diff mbox

[v4,3/6] rename memory_region_init_ram to memory_region_init_ram_nofail

Message ID 369f6d7adc3a1ef764ec2b2349d705317a1b18a2.1407206291.git.hutao@cn.fujitsu.com
State New
Headers show

Commit Message

Hu Tao Aug. 5, 2014, 5:56 a.m. UTC
Signed-off-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
---
 hw/alpha/typhoon.c                       |  2 +-
 hw/arm/armv7m.c                          |  6 +++---
 hw/arm/cubieboard.c                      |  2 +-
 hw/arm/digic_boards.c                    |  2 +-
 hw/arm/exynos4210.c                      |  9 +++++----
 hw/arm/highbank.c                        |  4 ++--
 hw/arm/integratorcp.c                    |  5 +++--
 hw/arm/kzm.c                             |  4 ++--
 hw/arm/mainstone.c                       |  2 +-
 hw/arm/musicpal.c                        |  5 +++--
 hw/arm/omap1.c                           |  6 ++++--
 hw/arm/omap2.c                           |  4 ++--
 hw/arm/omap_sx1.c                        |  5 +++--
 hw/arm/palm.c                            |  2 +-
 hw/arm/pxa2xx.c                          |  9 +++++----
 hw/arm/realview.c                        |  7 ++++---
 hw/arm/spitz.c                           |  2 +-
 hw/arm/strongarm.c                       |  3 ++-
 hw/arm/tosa.c                            |  2 +-
 hw/arm/versatilepb.c                     |  3 ++-
 hw/arm/vexpress.c                        | 10 +++++-----
 hw/arm/virt.c                            |  3 ++-
 hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c                     |  4 ++--
 hw/block/onenand.c                       |  2 +-
 hw/core/loader.c                         |  2 +-
 hw/cris/axis_dev88.c                     |  5 +++--
 hw/display/cg3.c                         |  5 +++--
 hw/display/qxl.c                         |  6 +++---
 hw/display/sm501.c                       |  2 +-
 hw/display/tc6393xb.c                    |  2 +-
 hw/display/tcx.c                         |  5 +++--
 hw/display/vga.c                         |  2 +-
 hw/display/vmware_vga.c                  |  3 ++-
 hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c                 |  2 +-
 hw/i386/pc.c                             |  2 +-
 hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c                       |  4 ++--
 hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c             |  4 ++--
 hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c                    |  5 +++--
 hw/lm32/milkymist.c                      |  3 ++-
 hw/m68k/an5206.c                         |  4 ++--
 hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c                     |  2 +-
 hw/m68k/mcf5208.c                        |  4 ++--
 hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c      |  7 ++++---
 hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c |  5 +++--
 hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c                  |  4 ++--
 hw/mips/mips_jazz.c                      |  7 ++++---
 hw/mips/mips_malta.c                     |  4 ++--
 hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c                   |  4 ++--
 hw/mips/mips_r4k.c                       |  4 ++--
 hw/moxie/moxiesim.c                      |  4 ++--
 hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c              |  4 ++--
 hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c               |  2 +-
 hw/pci-host/prep.c                       |  2 +-
 hw/pci/pci.c                             |  2 +-
 hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c                    |  2 +-
 hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c                    |  2 +-
 hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c                   |  7 ++++---
 hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c                       |  2 +-
 hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c               |  2 +-
 hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c                   |  2 +-
 hw/sh4/r2d.c                             |  2 +-
 hw/sh4/shix.c                            |  6 +++---
 hw/sparc/leon3.c                         |  4 ++--
 hw/sparc/sun4m.c                         |  9 +++++----
 hw/sparc64/sun4u.c                       |  5 +++--
 hw/unicore32/puv3.c                      |  2 +-
 hw/xtensa/sim.c                          |  4 ++--
 hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c                       |  6 +++---
 include/exec/memory.h                    | 12 ++++++------
 memory.c                                 |  8 ++++----
 numa.c                                   |  4 ++--
 xen-hvm.c                                |  2 +-
 72 files changed, 159 insertions(+), 136 deletions(-)

Comments

Peter Crosthwaite Aug. 5, 2014, 6:42 a.m. UTC | #1
On Tue, Aug 5, 2014 at 3:56 PM, Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com> wrote:
> Signed-off-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
> ---
>  hw/alpha/typhoon.c                       |  2 +-
>  hw/arm/armv7m.c                          |  6 +++---
>  hw/arm/cubieboard.c                      |  2 +-
>  hw/arm/digic_boards.c                    |  2 +-
>  hw/arm/exynos4210.c                      |  9 +++++----
>  hw/arm/highbank.c                        |  4 ++--
>  hw/arm/integratorcp.c                    |  5 +++--
>  hw/arm/kzm.c                             |  4 ++--
>  hw/arm/mainstone.c                       |  2 +-
>  hw/arm/musicpal.c                        |  5 +++--
>  hw/arm/omap1.c                           |  6 ++++--
>  hw/arm/omap2.c                           |  4 ++--
>  hw/arm/omap_sx1.c                        |  5 +++--
>  hw/arm/palm.c                            |  2 +-
>  hw/arm/pxa2xx.c                          |  9 +++++----
>  hw/arm/realview.c                        |  7 ++++---
>  hw/arm/spitz.c                           |  2 +-
>  hw/arm/strongarm.c                       |  3 ++-
>  hw/arm/tosa.c                            |  2 +-
>  hw/arm/versatilepb.c                     |  3 ++-
>  hw/arm/vexpress.c                        | 10 +++++-----
>  hw/arm/virt.c                            |  3 ++-
>  hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c                     |  4 ++--
>  hw/block/onenand.c                       |  2 +-
>  hw/core/loader.c                         |  2 +-
>  hw/cris/axis_dev88.c                     |  5 +++--
>  hw/display/cg3.c                         |  5 +++--
>  hw/display/qxl.c                         |  6 +++---
>  hw/display/sm501.c                       |  2 +-
>  hw/display/tc6393xb.c                    |  2 +-
>  hw/display/tcx.c                         |  5 +++--
>  hw/display/vga.c                         |  2 +-
>  hw/display/vmware_vga.c                  |  3 ++-
>  hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c                 |  2 +-
>  hw/i386/pc.c                             |  2 +-
>  hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c                       |  4 ++--
>  hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c             |  4 ++--
>  hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c                    |  5 +++--
>  hw/lm32/milkymist.c                      |  3 ++-
>  hw/m68k/an5206.c                         |  4 ++--
>  hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c                     |  2 +-
>  hw/m68k/mcf5208.c                        |  4 ++--
>  hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c      |  7 ++++---
>  hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c |  5 +++--
>  hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c                  |  4 ++--
>  hw/mips/mips_jazz.c                      |  7 ++++---
>  hw/mips/mips_malta.c                     |  4 ++--
>  hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c                   |  4 ++--
>  hw/mips/mips_r4k.c                       |  4 ++--
>  hw/moxie/moxiesim.c                      |  4 ++--
>  hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c              |  4 ++--
>  hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c               |  2 +-
>  hw/pci-host/prep.c                       |  2 +-
>  hw/pci/pci.c                             |  2 +-
>  hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c                    |  2 +-
>  hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c                    |  2 +-
>  hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c                   |  7 ++++---
>  hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c                       |  2 +-
>  hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c               |  2 +-
>  hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c                   |  2 +-
>  hw/sh4/r2d.c                             |  2 +-
>  hw/sh4/shix.c                            |  6 +++---
>  hw/sparc/leon3.c                         |  4 ++--
>  hw/sparc/sun4m.c                         |  9 +++++----
>  hw/sparc64/sun4u.c                       |  5 +++--
>  hw/unicore32/puv3.c                      |  2 +-
>  hw/xtensa/sim.c                          |  4 ++--
>  hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c                       |  6 +++---
>  include/exec/memory.h                    | 12 ++++++------
>  memory.c                                 |  8 ++++----
>  numa.c                                   |  4 ++--
>  xen-hvm.c                                |  2 +-

If you are commiting to a tree-wide fixup, I think its best to get the
just Error ** version in use tree wide and just drop may_fail and
no_fail variants.

The only reason to add a second fn would be to avoid having to touch
all the call sites which you have now done.

