- a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h +++ b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h @@ -42,43 +42,6 @@ /**/ b6 = {{0x3fbc71c5, 0x25db58ac} }, /* 0.111... */ /**/ b7 = {{0xbfb9a4ac, 0x11a2a61c} }, /* -0.100... */ /**/ b8 = {{0x3fb75077, 0x0df2b591} }, /* 0.091... */ - /* polynomial III */ -#if 0 -/**/ c1 = {{0x3ff00000, 0x00000000} }, /* 1 */ -#endif -/**/ c2 = {{0xbfe00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/2 */ -/**/ c3 = {{0x3fd55555, 0x55555555} }, /* 1/3 */ -/**/ c4 = {{0xbfd00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/4 */ -/**/ c5 = {{0x3fc99999, 0x9999999a} }, /* 1/5 */ - /* polynomial IV */ -/**/ d2 = {{0xbfe00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/2 */ -/**/ dd2 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/2-d2 */ -/**/ d3 = {{0x3fd55555, 0x55555555} }, /* 1/3 */ -/**/ dd3 = {{0x3c755555, 0x55555555} }, /* 1/3-d3 */ -/**/ d4 = {{0xbfd00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/4 */ -/**/ dd4 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/4-d4 */ -/**/ d5 = {{0x3fc99999, 0x9999999a} }, /* 1/5 */ -/**/ dd5 = {{0xbc699999, 0x9999999a} }, /* 1/5-d5 */ -/**/ d6 = {{0xbfc55555, 0x55555555} }, /* -1/6 */ -/**/ dd6 = {{0xbc655555, 0x55555555} }, /* -1/6-d6 */ -/**/ d7 = {{0x3fc24924, 0x92492492} }, /* 1/7 */ -/**/ dd7 = {{0x3c624924, 0x92492492} }, /* 1/7-d7 */ -/**/ d8 = {{0xbfc00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/8 */ -/**/ dd8 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/8-d8 */ -/**/ d9 = {{0x3fbc71c7, 0x1c71c71c} }, /* 1/9 */ -/**/ dd9 = {{0x3c5c71c7, 0x1c71c71c} }, /* 1/9-d9 */ -/**/ d10 = {{0xbfb99999, 0x9999999a} }, /* -1/10 */ -/**/ dd10 = {{0x3c599999, 0x9999999a} }, /* -1/10-d10 */ -/**/ d11 = {{0x3fb745d1, 0x745d1746} }, /* 1/11 */ -/**/ d12 = {{0xbfb55555, 0x55555555} }, /* -1/12 */ -/**/ d13 = {{0x3fb3b13b, 0x13b13b14} }, /* 1/13 */ -/**/ d14 = {{0xbfb24924, 0x92492492} }, /* -1/14 */ -/**/ d15 = {{0x3fb11111, 0x11111111} }, /* 1/15 */ -/**/ d16 = {{0xbfb00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/16 */ -/**/ d17 = {{0x3fae1e1e, 0x1e1e1e1e} }, /* 1/17 */ -/**/ d18 = {{0xbfac71c7, 0x1c71c71c} }, /* -1/18 */ -/**/ d19 = {{0x3faaf286, 0xbca1af28} }, /* 1/19 */ -/**/ d20 = {{0xbfa99999, 0x9999999a} }, /* -1/20 */ /* constants */ /**/ sqrt_2 = {{0x3ff6a09e, 0x667f3bcc} }, /* sqrt(2) */ /**/ h1 = {{0x3fd2e000, 0x00000000} }, /* 151/2**9 */ @@ -87,14 +50,6 @@ /**/ delv = {{0x3ef00000, 0x00000000} }, /* 1/2**16 */ /**/ ln2a = {{0x3fe62e42, 0xfefa3800} }, /* ln(2) 43 bits */ /**/ ln2b = {{0x3d2ef357, 0x93c76730} }, /* ln(2)-ln2a */ -/**/ e1 = {{0x3bbcc868, 0x00000000} }, /* 6.095e-21 */ -/**/ e2 = {{0x3c1138ce, 0x00000000} }, /* 2.334e-19 */ -/**/ e3 = {{0x3aa1565d, 0x00000000} }, /* 2.801e-26 */ -/**/ e4 = {{0x39809d88, 0x00000000} }, /* 1.024e-31 */ -/**/ e[M] ={{{0x37da223a, 0x00000000} }, /* 1.2e-39 */ -/**/ {{0x35c851c4, 0x00000000} }, /* 1.3e-49 */ -/**/ {{0x2ab85e51, 0x00000000} }, /* 6.8e-103 */ -/**/ {{0x17383827, 0x00000000} }},/* 8.1e-197 */ /**/ two54 = {{0x43500000, 0x00000000} }, /* 2**54 */ /**/ u03 = {{0x3f9eb851, 0xeb851eb8} }; /* 0.03 */ @@ -114,43 +69,6 @@ /**/ b6 = {{0x25db58ac, 0x3fbc71c5} }, /* 0.111... */ /**/ b7 = {{0x11a2a61c, 0xbfb9a4ac} }, /* -0.100... */ /**/ b8 = {{0x0df2b591, 0x3fb75077} }, /* 0.091... */ - /* polynomial III */ -#if 0 -/**/ c1 = {{0x00000000, 0x3ff00000} }, /* 1 */ -#endif -/**/ c2 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfe00000} }, /* -1/2 */ -/**/ c3 = {{0x55555555, 0x3fd55555} }, /* 1/3 */ -/**/ c4 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfd00000} }, /* -1/4 */ -/**/ c5 = {{0x9999999a, 0x3fc99999} }, /* 1/5 */ - /* polynomial IV */ -/**/ d2 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfe00000} }, /* -1/2 */ -/**/ dd2 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/2-d2 */ -/**/ d3 = {{0x55555555, 0x3fd55555} }, /* 1/3 */ -/**/ dd3 = {{0x55555555, 0x3c755555} }, /* 1/3-d3 */ -/**/ d4 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfd00000} }, /* -1/4 */ -/**/ dd4 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/4-d4 */ -/**/ d5 = {{0x9999999a, 0x3fc99999} }, /* 1/5 */ -/**/ dd5 = {{0x9999999a, 0xbc699999} }, /* 1/5-d5 */ -/**/ d6 = {{0x55555555, 0xbfc55555} }, /* -1/6 */ -/**/ dd6 = {{0x55555555, 0xbc655555} }, /* -1/6-d6 */ -/**/ d7 = {{0x92492492, 0x3fc24924} }, /* 1/7 */ -/**/ dd7 = {{0x92492492, 0x3c624924} }, /* 1/7-d7 */ -/**/ d8 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfc00000} }, /* -1/8 */ -/**/ dd8 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/8-d8 */ -/**/ d9 = {{0x1c71c71c, 0x3fbc71c7} }, /* 1/9 */ -/**/ dd9 = {{0x1c71c71c, 0x3c5c71c7} }, /* 1/9-d9 */ -/**/ d10 = {{0x9999999a, 0xbfb99999} }, /* -1/10 */ -/**/ dd10 = {{0x9999999a, 0x3c599999} }, /* -1/10-d10 */ -/**/ d11 = {{0x745d1746, 0x3fb745d1} }, /* 1/11 */ -/**/ d12 = {{0x55555555, 0xbfb55555} }, /* -1/12 */ -/**/ d13 = {{0x13b13b14, 0x3fb3b13b} }, /* 1/13 */ -/**/ d14 = {{0x92492492, 0xbfb24924} }, /* -1/14 */ -/**/ d15 = {{0x11111111, 0x3fb11111} }, /* 1/15 */ -/**/ d16 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfb00000} }, /* -1/16 */ -/**/ d17 = {{0x1e1e1e1e, 0x3fae1e1e} }, /* 1/17 */ -/**/ d18 = {{0x1c71c71c, 0xbfac71c7} }, /* -1/18 */ -/**/ d19 = {{0xbca1af28, 0x3faaf286} }, /* 1/19 */ -/**/ d20 = {{0x9999999a, 0xbfa99999} }, /* -1/20 */ /* constants */ /**/ sqrt_2 = {{0x667f3bcc, 0x3ff6a09e} }, /* sqrt(2) */ /**/ h1 = {{0x00000000, 0x3fd2e000} }, /* 151/2**9 */ @@ -159,14 +77,6 @@ /**/ delv = {{0x00000000, 0x3ef00000} }, /* 1/2**16 */ /**/ ln2a = {{0xfefa3800, 0x3fe62e42} }, /* ln(2) 43 bits */ /**/ ln2b = {{0x93c76730, 0x3d2ef357} }, /* ln(2)-ln2a */ -/**/ e1 = {{0x00000000, 0x3bbcc868} }, /* 6.095e-21 */ -/**/ e2 = {{0x00000000, 0x3c1138ce} }, /* 2.334e-19 */ -/**/ e3 = {{0x00000000, 0x3aa1565d} }, /* 2.801e-26 */ -/**/ e4 = {{0x00000000, 0x39809d88} }, /* 1.024e-31 */ -/**/ e[M] ={{{0x00000000, 0x37da223a} }, /* 1.2e-39 */ -/**/ {{0x00000000, 0x35c851c4} }, /* 1.3e-49 */ -/**/ {{0x00000000, 0x2ab85e51} }, /* 6.8e-103 */ -/**/ {{0x00000000, 0x17383827} }},/* 8.1e-197 */ /**/ two54 = {{0x00000000, 0x43500000} }, /* 2**54 */ /**/ u03 = {{0xeb851eb8, 0x3f9eb851} }; /* 0.03 */ @@ -178,10 +88,6 @@ #define DEL_V delv.d #define LN2A ln2a.d #define LN2B ln2b.d -#define E1 e1.d -#define E2 e2.d -#define E3 e3.d -#define E4 e4.d #define U03 u03.d #endif
On Fri, 2 Feb 2018, Wilco Dijkstra wrote: > -#include <stap-probe.h> Removing the probes for log should also mean removing their documentation in probes.texi. > + /* Here A contains the high part of the result, and B the low part. > + Maximum error is 6.095e-21 and min log (x) is 0.295 since x > 1.03. > + Therefore max ULP error of A + B is ~0.502. */ > + return A + B; There seems to be a typo in this comment, 0.295 should be 0.0295 (but the ulp analysis is correct once that typo is fixed).
Joseph Myers wrote: > There seems to be a typo in this comment, 0.295 should be 0.0295 (but the > ulp analysis is correct once that typo is fixed). Well spotted! OK here is version 3, probe docs removed, typo fixed and performance results added - it seems the slow paths are triggered more often than I thought: Remove the slow paths from log. Like several other double precision math functions, log is exactly rounded. This is not required from math functions and causes major overheads as it requires multiple fallbacks using higher precision arithmetic if a result is close to 0.5ULP. Ridiculous slowdowns of up to 100000x have been reported when the highest precision path triggers. Interestingly removing the slow paths makes hardly any difference in practice: the worst case error is still ~0.502ULP, and exp(log(x)) shows identical results before/after on many millions of random cases. All GLIBC math tests pass on AArch64 and x64 with no change in ULP error. A simple test over a few hundred million values shows log is now 18% faster on average. OK for commit? ChangeLog: 2018-02-06 Wilco Dijkstra <wdijkstr@arm.com> * manual/probes.texi (slowlog): Delete documentation of removed probe. (slowlog_inexact): Likewise * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c (__ieee754_log): Remove slow paths. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h: Remove unused declarations. -- diff --git a/manual/probes.texi b/manual/probes.texi index 8ab67562d77e2879e7baa85c093847ba7660a1b9..e99b7f3cb4f8a879dd411c026b70be09fcf3ba9b 100644 --- a/manual/probes.texi +++ b/manual/probes.texi @@ -288,23 +288,6 @@ input that results in multiple precision computation with precision and @code{$arg4} is the final accurate value. @end deftp -@deftp Probe slowlog (int @var{$arg1}, double @var{$arg2}, double @var{$arg3}) -This probe is triggered when the @code{log} function is called with an -input that results in multiple precision computation. Argument -@var{$arg1} is the precision with which the computation succeeded. -Argument @var{$arg2} is the input and @var{$arg3} is the computed -output. -@end deftp - -@deftp Probe slowlog_inexact (int @var{$arg1}, double @var{$arg2}, double @var{$arg3}) -This probe is triggered when the @code{log} function is called with an -input that results in multiple precision computation and none of the -multiple precision computations result in an accurate result. -Argument @var{$arg1} is the maximum precision with which computations -were performed. Argument @var{$arg2} is the input and @var{$arg3} is -the computed output. -@end deftp - @deftp Probe slowatan2 (int @var{$arg1}, double @var{$arg2}, double @var{$arg3}, double @var{$arg4}) This probe is triggered when the @code{atan2} function is called with an input that results in multiple precision computation. Argument diff --git a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c index 6a18ebb904fc42a69ed72d79f6db646addf46054..2483dd85517f7c58f89be4124ceb9156cee89f0e 100644 --- a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c +++ b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c @@ -23,11 +23,10 @@ /* FUNCTION:ulog */ /* */ /* FILES NEEDED: dla.h endian.h mpa.h mydefs.h ulog.h */ -/* mpexp.c mplog.c mpa.c */ /* ulog.tbl */ /* */ /* An ultimate log routine. Given an IEEE double machine number x */ -/* it computes the correctly rounded (to nearest) value of log(x). */ +/* it computes the rounded (to nearest) value of log(x). */ /* Assumption: Machine arithmetic operations are performed in */ /* round to nearest mode of IEEE 754 standard. */ /* */ @@ -40,34 +39,26 @@ #include "MathLib.h" #include <math.h> #include <math_private.h> -#include <stap-probe.h> #ifndef SECTION # define SECTION #endif -void __mplog (mp_no *, mp_no *, int); - /*********************************************************************/ -/* An ultimate log routine. Given an IEEE double machine number x */ -/* it computes the correctly rounded (to nearest) value of log(x). */ +/* An ultimate log routine. Given an IEEE double machine number x */ +/* it computes the rounded (to nearest) value of log(x). */ /*********************************************************************/ double SECTION __ieee754_log (double x) { -#define M 4 - static const int pr[M] = { 8, 10, 18, 32 }; - int i, j, n, ux, dx, p; + int i, j, n, ux, dx; double dbl_n, u, p0, q, r0, w, nln2a, luai, lubi, lvaj, lvbj, - sij, ssij, ttij, A, B, B0, y, y1, y2, polI, polII, sa, sb, - t1, t2, t7, t8, t, ra, rb, ww, - a0, aa0, s1, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, a1, aa1, a, aa, b, bb, c; + sij, ssij, ttij, A, B, B0, polI, polII, t8, a, aa, b, bb, c; #ifndef DLA_FMS - double t3, t4, t5, t6; + double t1, t2, t3, t4, t5; #endif number num; - mp_no mpx, mpy, mpy1, mpy2, mperr; #include "ulog.tbl" #include "ulog.h" @@ -101,7 +92,7 @@ __ieee754_log (double x) if (w == 0.0) return 0.0; - /*--- Stage I, the case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ + /*--- The case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ t8 = MHALF * w; EMULV (t8, w, a, aa, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5); @@ -118,50 +109,12 @@ __ieee754_log (double x) polII *= w * w * w; c = (aa + bb) + polII; - /* End stage I, case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ - if ((y = b + (c + b * E2)) == b + (c - b * E2)) - return y; - - /*--- Stage II, the case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ - - a = d19.d + w * d20.d; - a = d18.d + w * a; - a = d17.d + w * a; - a = d16.d + w * a; - a = d15.d + w * a; - a = d14.d + w * a; - a = d13.d + w * a; - a = d12.d + w * a; - a = d11.d + w * a; - - EMULV (w, a, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5); - ADD2 (d10.d, dd10.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d9.d, dd9.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d8.d, dd8.