Ultimately there should be one API used by all no_fail and may_fail
call sites that accepts an Error **. "no fail" callsites pass in
&error_abort. I think this is what you were suggesting in P1?

I don't see this change as being much more minimal and it's at the
expense of correctness.

Regards,
Peter

>  72 files changed, 159 insertions(+), 136 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/hw/alpha/typhoon.c b/hw/alpha/typhoon.c
> index 67a1070..8b20393 100644
> --- a/hw/alpha/typhoon.c
> +++ b/hw/alpha/typhoon.c
> @@ -843,7 +843,7 @@ PCIBus *typhoon_init(ram_addr_t ram_size, ISABus **isa_bus,
>
>      /* Main memory region, 0x00.0000.0000.  Real hardware supports 32GB,
>         but the address space hole reserved at this point is 8TB.  */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->ram_region, OBJECT(s), "ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->ram_region, OBJECT(s), "ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->ram_region);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(addr_space, 0, &s->ram_region);
>
> diff --git a/hw/arm/armv7m.c b/hw/arm/armv7m.c
> index 397e8df..1f05db1 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/armv7m.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/armv7m.c
> @@ -210,11 +210,11 @@ qemu_irq *armv7m_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
>  #endif
>
>      /* Flash programming is done via the SCU, so pretend it is ROM.  */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(flash, NULL, "armv7m.flash", flash_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(flash, NULL, "armv7m.flash", flash_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(flash);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(flash, true);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, flash);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "armv7m.sram", sram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "armv7m.sram", sram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x20000000, sram);
>      armv7m_bitband_init();
> @@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ qemu_irq *armv7m_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
>      /* Hack to map an additional page of ram at the top of the address
>         space.  This stops qemu complaining about executing code outside RAM
>         when returning from an exception.  */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(hack, NULL, "armv7m.hack", 0x1000);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(hack, NULL, "armv7m.hack", 0x1000);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(hack);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0xfffff000, hack);
>
> diff --git a/hw/arm/cubieboard.c b/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
> index e2260e3..4cbb344 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
> @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ static void cubieboard_init(MachineState *machine)
>          exit(1);
>      }
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "cubieboard.ram",
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "cubieboard.ram",
>                             machine->ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), AW_A10_SDRAM_BASE,
> diff --git a/hw/arm/digic_boards.c b/hw/arm/digic_boards.c
> index d1424ee..40bdddd 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/digic_boards.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/digic_boards.c
> @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ typedef struct DigicBoard {
>
>  static void digic4_board_setup_ram(DigicBoardState *s, hwaddr ram_size)
>  {
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->ram, NULL, "ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->ram, NULL, "ram", ram_size);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, &s->ram);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->ram);
>  }
> diff --git a/hw/arm/exynos4210.c b/hw/arm/exynos4210.c
> index 6426d16..aa2adb6 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/exynos4210.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/exynos4210.c
> @@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ Exynos4210State *exynos4210_init(MemoryRegion *system_mem,
>                                  &s->chipid_mem);
>
>      /* Internal ROM */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->irom_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.irom",
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->irom_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.irom",
>                             EXYNOS4210_IROM_SIZE);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->irom_mem);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->irom_mem, true);
> @@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ Exynos4210State *exynos4210_init(MemoryRegion *system_mem,
>                                  &s->irom_alias_mem);
>
>      /* Internal RAM */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->iram_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.iram",
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->iram_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.iram",
>                             EXYNOS4210_IRAM_SIZE);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->iram_mem);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(system_mem, EXYNOS4210_IRAM_BASE_ADDR,
> @@ -272,14 +272,15 @@ Exynos4210State *exynos4210_init(MemoryRegion *system_mem,
>      /* DRAM */
>      mem_size = ram_size;
>      if (mem_size > EXYNOS4210_DRAM_MAX_SIZE) {
> -        memory_region_init_ram(&s->dram1_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.dram1",
> +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->dram1_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.dram1",
>                  mem_size - EXYNOS4210_DRAM_MAX_SIZE);
>          vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->dram1_mem);
>          memory_region_add_subregion(system_mem, EXYNOS4210_DRAM1_BASE_ADDR,
>                  &s->dram1_mem);
>          mem_size = EXYNOS4210_DRAM_MAX_SIZE;
>      }
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->dram0_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.dram0", mem_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->dram0_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.dram0",
> +                                  mem_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->dram0_mem);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(system_mem, EXYNOS4210_DRAM0_BASE_ADDR,
>              &s->dram0_mem);
> diff --git a/hw/arm/highbank.c b/hw/arm/highbank.c
> index 8340434..f64a679 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/highbank.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/highbank.c
> @@ -255,12 +255,12 @@ static void calxeda_init(MachineState *machine, enum cxmachines machine_id)
>
>      sysmem = get_system_memory();
>      dram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(dram, NULL, "highbank.dram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(dram, NULL, "highbank.dram", ram_size);
>      /* SDRAM at address zero.  */
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, dram);
>
>      sysram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(sysram, NULL, "highbank.sysram", 0x8000);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sysram, NULL, "highbank.sysram", 0x8000);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0xfff88000, sysram);
>      if (bios_name != NULL) {
>          sysboot_filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name);
> diff --git a/hw/arm/integratorcp.c b/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
> index 0e476c3..6cfb673 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
> @@ -264,7 +264,8 @@ static int integratorcm_init(SysBusDevice *dev)
>      s->cm_init = 0x00000112;
>      s->cm_refcnt_offset = muldiv64(qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL), 24,
>                                     1000);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->flash, OBJECT(s), "integrator.flash", 0x100000);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->flash, OBJECT(s), "integrator.flash",
> +                                  0x100000);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->flash);
>
>      memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, OBJECT(s), &integratorcm_ops, s,
> @@ -485,7 +486,7 @@ static void integratorcp_init(MachineState *machine)
>          exit(1);
>      }
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "integrator.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "integrator.ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      /* ??? On a real system the first 1Mb is mapped as SSRAM or boot flash.  */
>      /* ??? RAM should repeat to fill physical memory space.  */
> diff --git a/hw/arm/kzm.c b/hw/arm/kzm.c
> index 0555d12..749201c 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/kzm.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/kzm.c
> @@ -97,14 +97,14 @@ static void kzm_init(MachineState *machine)
>
>      /* On a real system, the first 16k is a `secure boot rom' */
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "kzm.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "kzm.ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, KZM_RAMADDRESS, ram);
>
>      memory_region_init_alias(ram_alias, NULL, "ram.alias", ram, 0, ram_size);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x88000000, ram_alias);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "kzm.sram", 0x4000);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "kzm.sram", 0x4000);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x1FFFC000, sram);
>
>      dev = sysbus_create_varargs("imx_avic", 0x68000000,
> diff --git a/hw/arm/mainstone.c b/hw/arm/mainstone.c
> index 44f1873..16489e7 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/mainstone.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/mainstone.c
> @@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ static void mainstone_common_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
>
>      /* Setup CPU & memory */
>      mpu = pxa270_init(address_space_mem, mainstone_binfo.ram_size, cpu_model);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "mainstone.rom", MAINSTONE_ROM);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "mainstone.rom", MAINSTONE_ROM);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(rom, true);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, rom);
> diff --git a/hw/arm/musicpal.c b/hw/arm/musicpal.c
> index 6a134f2..f69f6ee 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/musicpal.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/musicpal.c
> @@ -1601,11 +1601,12 @@ static void musicpal_init(MachineState *machine)
>      }
>
>      /* For now we use a fixed - the original - RAM size */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "musicpal.ram", MP_RAM_DEFAULT_SIZE);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "musicpal.ram",
> +                                  MP_RAM_DEFAULT_SIZE);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ram);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "musicpal.sram", MP_SRAM_SIZE);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "musicpal.sram", MP_SRAM_SIZE);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, MP_SRAM_BASE, sram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/arm/omap1.c b/hw/arm/omap1.c
> index e7cc5d7..7ffaaca 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/omap1.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/omap1.c
> @@ -3854,10 +3854,12 @@ struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap310_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *system_memory,
>      omap_clk_init(s);
>
>      /* Memory-mapped stuff */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->emiff_ram, NULL, "omap1.dram", s->sdram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->emiff_ram, NULL, "omap1.dram",
> +                                  s->sdram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->emiff_ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, OMAP_EMIFF_BASE, &s->emiff_ram);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->imif_ram, NULL, "omap1.sram", s->sram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->imif_ram, NULL, "omap1.sram",
> +                                  s->sram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->imif_ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, OMAP_IMIF_BASE, &s->imif_ram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/arm/omap2.c b/hw/arm/omap2.c
> index dc53a7a..1fc7582 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/omap2.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/omap2.c
> @@ -2266,10 +2266,10 @@ struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap2420_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem,
>      omap_clk_init(s);
>
>      /* Memory-mapped stuff */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "omap2.dram", s->sdram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "omap2.dram", s->sdram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, OMAP2_Q2_BASE, &s->sdram);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sram, NULL, "omap2.sram", s->sram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sram, NULL, "omap2.sram", s->sram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, OMAP2_SRAM_BASE, &s->sram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/arm/omap_sx1.c b/hw/arm/omap_sx1.c
> index b4f6da6..313a4f5 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/omap_sx1.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/omap_sx1.c
> @@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ static void sx1_init(MachineState *machine, const int version)
>                             machine->cpu_model);
>
>      /* External Flash (EMIFS) */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(flash, NULL, "omap_sx1.flash0-0", flash_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(flash, NULL, "omap_sx1.flash0-0", flash_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(flash);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(flash, true);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, OMAP_CS0_BASE, flash);
> @@ -164,7 +164,8 @@ static void sx1_init(MachineState *machine, const int version)
>
>      if ((version == 1) &&
>              (dinfo = drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, fl_idx)) != NULL) {
> -        memory_region_init_ram(flash_1, NULL, "omap_sx1.flash1-0", flash1_size);
> +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(flash_1, NULL, "omap_sx1.flash1-0",
> +                                      flash1_size);
>          vmstate_register_ram_global(flash_1);
>          memory_region_set_readonly(flash_1, true);
>          memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, OMAP_CS1_BASE, flash_1);
> diff --git a/hw/arm/palm.c b/hw/arm/palm.c
> index e61995f..7f37b6d 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/palm.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/palm.c
> @@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ static void palmte_init(MachineState *machine)
>      mpu = omap310_mpu_init(address_space_mem, sdram_size, cpu_model);
>
>      /* External Flash (EMIFS) */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(flash, NULL, "palmte.flash", flash_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(flash, NULL, "palmte.flash", flash_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(flash);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(flash, true);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, OMAP_CS0_BASE, flash);
> diff --git a/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c b/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c
> index 557e0f1..78cd6d2 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c
> @@ -2055,10 +2055,11 @@ PXA2xxState *pxa270_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
>      s->reset = qemu_allocate_irq(pxa2xx_reset, s, 0);
>
>      /* SDRAM & Internal Memory Storage */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "pxa270.sdram", sdram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "pxa270.sdram", sdram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, PXA2XX_SDRAM_BASE, &s->sdram);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->internal, NULL, "pxa270.internal", 0x40000);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->internal, NULL, "pxa270.internal",
> +                                  0x40000);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->internal);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, PXA2XX_INTERNAL_BASE,
>                                  &s->internal);
> @@ -2186,10 +2187,10 @@ PXA2xxState *pxa255_init(MemoryRegion *address_space, unsigned int sdram_size)
>      s->reset = qemu_allocate_irq(pxa2xx_reset, s, 0);
>
>      /* SDRAM & Internal Memory Storage */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "pxa255.sdram", sdram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "pxa255.sdram", sdram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, PXA2XX_SDRAM_BASE, &s->sdram);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->internal, NULL, "pxa255.internal",
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->internal, NULL, "pxa255.internal",
>                             PXA2XX_INTERNAL_SIZE);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->internal);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, PXA2XX_INTERNAL_BASE,
> diff --git a/hw/arm/realview.c b/hw/arm/realview.c
> index 64b9251..a8f374b 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/realview.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/realview.c
> @@ -137,12 +137,13 @@ static void realview_init(MachineState *machine,
>          /* Core tile RAM.  */
>          low_ram_size = ram_size - 0x20000000;
>          ram_size = 0x20000000;
> -        memory_region_init_ram(ram_lo, NULL, "realview.lowmem", low_ram_size);
> +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_lo, NULL, "realview.lowmem",
> +                                      low_ram_size);
>          vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_lo);
>          memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x20000000, ram_lo);
>      }
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram_hi, NULL, "realview.highmem", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_hi, NULL, "realview.highmem", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_hi);
>      low_ram_size = ram_size;
>      if (low_ram_size > 0x10000000)
> @@ -337,7 +338,7 @@ static void realview_init(MachineState *machine,
>         startup code.  I guess this works on real hardware because the
>         BootROM happens to be in ROM/flash or in memory that isn't clobbered
>         until after Linux boots the secondary CPUs.  */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram_hack, NULL, "realview.hack", 0x1000);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_hack, NULL, "realview.hack", 0x1000);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_hack);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, SMP_BOOT_ADDR, ram_hack);
>
> diff --git a/hw/arm/spitz.c b/hw/arm/spitz.c
> index 03cc6ce..9f54a55 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/spitz.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/spitz.c
> @@ -912,7 +912,7 @@ static void spitz_common_init(MachineState *machine,
>
>      sl_flash_register(mpu, (model == spitz) ? FLASH_128M : FLASH_1024M);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "spitz.rom", SPITZ_ROM);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "spitz.rom", SPITZ_ROM);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(rom, true);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, rom);
> diff --git a/hw/arm/strongarm.c b/hw/arm/strongarm.c
> index 9e2a0d4..29212a1 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/strongarm.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/strongarm.c
> @@ -1604,7 +1604,8 @@ StrongARMState *sa1110_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem,
>          exit(1);
>      }
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "strongarm.sdram", sdram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "strongarm.sdram",
> +                                  sdram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, SA_SDCS0, &s->sdram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/arm/tosa.c b/hw/arm/tosa.c
> index abc0f2a..94b7259 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/tosa.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/tosa.c
> @@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ static void tosa_init(MachineState *machine)
>
>      mpu = pxa255_init(address_space_mem, tosa_binfo.ram_size);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "tosa.rom", TOSA_ROM);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "tosa.rom", TOSA_ROM);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(rom, true);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, rom);
> diff --git a/hw/arm/versatilepb.c b/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
> index dea5fc7..d878a2e 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
> @@ -198,7 +198,8 @@ static void versatile_init(MachineState *machine, int board_id)
>          fprintf(stderr, "Unable to find CPU definition\n");
>          exit(1);
>      }
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "versatile.ram", machine->ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "versatile.ram",
> +                                  machine->ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      /* ??? RAM should repeat to fill physical memory space.  */
>      /* SDRAM at address zero.  */
> diff --git a/hw/arm/vexpress.c b/hw/arm/vexpress.c
> index a88732c..ef47244 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/vexpress.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/vexpress.c
> @@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ static void a9_daughterboard_init(const VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
>          exit(1);
>      }
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      low_ram_size = ram_size;
>      if (low_ram_size > 0x4000000) {
> @@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ static void a15_daughterboard_init(const VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
>          }
>      }
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      /* RAM is from 0x80000000 upwards; there is no low-memory alias for it. */
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x80000000, ram);
> @@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ static void a15_daughterboard_init(const VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
>      /* 0x2b060000: SP805 watchdog: not modelled */
>      /* 0x2b0a0000: PL341 dynamic memory controller: not modelled */
>      /* 0x2e000000: system SRAM */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "vexpress.a15sram", 0x10000);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "vexpress.a15sram", 0x10000);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x2e000000, sram);
>
> @@ -634,12 +634,12 @@ static void vexpress_common_init(VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
>      }
>
>      sram_size = 0x2000000;
> -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "vexpress.sram", sram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "vexpress.sram", sram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, map[VE_SRAM], sram);
>
>      vram_size = 0x800000;
> -    memory_region_init_ram(vram, NULL, "vexpress.vram", vram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(vram, NULL, "vexpress.vram", vram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(vram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, map[VE_VIDEORAM], vram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/arm/virt.c b/hw/arm/virt.c
> index 89532bd..1bb33bb 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/virt.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/virt.c
> @@ -489,7 +489,8 @@ static void machvirt_init(MachineState *machine)
>      fdt_add_cpu_nodes(vbi);
>      fdt_add_psci_node(vbi);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mach-virt.ram", machine->ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mach-virt.ram",
> +                                  machine->ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, vbi->memmap[VIRT_MEM].base, ram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c b/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
> index ba5aa82..ab5d1ca 100644
> --- a/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
> +++ b/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
> @@ -149,12 +149,12 @@ static void zynq_init(MachineState *machine)
>      }
>
>      /* DDR remapped to address zero.  */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ext_ram, NULL, "zynq.ext_ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ext_ram, NULL, "zynq.ext_ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ext_ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ext_ram);
>
>      /* 256K of on-chip memory */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ocm_ram, NULL, "zynq.ocm_ram", 256 << 10);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ocm_ram, NULL, "zynq.ocm_ram", 256 << 10);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ocm_ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0xFFFC0000, ocm_ram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/block/onenand.c b/hw/block/onenand.c