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d7.d, dd7.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d6.d, dd6.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d5.d, dd5.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d4.d, dd4.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d3.d, dd3.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d2.d, dd2.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - MUL2 (w, 0, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, b, bb, t1, t2); + /* Here b contains the high part of the result, and c the low part. + Maximum error is b * 2.334e-19, so accuracy is >61 bits. + Therefore max ULP error of b + c is ~0.502. */ + return b + c; - /* End stage II, case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ - if ((y = b + (bb + b * E4)) == b + (bb - b * E4)) - return y; - goto stage_n; - - /*--- Stage I, the case abs(x-1) > 0.03 */ + /*--- The case abs(x-1) > 0.03 */ case_03: /* Find n,u such that x = u*2**n, 1/sqrt(2) < u < sqrt(2) */ @@ -203,58 +156,10 @@ case_03: B0 = (((lubi + lvbj) + ssij) + ttij) + dbl_n * LN2B; B = polI + B0; - /* End stage I, case abs(x-1) >= 0.03 */ - if ((y = A + (B + E1)) == A + (B - E1)) - return y; - - - /*--- Stage II, the case abs(x-1) > 0.03 */ - - /* Improve the accuracy of r0 */ - EMULV (p0, r0, sa, sb, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5); - t = r0 * ((1 - sa) - sb); - EADD (r0, t, ra, rb); - - /* Compute w */ - MUL2 (q, 0, ra, rb, w, ww, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - - EADD (A, B0, a0, aa0); - - /* Evaluate polynomial III */ - s1 = (c3.d + (c4.d + c5.d * w) * w) * w; - EADD (c2.d, s1, s2, ss2); - MUL2 (s2, ss2, w, ww, s3, ss3, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - MUL2 (s3, ss3, w, ww, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (s2, ss2, w, ww, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - ADD2 (s3, ss3, a0, aa0, a1, aa1, t1, t2); - - /* End stage II, case abs(x-1) >= 0.03 */ - if ((y = a1 + (aa1 + E3)) == a1 + (aa1 - E3)) - return y; - - - /* Final stages. Use multi-precision arithmetic. */ -stage_n: - - for (i = 0; i < M; i++) - { - p = pr[i]; - __dbl_mp (x, &mpx, p); - __dbl_mp (y, &mpy, p); - __mplog (&mpx, &mpy, p); - __dbl_mp (e[i].d, &mperr, p); - __add (&mpy, &mperr, &mpy1, p); - __sub (&mpy, &mperr, &mpy2, p); - __mp_dbl (&mpy1, &y1, p); - __mp_dbl (&mpy2, &y2, p); - if (y1 == y2) - { - LIBC_PROBE (slowlog, 3, &p, &x, &y1); - return y1; - } - } - LIBC_PROBE (slowlog_inexact, 3, &p, &x, &y1); - return y1; + /* Here A contains the high part of the result, and B the low part. + Maximum abs error is 6.095e-21 and min log (x) is 0.0295 since x > 1.03. + Therefore max ULP error of A + B is ~0.502. */ + return A + B; } #ifndef __ieee754_log diff --git a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h index 36a31137b759f604fba611d68a60efc90dc8d20d..087b76e2abaa7e9530c7195c48112db3c851e86b 100644 --- a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h +++ b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h @@ -42,43 +42,6 @@ /**/ b6 = {{0x3fbc71c5, 0x25db58ac} }, /* 0.111... */ /**/ b7 = {{0xbfb9a4ac, 0x11a2a61c} }, /* -0.100... */ /**/ b8 = {{0x3fb75077, 0x0df2b591} }, /* 0.091... */ - /* polynomial III */ -#if 0 -/**/ c1 = {{0x3ff00000, 0x00000000} }, /* 1 */ -#endif -/**/ c2 = {{0xbfe00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/2 */ -/**/ c3 = {{0x3fd55555, 0x55555555} }, /* 1/3 */ -/**/ c4 = {{0xbfd00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/4 */ -/**/ c5 = {{0x3fc99999, 0x9999999a} }, /* 1/5 */ - /* polynomial IV */ -/**/ d2 = {{0xbfe00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/2 */ -/**/ dd2 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/2-d2 */ -/**/ d3 = {{0x3fd55555, 0x55555555} }, /* 1/3 */ -/**/ dd3 = {{0x3c755555, 0x55555555} }, /* 1/3-d3 */ -/**/ d4 = {{0xbfd00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/4 */ -/**/ dd4 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/4-d4 */ -/**/ d5 = {{0x3fc99999, 0x9999999a} }, /* 1/5 */ -/**/ dd5 = {{0xbc699999, 0x9999999a} }, /* 1/5-d5 */ -/**/ d6 = {{0xbfc55555, 0x55555555} }, /* -1/6 */ -/**/ dd6 = {{0xbc655555, 0x55555555} }, /* -1/6-d6 */ -/**/ d7 = {{0x3fc24924, 0x92492492} }, /* 1/7 */ -/**/ dd7 = {{0x3c624924, 0x92492492} }, /* 1/7-d7 */ -/**/ d8 = {{0xbfc00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/8 */ -/**/ dd8 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/8-d8 */ -/**/ d9 = {{0x3fbc71c7, 0x1c71c71c} }, /* 1/9 */ -/**/ dd9 = {{0x3c5c71c7, 0x1c71c71c} }, /* 1/9-d9 */ -/**/ d10 = {{0xbfb99999, 0x9999999a} }, /* -1/10 */ -/**/ dd10 = {{0x3c599999, 0x9999999a} }, /* -1/10-d10 */ -/**/ d11 = {{0x3fb745d1, 0x745d1746} }, /* 1/11 */ -/**/ d12 = {{0xbfb55555, 0x55555555} }, /* -1/12 */ -/**/ d13 = {{0x3fb3b13b, 0x13b13b14} }, /* 1/13 */ -/**/ d14 = {{0xbfb24924, 0x92492492} }, /* -1/14 */ -/**/ d15 = {{0x3fb11111, 0x11111111} }, /* 1/15 */ -/**/ d16 = {{0xbfb00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/16 */ -/**/ d17 = {{0x3fae1e1e, 0x1e1e1e1e} }, /* 1/17 */ -/**/ d18 = {{0xbfac71c7, 0x1c71c71c} }, /* -1/18 */ -/**/ d19 = {{0x3faaf286, 0xbca1af28} }, /* 1/19 */ -/**/ d20 = {{0xbfa99999, 0x9999999a} }, /* -1/20 */ /* constants */ /**/ sqrt_2 = {{0x3ff6a09e, 0x667f3bcc} }, /* sqrt(2) */ /**/ h1 = {{0x3fd2e000, 0x00000000} }, /* 151/2**9 */ @@ -87,14 +50,6 @@ /**/ delv = {{0x3ef00000, 0x00000000} }, /* 1/2**16 */ /**/ ln2a = {{0x3fe62e42, 0xfefa3800} }, /* ln(2) 43 bits */ /**/ ln2b = {{0x3d2ef357, 0x93c76730} }, /* ln(2)-ln2a */ -/**/ e1 = {{0x3bbcc868, 0x00000000} }, /* 6.095e-21 */ -/**/ e2 = {{0x3c1138ce, 0x00000000} }, /* 2.334e-19 */ -/**/ e3 = {{0x3aa1565d, 0x00000000} }, /* 2.801e-26 */ -/**/ e4 = {{0x39809d88, 0x00000000} }, /* 1.024e-31 */ -/**/ e[M] ={{{0x37da223a, 0x00000000} }, /* 1.2e-39 */ -/**/ {{0x35c851c4, 0x00000000} }, /* 1.3e-49 */ -/**/ {{0x2ab85e51, 0x00000000} }, /* 6.8e-103 */ -/**/ {{0x17383827, 0x00000000} }},/* 8.1e-197 */ /**/ two54 = {{0x43500000, 0x00000000} }, /* 2**54 */ /**/ u03 = {{0x3f9eb851, 0xeb851eb8} }; /* 0.03 */ @@ -114,43 +69,6 @@ /**/ b6 = {{0x25db58ac, 0x3fbc71c5} }, /* 0.111... */ /**/ b7 = {{0x11a2a61c, 0xbfb9a4ac} }, /* -0.100... */ /**/ b8 = {{0x0df2b591, 0x3fb75077} }, /* 0.091... */ - /* polynomial III */ -#if 0 -/**/ c1 = {{0x00000000, 0x3ff00000} }, /* 1 */ -#endif -/**/ c2 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfe00000} }, /* -1/2 */ -/**/ c3 = {{0x55555555, 0x3fd55555} }, /* 1/3 */ -/**/ c4 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfd00000} }, /* -1/4 */ -/**/ c5 = {{0x9999999a, 0x3fc99999} }, /* 1/5 */ - /* polynomial IV */ -/**/ d2 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfe00000} }, /* -1/2 */ -/**/ dd2 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/2-d2 */ -/**/ d3 = {{0x55555555, 0x3fd55555} }, /* 1/3 */ -/**/ dd3 = {{0x55555555, 0x3c755555} }, /* 1/3-d3 */ -/**/ d4 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfd00000} }, /* -1/4 */ -/**/ dd4 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/4-d4 */ -/**/ d5 = {{0x9999999a, 0x3fc99999} }, /* 1/5 */ -/**/ dd5 = {{0x9999999a, 0xbc699999} }, /* 1/5-d5 */ -/**/ d6 = {{0x55555555, 0xbfc55555} }, /* -1/6 */ -/**/ dd6 = {{0x55555555, 0xbc655555} }, /* -1/6-d6 */ -/**/ d7 = {{0x92492492, 0x3fc24924} }, /* 1/7 */ -/**/ dd7 = {{0x92492492, 0x3c624924} }, /* 1/7-d7 */ -/**/ d8 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfc00000} }, /* -1/8 */ -/**/ dd8 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/8-d8 */ -/**/ d9 = {{0x1c71c71c, 0x3fbc71c7} }, /* 1/9 */ -/**/ dd9 = {{0x1c71c71c, 0x3c5c71c7} }, /* 1/9-d9 */ -/**/ d10 = {{0x9999999a, 0xbfb99999} }, /* -1/10 */ -/**/ dd10 = {{0x9999999a, 0x3c599999} }, /* -1/10-d10 */ -/**/ d11 = {{0x745d1746, 0x3fb745d1} }, /* 1/11 */ -/**/ d12 = {{0x55555555, 0xbfb55555} }, /* -1/12 */ -/**/ d13 = {{0x13b13b14, 0x3fb3b13b} }, /* 1/13 */ -/**/ d14 = {{0x92492492, 0xbfb24924} }, /* -1/14 */ -/**/ d15 = {{0x11111111, 0x3fb11111} }, /* 1/15 */ -/**/ d16 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfb00000} }, /* -1/16 */ -/**/ d17 = {{0x1e1e1e1e, 0x3fae1e1e} }, /* 1/17 */ -/**/ d18 = {{0x1c71c71c, 0xbfac71c7} }, /* -1/18 */ -/**/ d19 = {{0xbca1af28, 0x3faaf286} }, /* 1/19 */ -/**/ d20 = {{0x9999999a, 0xbfa99999} }, /* -1/20 */ /* constants */ /**/ sqrt_2 = {{0x667f3bcc, 0x3ff6a09e} }, /* sqrt(2) */ /**/ h1 = {{0x00000000, 0x3fd2e000} }, /* 151/2**9 */ @@ -159,14 +77,6 @@ /**/ delv = {{0x00000000, 0x3ef00000} }, /* 1/2**16 */ /**/ ln2a = {{0xfefa3800, 0x3fe62e42} }, /* ln(2) 43 bits */ /**/ ln2b = {{0x93c76730, 0x3d2ef357} }, /* ln(2)-ln2a */ -/**/ e1 = {{0x00000000, 0x3bbcc868} }, /* 6.095e-21 */ -/**/ e2 = {{0x00000000, 0x3c1138ce} }, /* 2.334e-19 */ -/**/ e3 = {{0x00000000, 0x3aa1565d} }, /* 2.801e-26 */ -/**/ e4 = {{0x00000000, 0x39809d88} }, /* 1.024e-31 */ -/**/ e[M] ={{{0x00000000, 0x37da223a} }, /* 1.2e-39 */ -/**/ {{0x00000000, 0x35c851c4} }, /* 1.3e-49 */ -/**/ {{0x00000000, 0x2ab85e51} }, /* 6.8e-103 */ -/**/ {{0x00000000, 0x17383827} }},/* 8.1e-197 */ /**/ two54 = {{0x00000000, 0x43500000} }, /* 2**54 */ /**/ u03 = {{0xeb851eb8, 0x3f9eb851} }; /* 0.03 */ @@ -178,10 +88,6 @@ #define DEL_V delv.d #define LN2A ln2a.d #define LN2B ln2b.d -#define E1 e1.d -#define E2 e2.d -#define E3 e3.d -#define E4 e4.d #define U03 u03.d #endif
On Tue, 6 Feb 2018, Wilco Dijkstra wrote: > Joseph Myers wrote: > > > There seems to be a typo in this comment, 0.295 should be 0.0295 (but the > > ulp analysis is correct once that typo is fixed). > > Well spotted! > > OK here is version 3, probe docs removed, typo fixed and performance > results added - it seems the slow paths are triggered more often than I thought: This version is OK.
diff --git a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c index 6a18ebb904fc42a69ed72d79f6db646addf46054..cd8ac3534d642bfb936483696c1ff7f880319538 100644 --- a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c +++ b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c @@ -23,11 +23,10 @@ /* FUNCTION:ulog */ /* */ /* FILES NEEDED: dla.h endian.h mpa.h mydefs.h ulog.h */ -/* mpexp.c mplog.c mpa.c */ /* ulog.tbl */ /* */ /* An ultimate log routine. Given an IEEE double machine number x */ -/* it computes the correctly rounded (to nearest) value of log(x). */ +/* it computes the rounded (to nearest) value of log(x). */ /* Assumption: Machine arithmetic operations are performed in */ /* round to nearest mode of IEEE 754 standard. */ /* */ @@ -40,34 +39,26 @@ #include "MathLib.h" #include <math.h> #include <math_private.h> -#include <stap-probe.h> #ifndef SECTION # define SECTION #endif -void __mplog (mp_no *, mp_no *, int); - /*********************************************************************/ -/* An ultimate log routine. Given an IEEE double machine number x */ -/* it computes the correctly rounded (to nearest) value of log(x). */ +/* An ultimate log routine. Given an IEEE double machine number x */ +/* it computes the rounded (to nearest) value of log(x). */ /*********************************************************************/ double SECTION __ieee754_log (double x) { -#define M 4 - static const int pr[M] = { 8, 10, 18, 32 }; - int i, j, n, ux, dx, p; + int i, j, n, ux, dx; double dbl_n, u, p0, q, r0, w, nln2a, luai, lubi, lvaj, lvbj, - sij, ssij, ttij, A, B, B0, y, y1, y2, polI, polII, sa, sb, - t1, t2, t7, t8, t, ra, rb, ww, - a0, aa0, s1, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, a1, aa1, a, aa, b, bb, c; + sij, ssij, ttij, A, B, B0, polI, polII, t8, a, aa, b, bb, c; #ifndef DLA_FMS - double t3, t4, t5, t6; + double t1, t2, t3, t4, t5; #endif number num; - mp_no mpx, mpy, mpy1, mpy2, mperr; #include "ulog.tbl" #include "ulog.h" @@ -101,7 +92,7 @@ __ieee754_log (double x) if (w == 0.0) return 0.0; - /*--- Stage I, the case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ + /*--- The case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ t8 = MHALF * w; EMULV (t8, w, a, aa, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5); @@ -118,50 +109,9 @@ __ieee754_log (double x) polII *= w * w * w; c = (aa + bb) + polII; - /* End stage I, case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ - if ((y = b + (c + b * E2)) == b + (c - b * E2)) - return y; - - /*--- Stage II, the case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ - - a = d19.d + w * d20.d; - a = d18.d + w * a; - a = d17.d + w * a; - a = d16.d + w * a; - a = d15.d + w * a; - a = d14.d + w * a; - a = d13.d + w * a; - a = d12.d + w * a; - a = d11.d + w * a; - - EMULV (w, a, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5); - ADD2 (d10.d, dd10.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d9.d, dd9.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d8.d, dd8.