> index 5388122..e7b5d6c 100644
> --- a/hw/block/onenand.c
> +++ b/hw/block/onenand.c
> @@ -788,7 +788,7 @@ static int onenand_initfn(SysBusDevice *sbd)
>      }
>      s->otp = memset(g_malloc((64 + 2) << PAGE_SHIFT),
>                      0xff, (64 + 2) << PAGE_SHIFT);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->ram, OBJECT(s), "onenand.ram",
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->ram, OBJECT(s), "onenand.ram",
>                             0xc000 << s->shift);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->ram);
>      ram = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->ram);
> diff --git a/hw/core/loader.c b/hw/core/loader.c
> index 2bf6b8f..fdebf86 100644
> --- a/hw/core/loader.c
> +++ b/hw/core/loader.c
> @@ -632,7 +632,7 @@ static void *rom_set_mr(Rom *rom, Object *owner, const char *name)
>      void *data;
>
>      rom->mr = g_malloc(sizeof(*rom->mr));
> -    memory_region_init_ram(rom->mr, owner, name, rom->datasize);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom->mr, owner, name, rom->datasize);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(rom->mr, true);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom->mr);
>
> diff --git a/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c b/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c
> index 1849338..7e30525 100644
> --- a/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c
> +++ b/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c
> @@ -270,13 +270,14 @@ void axisdev88_init(MachineState *machine)
>      env = &cpu->env;
>
>      /* allocate RAM */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "axisdev88.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "axisdev88.ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x40000000, phys_ram);
>
>      /* The ETRAX-FS has 128Kb on chip ram, the docs refer to it as the
>         internal memory.  */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_intmem, NULL, "axisdev88.chipram", INTMEM_SIZE);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_intmem, NULL, "axisdev88.chipram",
> +                                  INTMEM_SIZE);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_intmem);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x38000000, phys_intmem);
>
> diff --git a/hw/display/cg3.c b/hw/display/cg3.c
> index 65ef7a7..9197cb6 100644
> --- a/hw/display/cg3.c
> +++ b/hw/display/cg3.c
> @@ -279,7 +279,8 @@ static void cg3_initfn(Object *obj)
>      SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
>      CG3State *s = CG3(obj);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->rom, NULL, "cg3.prom", FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->rom, NULL, "cg3.prom",
> +                                  FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->rom, true);
>      sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->rom);
>
> @@ -306,7 +307,7 @@ static void cg3_realizefn(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
>          }
>      }
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram_mem, NULL, "cg3.vram", s->vram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->vram_mem, NULL, "cg3.vram", s->vram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->vram_mem);
>      sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->vram_mem);
>
> diff --git a/hw/display/qxl.c b/hw/display/qxl.c
> index d43aa49..da76804 100644
> --- a/hw/display/qxl.c
> +++ b/hw/display/qxl.c
> @@ -1978,14 +1978,14 @@ static int qxl_init_common(PCIQXLDevice *qxl)
>      pci_set_byte(&config[PCI_INTERRUPT_PIN], 1);
>
>      qxl->rom_size = qxl_rom_size();
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&qxl->rom_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vrom",
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&qxl->rom_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vrom",
>                             qxl->rom_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram(&qxl->rom_bar, &qxl->pci.qdev);
>      init_qxl_rom(qxl);
>      init_qxl_ram(qxl);
>
>      qxl->guest_surfaces.cmds = g_new0(QXLPHYSICAL, qxl->ssd.num_surfaces);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&qxl->vram_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vram",
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&qxl->vram_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vram",
>                             qxl->vram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram(&qxl->vram_bar, &qxl->pci.qdev);
>      memory_region_init_alias(&qxl->vram32_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vram32",
> @@ -2093,7 +2093,7 @@ static int qxl_init_secondary(PCIDevice *dev)
>
>      qxl->id = device_id++;
>      qxl_init_ramsize(qxl);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&qxl->vga.vram, OBJECT(dev), "qxl.vgavram",
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&qxl->vga.vram, OBJECT(dev), "qxl.vgavram",
>                             qxl->vga.vram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram(&qxl->vga.vram, &qxl->pci.qdev);
>      qxl->vga.vram_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&qxl->vga.vram);
> diff --git a/hw/display/sm501.c b/hw/display/sm501.c
> index eedf2d4..a8b0285 100644
> --- a/hw/display/sm501.c
> +++ b/hw/display/sm501.c
> @@ -1409,7 +1409,7 @@ void sm501_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem, uint32_t base,
>      s->dc_crt_control = 0x00010000;
>
>      /* allocate local memory */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->local_mem_region, NULL, "sm501.local",
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->local_mem_region, NULL, "sm501.local",
>                             local_mem_bytes);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->local_mem_region);
>      s->local_mem = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->local_mem_region);
> diff --git a/hw/display/tc6393xb.c b/hw/display/tc6393xb.c
> index f4011d2..9c649d5 100644
> --- a/hw/display/tc6393xb.c
> +++ b/hw/display/tc6393xb.c
> @@ -581,7 +581,7 @@ TC6393xbState *tc6393xb_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem, uint32_t base, qemu_irq irq)
>      memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, NULL, &tc6393xb_ops, s, "tc6393xb", 0x10000);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, base, &s->iomem);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram, NULL, "tc6393xb.vram", 0x100000);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->vram, NULL, "tc6393xb.vram", 0x100000);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->vram);
>      s->vram_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->vram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, base + 0x100000, &s->vram);
> diff --git a/hw/display/tcx.c b/hw/display/tcx.c
> index 28c742c..aa22340 100644
> --- a/hw/display/tcx.c
> +++ b/hw/display/tcx.c
> @@ -535,7 +535,8 @@ static void tcx_initfn(Object *obj)
>      SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
>      TCXState *s = TCX(obj);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->rom, NULL, "tcx.prom", FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->rom, NULL, "tcx.prom",
> +                                  FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->rom, true);
>      sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->rom);
>
> @@ -566,7 +567,7 @@ static void tcx_realizefn(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
>      uint8_t *vram_base;
>      char *fcode_filename;
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram_mem, OBJECT(s), "tcx.vram",
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->vram_mem, OBJECT(s), "tcx.vram",
>                             s->vram_size * (1 + 4 + 4));
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->vram_mem);
>      vram_base = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->vram_mem);
> diff --git a/hw/display/vga.c b/hw/display/vga.c
> index 4b089a3..f17a4b4 100644
> --- a/hw/display/vga.c
> +++ b/hw/display/vga.c
> @@ -2291,7 +2291,7 @@ void vga_common_init(VGACommonState *s, Object *obj, bool global_vmstate)
>      s->vram_size_mb = s->vram_size >> 20;
>
>      s->is_vbe_vmstate = 1;
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram, obj, "vga.vram", s->vram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->vram, obj, "vga.vram", s->vram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram(&s->vram, global_vmstate ? NULL : DEVICE(obj));
>      xen_register_framebuffer(&s->vram);
>      s->vram_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->vram);
> diff --git a/hw/display/vmware_vga.c b/hw/display/vmware_vga.c
> index 591b645..a3738be 100644
> --- a/hw/display/vmware_vga.c
> +++ b/hw/display/vmware_vga.c
> @@ -1201,7 +1201,8 @@ static void vmsvga_init(DeviceState *dev, struct vmsvga_state_s *s,
>      s->vga.con = graphic_console_init(dev, 0, &vmsvga_ops, s);
>
>      s->fifo_size = SVGA_FIFO_SIZE;
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->fifo_ram, NULL, "vmsvga.fifo", s->fifo_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->fifo_ram, NULL, "vmsvga.fifo",
> +                                  s->fifo_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->fifo_ram);
>      s->fifo_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->fifo_ram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c b/hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c
> index de33657..f62d77e 100644
> --- a/hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c
> +++ b/hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c
> @@ -1943,7 +1943,7 @@ static void assigned_dev_load_option_rom(AssignedDevice *dev)
>
>      snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s.rom",
>              object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&dev->dev.rom, OBJECT(dev), name, st.st_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&dev->dev.rom, OBJECT(dev), name, st.st_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram(&dev->dev.rom, &dev->dev.qdev);
>      ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&dev->dev.rom);
>      memset(ptr, 0xff, st.st_size);
> diff --git a/hw/i386/pc.c b/hw/i386/pc.c
> index 2cf22b1..f503b0e 100644
> --- a/hw/i386/pc.c
> +++ b/hw/i386/pc.c
> @@ -1272,7 +1272,7 @@ FWCfgState *pc_memory_init(MachineState *machine,
>      pc_system_firmware_init(rom_memory, guest_info->isapc_ram_fw);
>
>      option_rom_mr = g_malloc(sizeof(*option_rom_mr));
> -    memory_region_init_ram(option_rom_mr, NULL, "pc.rom", PC_ROM_SIZE);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(option_rom_mr, NULL, "pc.rom", PC_ROM_SIZE);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(option_rom_mr);
>      memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory,
>                                          PC_ROM_MIN_VGA,
> diff --git a/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c b/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c
> index 75a7ebb..a15963b 100644
> --- a/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c
> +++ b/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c
> @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ static void pc_isa_bios_init(MemoryRegion *rom_memory,
>      /* map the last 128KB of the BIOS in ISA space */
>      isa_bios_size = MIN(flash_size, 128 * 1024);
>      isa_bios = g_malloc(sizeof(*isa_bios));
> -    memory_region_init_ram(isa_bios, NULL, "isa-bios", isa_bios_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(isa_bios, NULL, "isa-bios", isa_bios_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(isa_bios);
>      memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory,
>                                          0x100000 - isa_bios_size,
> @@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ static void old_pc_system_rom_init(MemoryRegion *rom_memory, bool isapc_ram_fw)
>          goto bios_error;
>      }
>      bios = g_malloc(sizeof(*bios));
> -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "pc.bios", bios_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "pc.bios", bios_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>      if (!isapc_ram_fw) {
>          memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
> diff --git a/hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c b/hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c
> index 1b4b8d4..b87fe84 100644
> --- a/hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c
> +++ b/hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c
> @@ -249,12 +249,12 @@ static int milkymist_softusb_init(SysBusDevice *dev)
>      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->regs_region);
>
>      /* register pmem and dmem */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->pmem, OBJECT(s), "milkymist-softusb.pmem",
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->pmem, OBJECT(s), "milkymist-softusb.pmem",
>                             s->pmem_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->pmem);
>      s->pmem_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->pmem);
>      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->pmem);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->dmem, OBJECT(s), "milkymist-softusb.dmem",
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->dmem, OBJECT(s), "milkymist-softusb.dmem",
>                             s->dmem_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->dmem);
>      s->dmem_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->dmem);
> diff --git a/hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c b/hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c
> index 0e01340..dd4debb 100644
> --- a/hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c
> +++ b/hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c
> @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ static void lm32_evr_init(MachineState *machine)
>
>      reset_info->flash_base = flash_base;
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "lm32_evr.sdram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "lm32_evr.sdram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ram_base, phys_ram);
>
> @@ -213,7 +213,8 @@ static void lm32_uclinux_init(MachineState *machine)
>
>      reset_info->flash_base = flash_base;
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "lm32_uclinux.sdram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "lm32_uclinux.sdram",
> +                                  ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ram_base, phys_ram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/lm32/milkymist.c b/hw/lm32/milkymist.c
> index 81c3933..e5fabd4 100644
> --- a/hw/lm32/milkymist.c
> +++ b/hw/lm32/milkymist.c
> @@ -118,7 +118,8 @@ milkymist_init(MachineState *machine)
>
>      cpu_lm32_set_phys_msb_ignore(env, 1);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_sdram, NULL, "milkymist.sdram", sdram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_sdram, NULL, "milkymist.sdram",
> +                                  sdram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_sdram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, sdram_base, phys_sdram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/m68k/an5206.c b/hw/m68k/an5206.c
> index 684496a..c6a8085 100644
> --- a/hw/m68k/an5206.c
> +++ b/hw/m68k/an5206.c
> @@ -50,12 +50,12 @@ static void an5206_init(MachineState *machine)
>      env->rambar0 = AN5206_RAMBAR_ADDR | 1;
>
>      /* DRAM at address zero */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "an5206.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "an5206.ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ram);
>
>      /* Internal SRAM.  */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "an5206.sram", 512);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "an5206.sram", 512);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, AN5206_RAMBAR_ADDR, sram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c b/hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c
> index 6db1b71..cf6f0fc 100644
> --- a/hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c
> +++ b/hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c
> @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ static void dummy_m68k_init(MachineState *machine)
>      env->vbr = 0;
>
>      /* RAM at address zero */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "dummy_m68k.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "dummy_m68k.ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c b/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
> index 2ef617f..c7ea48c 100644
> --- a/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
> +++ b/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
> @@ -218,12 +218,12 @@ static void mcf5208evb_init(MachineState *machine)
>      /* TODO: Configure BARs.  */
>
>      /* DRAM at 0x40000000 */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mcf5208.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mcf5208.ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x40000000, ram);
>
>      /* Internal SRAM.  */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "mcf5208.sram", 16384);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "mcf5208.sram", 16384);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x80000000, sram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
> index aea9c5b..19a9617 100644
> --- a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
> +++ b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
> @@ -99,12 +99,13 @@ petalogix_ml605_init(MachineState *machine)
>      object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(cpu), true, "realized", &error_abort);
>
>      /* Attach emulated BRAM through the LMB.  */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_lmb_bram, NULL, "petalogix_ml605.lmb_bram",
> -                           LMB_BRAM_SIZE);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_lmb_bram, NULL,
> +                                  "petalogix_ml605.lmb_bram", LMB_BRAM_SIZE);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_lmb_bram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x00000000, phys_lmb_bram);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "petalogix_ml605.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "petalogix_ml605.ram",
> +                                  ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ddr_base, phys_ram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
> index 49dc6d1..83bf27c 100644
> --- a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
> +++ b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
> @@ -80,12 +80,13 @@ petalogix_s3adsp1800_init(MachineState *machine)
>      cpu = cpu_mb_init(cpu_model);
>
>      /* Attach emulated BRAM through the LMB.  */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_lmb_bram, NULL,
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_lmb_bram, NULL,
>                             "petalogix_s3adsp1800.lmb_bram", LMB_BRAM_SIZE);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_lmb_bram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x00000000, phys_lmb_bram);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "petalogix_s3adsp1800.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "petalogix_s3adsp1800.ram",
> +                                  ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, ddr_base, phys_ram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c b/hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c
> index f7533ed..3b23a2e 100644
> --- a/hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c
> +++ b/hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c
> @@ -302,9 +302,9 @@ static void mips_fulong2e_init(MachineState *machine)
>      bios_size = 1024 * 1024;
>
>      /* allocate RAM */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "fulong2e.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "fulong2e.ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "fulong2e.bios", bios_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "fulong2e.bios", bios_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
>
> diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_jazz.c b/hw/mips/mips_jazz.c
> index c113a80..3eb1be4 100644
> --- a/hw/mips/mips_jazz.c
> +++ b/hw/mips/mips_jazz.c
> @@ -179,11 +179,12 @@ static void mips_jazz_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
>      cc->do_unassigned_access = mips_jazz_do_unassigned_access;
>
>      /* allocate RAM */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mips_jazz.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mips_jazz.ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, 0, ram);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "mips_jazz.bios", MAGNUM_BIOS_SIZE);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "mips_jazz.bios",
> +                                  MAGNUM_BIOS_SIZE);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
>      memory_region_init_alias(bios2, NULL, "mips_jazz.bios", bios,
> @@ -244,7 +245,7 @@ static void mips_jazz_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
>          {
>              /* Simple ROM, so user doesn't have to provide one */
>              MemoryRegion *rom_mr = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
> -            memory_region_init_ram(rom_mr, NULL, "g364fb.rom", 0x80000);
> +            memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom_mr, NULL, "g364fb.rom", 0x80000);
>              vmstate_register_ram_global(rom_mr);
>              memory_region_set_readonly(rom_mr, true);
>              uint8_t *rom = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(rom_mr);
> diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_malta.c b/hw/mips/mips_malta.c
> index cfb60af..f3e7a07 100644
> --- a/hw/mips/mips_malta.c
> +++ b/hw/mips/mips_malta.c
> @@ -992,7 +992,7 @@ void mips_malta_init(MachineState *machine)
>      }
>
>      /* register RAM at high address where it is undisturbed by IO */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram_high, NULL, "mips_malta.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_high, NULL, "mips_malta.ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_high);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0x80000000, ram_high);
>
> @@ -1116,7 +1116,7 @@ void mips_malta_init(MachineState *machine)
>       * handled by an overlapping region as the resulting ROM code subpage
>       * regions are not executable.
>       */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(bios_copy, NULL, "bios.1fc", BIOS_SIZE);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios_copy, NULL, "bios.1fc", BIOS_SIZE);
>      if (!rom_copy(memory_region_get_ram_ptr(bios_copy),
>                    FLASH_ADDRESS, BIOS_SIZE)) {
>          memcpy(memory_region_get_ram_ptr(bios_copy),
> diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c b/hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c
> index 413e64d..d2e158f 100644
> --- a/hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c
> +++ b/hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c
> @@ -171,9 +171,9 @@ mips_mipssim_init(MachineState *machine)
>      qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, reset_info);
>
>      /* Allocate RAM. */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mips_mipssim.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mips_mipssim.ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "mips_mipssim.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "mips_mipssim.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
>
> diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_r4k.c b/hw/mips/mips_r4k.c
> index 7120293..4479398 100644
> --- a/hw/mips/mips_r4k.c
> +++ b/hw/mips/mips_r4k.c
> @@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ void mips_r4k_init(MachineState *machine)
>                  ((unsigned int)ram_size / (1 << 20)));
>          exit(1);
>      }
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mips_r4k.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mips_r4k.ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ram);
> @@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ void mips_r4k_init(MachineState *machine)
>  #endif
>      if ((bios_size > 0) && (bios_size <= BIOS_SIZE)) {
>          bios = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
> -        memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "mips_r4k.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "mips_r4k.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>          vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>          memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
>          memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0x1fc00000, bios);
> diff --git a/hw/moxie/moxiesim.c b/hw/moxie/moxiesim.c
> index 430f841..8f54095 100644
> --- a/hw/moxie/moxiesim.c
> +++ b/hw/moxie/moxiesim.c
> @@ -123,11 +123,11 @@ static void moxiesim_init(MachineState *machine)
>      qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, cpu);
>
>      /* Allocate RAM. */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "moxiesim.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "moxiesim.ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ram_base, ram);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "moxie.rom", 128*0x1000);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "moxie.rom", 128*0x1000);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0x1000, rom);
>
> diff --git a/hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c b/hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c
> index c023351..b9e2d5f 100644
> --- a/hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c