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d7.d, dd7.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d6.d, dd6.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d5.d, dd5.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d4.d, dd4.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d3.d, dd3.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (d2.d, dd2.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - MUL2 (w, 0, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, b, bb, t1, t2); + return b + (c + b * E2); - /* End stage II, case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */ - if ((y = b + (bb + b * E4)) == b + (bb - b * E4)) - return y; - goto stage_n; - - /*--- Stage I, the case abs(x-1) > 0.03 */ + /*--- The case abs(x-1) > 0.03 */ case_03: /* Find n,u such that x = u*2**n, 1/sqrt(2) < u < sqrt(2) */ @@ -203,58 +153,7 @@ case_03: B0 = (((lubi + lvbj) + ssij) + ttij) + dbl_n * LN2B; B = polI + B0; - /* End stage I, case abs(x-1) >= 0.03 */ - if ((y = A + (B + E1)) == A + (B - E1)) - return y; - - - /*--- Stage II, the case abs(x-1) > 0.03 */ - - /* Improve the accuracy of r0 */ - EMULV (p0, r0, sa, sb, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5); - t = r0 * ((1 - sa) - sb); - EADD (r0, t, ra, rb); - - /* Compute w */ - MUL2 (q, 0, ra, rb, w, ww, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - - EADD (A, B0, a0, aa0); - - /* Evaluate polynomial III */ - s1 = (c3.d + (c4.d + c5.d * w) * w) * w; - EADD (c2.d, s1, s2, ss2); - MUL2 (s2, ss2, w, ww, s3, ss3, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - MUL2 (s3, ss3, w, ww, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8); - ADD2 (s2, ss2, w, ww, s3, ss3, t1, t2); - ADD2 (s3, ss3, a0, aa0, a1, aa1, t1, t2); - - /* End stage II, case abs(x-1) >= 0.03 */ - if ((y = a1 + (aa1 + E3)) == a1 + (aa1 - E3)) - return y; - - - /* Final stages. Use multi-precision arithmetic. */ -stage_n: - - for (i = 0; i < M; i++) - { - p = pr[i]; - __dbl_mp (x, &mpx, p); - __dbl_mp (y, &mpy, p); - __mplog (&mpx, &mpy, p); - __dbl_mp (e[i].d, &mperr, p); - __add (&mpy, &mperr, &mpy1, p); - __sub (&mpy, &mperr, &mpy2, p); - __mp_dbl (&mpy1, &y1, p); - __mp_dbl (&mpy2, &y2, p); - if (y1 == y2) - { - LIBC_PROBE (slowlog, 3, &p, &x, &y1); - return y1; - } - } - LIBC_PROBE (slowlog_inexact, 3, &p, &x, &y1); - return y1; + return A + (B + E1); } #ifndef __ieee754_log diff --git a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h index 36a31137b759f604fba611d68a60efc90dc8d20d..b9bb8ab046ed1b10bf1bf8a7b66c820d9d6a39cb 100644 --- a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h +++ b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h @@ -42,43 +42,6 @@ /**/ b6 = {{0x3fbc71c5, 0x25db58ac} }, /* 0.111... */ /**/ b7 = {{0xbfb9a4ac, 0x11a2a61c} }, /* -0.100... */ /**/ b8 = {{0x3fb75077, 0x0df2b591} }, /* 0.091... */ - /* polynomial III */ -#if 0 -/**/ c1 = {{0x3ff00000, 0x00000000} }, /* 1 */ -#endif -/**/ c2 = {{0xbfe00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/2 */ -/**/ c3 = {{0x3fd55555, 0x55555555} }, /* 1/3 */ -/**/ c4 = {{0xbfd00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/4 */ -/**/ c5 = {{0x3fc99999, 0x9999999a} }, /* 1/5 */ - /* polynomial IV */ -/**/ d2 = {{0xbfe00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/2 */ -/**/ dd2 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/2-d2 */ -/**/ d3 = {{0x3fd55555, 0x55555555} }, /* 1/3 */ -/**/ dd3 = {{0x3c755555, 0x55555555} }, /* 1/3-d3 */ -/**/ d4 = {{0xbfd00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/4 */ -/**/ dd4 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/4-d4 */ -/**/ d5 = {{0x3fc99999, 0x9999999a} }, /* 1/5 */ -/**/ dd5 = {{0xbc699999, 0x9999999a} }, /* 1/5-d5 */ -/**/ d6 = {{0xbfc55555, 0x55555555} }, /* -1/6 */ -/**/ dd6 = {{0xbc655555, 0x55555555} }, /* -1/6-d6 */ -/**/ d7 = {{0x3fc24924, 0x92492492} }, /* 1/7 */ -/**/ dd7 = {{0x3c624924, 0x92492492} }, /* 1/7-d7 */ -/**/ d8 = {{0xbfc00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/8 */ -/**/ dd8 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/8-d8 */ -/**/ d9 = {{0x3fbc71c7, 0x1c71c71c} }, /* 1/9 */ -/**/ dd9 = {{0x3c5c71c7, 0x1c71c71c} }, /* 1/9-d9 */ -/**/ d10 = {{0xbfb99999, 0x9999999a} }, /* -1/10 */ -/**/ dd10 = {{0x3c599999, 0x9999999a} }, /* -1/10-d10 */ -/**/ d11 = {{0x3fb745d1, 0x745d1746} }, /* 1/11 */ -/**/ d12 = {{0xbfb55555, 0x55555555} }, /* -1/12 */ -/**/ d13 = {{0x3fb3b13b, 0x13b13b14} }, /* 1/13 */ -/**/ d14 = {{0xbfb24924, 0x92492492} }, /* -1/14 */ -/**/ d15 = {{0x3fb11111, 0x11111111} }, /* 1/15 */ -/**/ d16 = {{0xbfb00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/16 */ -/**/ d17 = {{0x3fae1e1e, 0x1e1e1e1e} }, /* 1/17 */ -/**/ d18 = {{0xbfac71c7, 0x1c71c71c} }, /* -1/18 */ -/**/ d19 = {{0x3faaf286, 0xbca1af28} }, /* 1/19 */ -/**/ d20 = {{0xbfa99999, 0x9999999a} }, /* -1/20 */ /* constants */ /**/ sqrt_2 = {{0x3ff6a09e, 0x667f3bcc} }, /* sqrt(2) */ /**/ h1 = {{0x3fd2e000, 0x00000000} }, /* 151/2**9 */ @@ -89,12 +52,6 @@ /**/ ln2b = {{0x3d2ef357, 0x93c76730} }, /* ln(2)-ln2a */ /**/ e1 = {{0x3bbcc868, 0x00000000} }, /* 6.095e-21 */ /**/ e2 = {{0x3c1138ce, 0x00000000} }, /* 2.334e-19 */ -/**/ e3 = {{0x3aa1565d, 0x00000000} }, /* 2.801e-26 */ -/**/ e4 = {{0x39809d88, 0x00000000} }, /* 1.024e-31 */ -/**/ e[M] ={{{0x37da223a, 0x00000000} }, /* 1.2e-39 */ -/**/ {{0x35c851c4, 0x00000000} }, /* 1.3e-49 */ -/**/ {{0x2ab85e51, 0x00000000} }, /* 6.8e-103 */ -/**/ {{0x17383827, 0x00000000} }},/* 8.1e-197 */ /**/ two54 = {{0x43500000, 0x00000000} }, /* 2**54 */ /**/ u03 = {{0x3f9eb851, 0xeb851eb8} }; /* 0.03 */ @@ -114,43 +71,6 @@ /**/ b6 = {{0x25db58ac, 0x3fbc71c5} }, /* 0.111... */ /**/ b7 = {{0x11a2a61c, 0xbfb9a4ac} }, /* -0.100... */ /**/ b8 = {{0x0df2b591, 0x3fb75077} }, /* 0.091... */ - /* polynomial III */ -#if 0 -/**/ c1 = {{0x00000000, 0x3ff00000} }, /* 1 */ -#endif -/**/ c2 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfe00000} }, /* -1/2 */ -/**/ c3 = {{0x55555555, 0x3fd55555} }, /* 1/3 */ -/**/ c4 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfd00000} }, /* -1/4 */ -/**/ c5 = {{0x9999999a, 0x3fc99999} }, /* 1/5 */ - /* polynomial IV */ -/**/ d2 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfe00000} }, /* -1/2 */ -/**/ dd2 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/2-d2 */ -/**/ d3 = {{0x55555555, 0x3fd55555} }, /* 1/3 */ -/**/ dd3 = {{0x55555555, 0x3c755555} }, /* 1/3-d3 */ -/**/ d4 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfd00000} }, /* -1/4 */ -/**/ dd4 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/4-d4 */ -/**/ d5 = {{0x9999999a, 0x3fc99999} }, /* 1/5 */ -/**/ dd5 = {{0x9999999a, 0xbc699999} }, /* 1/5-d5 */ -/**/ d6 = {{0x55555555, 0xbfc55555} }, /* -1/6 */ -/**/ dd6 = {{0x55555555, 0xbc655555} }, /* -1/6-d6 */ -/**/ d7 = {{0x92492492, 0x3fc24924} }, /* 1/7 */ -/**/ dd7 = {{0x92492492, 0x3c624924} }, /* 1/7-d7 */ -/**/ d8 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfc00000} }, /* -1/8 */ -/**/ dd8 = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/8-d8 */ -/**/ d9 = {{0x1c71c71c, 0x3fbc71c7} }, /* 1/9 */ -/**/ dd9 = {{0x1c71c71c, 0x3c5c71c7} }, /* 1/9-d9 */ -/**/ d10 = {{0x9999999a, 0xbfb99999} }, /* -1/10 */ -/**/ dd10 = {{0x9999999a, 0x3c599999} }, /* -1/10-d10 */ -/**/ d11 = {{0x745d1746, 0x3fb745d1} }, /* 1/11 */ -/**/ d12 = {{0x55555555, 0xbfb55555} }, /* -1/12 */ -/**/ d13 = {{0x13b13b14, 0x3fb3b13b} }, /* 1/13 */ -/**/ d14 = {{0x92492492, 0xbfb24924} }, /* -1/14 */ -/**/ d15 = {{0x11111111, 0x3fb11111} }, /* 1/15 */ -/**/ d16 = {{0x00000000, 0xbfb00000} }, /* -1/16 */ -/**/ d17 = {{0x1e1e1e1e, 0x3fae1e1e} }, /* 1/17 */ -/**/ d18 = {{0x1c71c71c, 0xbfac71c7} }, /* -1/18 */ -/**/ d19 = {{0xbca1af28, 0x3faaf286} }, /* 1/19 */ -/**/ d20 = {{0x9999999a, 0xbfa99999} }, /* -1/20 */ /* constants */ /**/ sqrt_2 = {{0x667f3bcc, 0x3ff6a09e} }, /* sqrt(2) */ /**/ h1 = {{0x00000000, 0x3fd2e000} }, /* 151/2**9 */ @@ -161,12 +81,6 @@ /**/ ln2b = {{0x93c76730, 0x3d2ef357} }, /* ln(2)-ln2a */ /**/ e1 = {{0x00000000, 0x3bbcc868} }, /* 6.095e-21 */ /**/ e2 = {{0x00000000, 0x3c1138ce} }, /* 2.334e-19 */ -/**/ e3 = {{0x00000000, 0x3aa1565d} }, /* 2.801e-26 */ -/**/ e4 = {{0x00000000, 0x39809d88} }, /* 1.024e-31 */ -/**/ e[M] ={{{0x00000000, 0x37da223a} }, /* 1.2e-39 */ -/**/ {{0x00000000, 0x35c851c4} }, /* 1.3e-49 */ -/**/ {{0x00000000, 0x2ab85e51} }, /* 6.8e-103 */ -/**/ {{0x00000000, 0x17383827} }},/* 8.1e-197 */ /**/ two54 = {{0x00000000, 0x43500000} }, /* 2**54 */ /**/ u03 = {{0xeb851eb8, 0x3f9eb851} }; /* 0.03 */