> +++ b/hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c
> @@ -471,8 +471,8 @@ static int milkymist_minimac2_init(SysBusDevice *sbd)
>      sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->regs_region);
>
>      /* register buffers memory */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->buffers, OBJECT(dev), "milkymist-minimac2.buffers",
> -                           buffers_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->buffers, OBJECT(dev),
> +                                  "milkymist-minimac2.buffers", buffers_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->buffers);
>      s->rx0_buf = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->buffers);
>      s->rx1_buf = s->rx0_buf + MINIMAC2_BUFFER_SIZE;
> diff --git a/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c b/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c
> index b2b4f9b..e6c3c29 100644
> --- a/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c
> +++ b/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c
> @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ static void openrisc_sim_init(MachineState *machine)
>      }
>
>      ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "openrisc.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "openrisc.ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, ram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/pci-host/prep.c b/hw/pci-host/prep.c
> index ec6f186..6e22c69 100644
> --- a/hw/pci-host/prep.c
> +++ b/hw/pci-host/prep.c
> @@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ static int raven_init(PCIDevice *d)
>      d->config[0x0D] = 0x10; // latency_timer
>      d->config[0x34] = 0x00; // capabilities_pointer
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->bios, OBJECT(s), "bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->bios, OBJECT(s), "bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->bios, true);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), (uint32_t)(-BIOS_SIZE),
>                                  &s->bios);
> diff --git a/hw/pci/pci.c b/hw/pci/pci.c
> index 351d320..b613f97 100644
> --- a/hw/pci/pci.c
> +++ b/hw/pci/pci.c
> @@ -1974,7 +1974,7 @@ static int pci_add_option_rom(PCIDevice *pdev, bool is_default_rom)
>          snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s.rom", object_get_typename(OBJECT(pdev)));
>      }
>      pdev->has_rom = true;
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&pdev->rom, OBJECT(pdev), name, size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&pdev->rom, OBJECT(pdev), name, size);
>      vmstate_register_ram(&pdev->rom, &pdev->qdev);
>      ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&pdev->rom);
>      load_image(path, ptr);
> diff --git a/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c b/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
> index f5bccd2..38479c2 100644
> --- a/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
> +++ b/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
> @@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ static void ppc_core99_init(MachineState *machine)
>      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, ram);
>
>      /* allocate and load BIOS */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "ppc_core99.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "ppc_core99.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>
>      if (bios_name == NULL)
> diff --git a/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c b/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
> index cd9bdbc..c93092a 100644
> --- a/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
> +++ b/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
> @@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ static void ppc_heathrow_init(MachineState *machine)
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, ram);
>
>      /* allocate and load BIOS */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "ppc_heathrow.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "ppc_heathrow.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>
>      if (bios_name == NULL)
> diff --git a/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c b/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c
> index 11d3379..1441c45 100644
> --- a/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c
> +++ b/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c
> @@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ static void ref405ep_init(MachineState *machine)
>                          33333333, &pic, kernel_filename == NULL ? 0 : 1);
>      /* allocate SRAM */
>      sram_size = 512 * 1024;
> -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "ef405ep.sram", sram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "ef405ep.sram", sram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0xFFF00000, sram);
>      /* allocate and load BIOS */
> @@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ static void ref405ep_init(MachineState *machine)
>          printf("Load BIOS from file\n");
>  #endif
>          bios = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
> -        memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "ef405ep.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "ef405ep.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>          vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>
>          if (bios_name == NULL)
> @@ -572,7 +572,8 @@ static void taihu_405ep_init(MachineState *machine)
>          if (bios_name == NULL)
>              bios_name = BIOS_FILENAME;
>          bios = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
> -        memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "taihu_405ep.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "taihu_405ep.bios",
> +                                      BIOS_SIZE);
>          vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>          filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name);
>          if (filename) {
> diff --git a/hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c b/hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c
> index a73e918..cffb17e 100644
> --- a/hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c
> +++ b/hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c
> @@ -974,7 +974,7 @@ static void ppc405_ocm_init(CPUPPCState *env)
>
>      ocm = g_malloc0(sizeof(ppc405_ocm_t));
>      /* XXX: Size is 4096 or 0x04000000 */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&ocm->isarc_ram, NULL, "ppc405.ocm", 4096);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&ocm->isarc_ram, NULL, "ppc405.ocm", 4096);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&ocm->isarc_ram);
>      memory_region_init_alias(&ocm->dsarc_ram, NULL, "ppc405.dsarc", &ocm->isarc_ram,
>                               0, 4096);
> diff --git a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
> index 42f5cec..f2601e3 100644
> --- a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
> +++ b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
> @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ static void ccw_init(MachineState *machine)
>      virtio_ccw_register_hcalls();
>
>      /* allocate RAM */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "s390.ram", my_ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "s390.ram", my_ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, ram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c
> index 93c7ace..e2aad41 100644
> --- a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c
> +++ b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c
> @@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ static void s390_init(MachineState *machine)
>      s390_virtio_register_hcalls();
>
>      /* allocate RAM */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "s390.ram", my_ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "s390.ram", my_ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, ram);
>
> diff --git a/hw/sh4/r2d.c b/hw/sh4/r2d.c
> index 95c0246..02844b0 100644
> --- a/hw/sh4/r2d.c
> +++ b/hw/sh4/r2d.c
> @@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ static void r2d_init(MachineState *machine)
>      qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, reset_info);
>
>      /* Allocate memory space */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(sdram, NULL, "r2d.sdram", SDRAM_SIZE);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sdram, NULL, "r2d.sdram", SDRAM_SIZE);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(sdram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, SDRAM_BASE, sdram);
>      /* Register peripherals */
> diff --git a/hw/sh4/shix.c b/hw/sh4/shix.c
> index 7c152b4..3a6129b 100644
> --- a/hw/sh4/shix.c
> +++ b/hw/sh4/shix.c
> @@ -59,14 +59,14 @@ static void shix_init(MachineState *machine)
>      }
>
>      /* Allocate memory space */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "shix.rom", 0x4000);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "shix.rom", 0x4000);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(rom, true);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x00000000, rom);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&sdram[0], NULL, "shix.sdram1", 0x01000000);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&sdram[0], NULL, "shix.sdram1", 0x01000000);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&sdram[0]);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x08000000, &sdram[0]);
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&sdram[1], NULL, "shix.sdram2", 0x01000000);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&sdram[1], NULL, "shix.sdram2", 0x01000000);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&sdram[1]);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x0c000000, &sdram[1]);
>
> diff --git a/hw/sparc/leon3.c b/hw/sparc/leon3.c
> index 827383b..1a5da8e 100644
> --- a/hw/sparc/leon3.c
> +++ b/hw/sparc/leon3.c
> @@ -151,13 +151,13 @@ static void leon3_generic_hw_init(MachineState *machine)
>          exit(1);
>      }
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "leon3.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "leon3.ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x40000000, ram);
>
>      /* Allocate BIOS */
>      prom_size = 8 * 1024 * 1024; /* 8Mb */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(prom, NULL, "Leon3.bios", prom_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(prom, NULL, "Leon3.bios", prom_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(prom);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(prom, true);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x00000000, prom);
> diff --git a/hw/sparc/sun4m.c b/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
> index 67e3663..ad94351 100644
> --- a/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
> +++ b/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
> @@ -620,7 +620,7 @@ static int idreg_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
>  {
>      IDRegState *s = MACIO_ID_REGISTER(dev);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->mem, OBJECT(s),
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->mem, OBJECT(s),
>                             "sun4m.idreg", sizeof(idreg_data));
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->mem);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->mem, true);
> @@ -668,7 +668,7 @@ static int afx_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
>  {
>      AFXState *s = TCX_AFX(dev);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->mem, OBJECT(s), "sun4m.afx", 4);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->mem, OBJECT(s), "sun4m.afx", 4);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->mem);
>      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->mem);
>      return 0;
> @@ -742,7 +742,8 @@ static int prom_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
>  {
>      PROMState *s = OPENPROM(dev);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->prom, OBJECT(s), "sun4m.prom", PROM_SIZE_MAX);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->prom, OBJECT(s), "sun4m.prom",
> +                                  PROM_SIZE_MAX);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->prom);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->prom, true);
>      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->prom);
> @@ -784,7 +785,7 @@ static int ram_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
>  {
>      RamDevice *d = SUN4M_RAM(dev);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4m.ram", d->size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4m.ram", d->size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&d->ram);
>      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &d->ram);
>      return 0;
> diff --git a/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c b/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
> index 33c311b..1fe7fec 100644
> --- a/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
> +++ b/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
> @@ -686,7 +686,8 @@ static int prom_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
>  {
>      PROMState *s = OPENPROM(dev);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->prom, OBJECT(s), "sun4u.prom", PROM_SIZE_MAX);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->prom, OBJECT(s), "sun4u.prom",
> +                                  PROM_SIZE_MAX);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->prom);
>      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->prom, true);
>      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->prom);
> @@ -729,7 +730,7 @@ static int ram_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
>  {
>      RamDevice *d = SUN4U_RAM(dev);
>
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4u.ram", d->size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4u.ram", d->size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&d->ram);
>      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &d->ram);
>      return 0;
> diff --git a/hw/unicore32/puv3.c b/hw/unicore32/puv3.c
> index 08dd4d0..6983e71 100644
> --- a/hw/unicore32/puv3.c
> +++ b/hw/unicore32/puv3.c
> @@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ static void puv3_board_init(CPUUniCore32State *env, ram_addr_t ram_size)
>      MemoryRegion *ram_memory = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
>
>      /* SDRAM at address zero.  */
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram_memory, NULL, "puv3.ram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_memory, NULL, "puv3.ram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_memory);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, ram_memory);
>  }
> diff --git a/hw/xtensa/sim.c b/hw/xtensa/sim.c
> index 9642bf5..764c978 100644
> --- a/hw/xtensa/sim.c
> +++ b/hw/xtensa/sim.c
> @@ -79,12 +79,12 @@ static void xtensa_sim_init(MachineState *machine)
>      }
>
>      ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "xtensa.sram", ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "xtensa.sram", ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, ram);
>
>      rom = g_malloc(sizeof(*rom));
> -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "xtensa.rom", 0x1000);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "xtensa.rom", 0x1000);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0xfe000000, rom);
>
> diff --git a/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c b/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
> index a2dff5a..4315575 100644
> --- a/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
> +++ b/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
> @@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ static void lx60_net_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
>              sysbus_mmio_get_region(s, 1));
>
>      ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, OBJECT(s), "open_eth.ram", 16384);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, OBJECT(s), "open_eth.ram", 16384);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, buffers, ram);
>  }
> @@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ static void lx_init(const LxBoardDesc *board, MachineState *machine)
>      }
>
>      ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
> -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "lx60.dram", machine->ram_size);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "lx60.dram", machine->ram_size);
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>      memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0, ram);
>
> @@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ static void lx_init(const LxBoardDesc *board, MachineState *machine)
>          uint32_t cur_lowmem = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(lowmem_end / 2, 4096);
>
>          rom = g_malloc(sizeof(*rom));
> -        memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "lx60.sram", board->sram_size);
> +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "lx60.sram", board->sram_size);
>          vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
>          memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0xfe000000, rom);
>
> diff --git a/include/exec/memory.h b/include/exec/memory.h
> index 7ebcea6..c0a19e7 100644
> --- a/include/exec/memory.h
> +++ b/include/exec/memory.h
> @@ -321,18 +321,18 @@ void memory_region_init_ram_may_fail(MemoryRegion *mr,
>                                       Error **errp);
>
>  /**
> - * memory_region_init_ram:  Initialize RAM memory region.  Accesses into the
> - *                          region will modify memory directly.
> + * memory_region_init_ram_nofail:  Initialize RAM memory region.  Accesses into
> + *                                 the region will modify memory directly.
>   *
>   * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
>   * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count
>   * @name: the name of the region.
>   * @size: size of the region.
>   */
> -void memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
> -                            struct Object *owner,
> -                            const char *name,
> -                            uint64_t size);
> +void memory_region_init_ram_nofail(MemoryRegion *mr,
> +                                   struct Object *owner,
> +                                   const char *name,
> +                                   uint64_t size);
>
>  #ifdef __linux__
>  /**
> diff --git a/memory.c b/memory.c
> index f55f098..7bc7d59 100644
> --- a/memory.c
> +++ b/memory.c
> @@ -1174,10 +1174,10 @@ void memory_region_init_ram_may_fail(MemoryRegion *mr,
>      mr->ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(size, mr, errp);
>  }
>
> -void memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
> -                            Object *owner,
> -                            const char *name,
> -                            uint64_t size)
> +void memory_region_init_ram_nofail(MemoryRegion *mr,
> +                                   Object *owner,
> +                                   const char *name,
> +                                   uint64_t size)
>  {
>      Error *local_err = NULL;
>
> diff --git a/numa.c b/numa.c
> index 7bf7834..634e9d2 100644
> --- a/numa.c
> +++ b/numa.c
> @@ -263,14 +263,14 @@ static void allocate_system_memory_nonnuma(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
>          if (err) {
>              qerror_report_err(err);
>              error_free(err);
> -            memory_region_init_ram(mr, owner, name, ram_size);
> +            memory_region_init_ram_nofail(mr, owner, name, ram_size);
>          }
>  #else
>          fprintf(stderr, "-mem-path not supported on this host\n");
>          exit(1);
>  #endif
>      } else {
> -        memory_region_init_ram(mr, owner, name, ram_size);
> +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(mr, owner, name, ram_size);
>      }
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(mr);
>  }
> diff --git a/xen-hvm.c b/xen-hvm.c
> index a2486cf..5dfb6d5 100644
> --- a/xen-hvm.c
> +++ b/xen-hvm.c
> @@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ static void xen_ram_init(ram_addr_t *below_4g_mem_size,
>           */
>          block_len = (1ULL << 32) + *above_4g_mem_size;
>      }
> -    memory_region_init_ram(&ram_memory, NULL, "xen.ram", block_len);
> +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&ram_memory, NULL, "xen.ram", block_len);
>      *ram_memory_p = &ram_memory;
>      vmstate_register_ram_global(&ram_memory);
>
> --
> 1.9.3
>
>
Hu Tao Aug. 5, 2014, 7:05 a.m. UTC | #2
On Tue, Aug 05, 2014 at 04:42:37PM +1000, Peter Crosthwaite wrote:
> On Tue, Aug 5, 2014 at 3:56 PM, Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com> wrote:
> > Signed-off-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
> > ---
> >  hw/alpha/typhoon.c                       |  2 +-
> >  hw/arm/armv7m.c                          |  6 +++---
> >  hw/arm/cubieboard.c                      |  2 +-
> >  hw/arm/digic_boards.c                    |  2 +-
> >  hw/arm/exynos4210.c                      |  9 +++++----
> >  hw/arm/highbank.c                        |  4 ++--
> >  hw/arm/integratorcp.c                    |  5 +++--
> >  hw/arm/kzm.c                             |  4 ++--
> >  hw/arm/mainstone.c                       |  2 +-
> >  hw/arm/musicpal.c                        |  5 +++--
> >  hw/arm/omap1.c                           |  6 ++++--
> >  hw/arm/omap2.c                           |  4 ++--
> >  hw/arm/omap_sx1.c                        |  5 +++--
> >  hw/arm/palm.c                            |  2 +-
> >  hw/arm/pxa2xx.c                          |  9 +++++----
> >  hw/arm/realview.c                        |  7 ++++---
> >  hw/arm/spitz.c                           |  2 +-
> >  hw/arm/strongarm.c                       |  3 ++-
> >  hw/arm/tosa.c                            |  2 +-
> >  hw/arm/versatilepb.c                     |  3 ++-
> >  hw/arm/vexpress.c                        | 10 +++++-----
> >  hw/arm/virt.c                            |  3 ++-
> >  hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c                     |  4 ++--
> >  hw/block/onenand.c                       |  2 +-
> >  hw/core/loader.c                         |  2 +-
> >  hw/cris/axis_dev88.c                     |  5 +++--
> >  hw/display/cg3.c                         |  5 +++--
> >  hw/display/qxl.c                         |  6 +++---
> >  hw/display/sm501.c                       |  2 +-
> >  hw/display/tc6393xb.c                    |  2 +-
> >  hw/display/tcx.c                         |  5 +++--
> >  hw/display/vga.c                         |  2 +-
> >  hw/display/vmware_vga.c                  |  3 ++-
> >  hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c                 |  2 +-
> >  hw/i386/pc.c                             |  2 +-
> >  hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c                       |  4 ++--
> >  hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c             |  4 ++--
> >  hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c                    |  5 +++--
> >  hw/lm32/milkymist.c                      |  3 ++-
> >  hw/m68k/an5206.c                         |  4 ++--
> >  hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c                     |  2 +-
> >  hw/m68k/mcf5208.c                        |  4 ++--
> >  hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c      |  7 ++++---
> >  hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c |  5 +++--
> >  hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c                  |  4 ++--
> >  hw/mips/mips_jazz.c                      |  7 ++++---
> >  hw/mips/mips_malta.c                     |  4 ++--
> >  hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c                   |  4 ++--
> >  hw/mips/mips_r4k.c                       |  4 ++--
> >  hw/moxie/moxiesim.c                      |  4 ++--
> >  hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c              |  4 ++--
> >  hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c               |  2 +-
> >  hw/pci-host/prep.c                       |  2 +-
> >  hw/pci/pci.c                             |  2 +-
> >  hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c                    |  2 +-
> >  hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c                    |  2 +-
> >  hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c                   |  7 ++++---
> >  hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c                       |  2 +-
> >  hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c               |  2 +-
> >  hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c                   |  2 +-
> >  hw/sh4/r2d.c                             |  2 +-
> >  hw/sh4/shix.c                            |  6 +++---
> >  hw/sparc/leon3.c                         |  4 ++--
> >  hw/sparc/sun4m.c                         |  9 +++++----
> >  hw/sparc64/sun4u.c                       |  5 +++--
> >  hw/unicore32/puv3.c                      |  2 +-
> >  hw/xtensa/sim.c                          |  4 ++--
> >  hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c                       |  6 +++---
> >  include/exec/memory.h                    | 12 ++++++------
> >  memory.c                                 |  8 ++++----
> >  numa.c                                   |  4 ++--
> >  xen-hvm.c                                |  2 +-
> 
> If you are commiting to a tree-wide fixup, I think its best to get the
> just Error ** version in use tree wide and just drop may_fail and
> no_fail variants.

Agreed.

> 
> The only reason to add a second fn would be to avoid having to touch
> all the call sites which you have now done.

Yes.

> 
> Ultimately there should be one API used by all no_fail and may_fail
> call sites that accepts an Error **. "no fail" callsites pass in
> &error_abort. I think this is what you were suggesting in P1?

I didn't think error_abort. So it's simpler to first add Error ** to
API, update call sites to pass in &error_abort. This way we don't
introduce may_fail or no_fail at all.

> 
> I don't see this change as being much more minimal and it's at the
> expense of correctness.
> 
> Regards,
> Peter
> 
> >  72 files changed, 159 insertions(+), 136 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/alpha/typhoon.c b/hw/alpha/typhoon.c
> > index 67a1070..8b20393 100644
> > --- a/hw/alpha/typhoon.c
> > +++ b/hw/alpha/typhoon.c
> > @@ -843,7 +843,7 @@ PCIBus *typhoon_init(ram_addr_t ram_size, ISABus **isa_bus,
> >
> >      /* Main memory region, 0x00.0000.0000.  Real hardware supports 32GB,
> >         but the address space hole reserved at this point is 8TB.  */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->ram_region, OBJECT(s), "ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->ram_region, OBJECT(s), "ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->ram_region);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(addr_space, 0, &s->ram_region);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/armv7m.c b/hw/arm/armv7m.c
> > index 397e8df..1f05db1 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/armv7m.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/armv7m.c
> > @@ -210,11 +210,11 @@ qemu_irq *armv7m_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
> >  #endif
> >
> >      /* Flash programming is done via the SCU, so pretend it is ROM.  */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(flash, NULL, "armv7m.flash", flash_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(flash, NULL, "armv7m.flash", flash_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(flash);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(flash, true);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, flash);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "armv7m.sram", sram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "armv7m.sram", sram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x20000000, sram);
> >      armv7m_bitband_init();
> > @@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ qemu_irq *armv7m_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
> >      /* Hack to map an additional page of ram at the top of the address
> >         space.  This stops qemu complaining about executing code outside RAM
> >         when returning from an exception.  */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(hack, NULL, "armv7m.hack", 0x1000);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(hack, NULL, "armv7m.hack", 0x1000);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(hack);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0xfffff000, hack);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/cubieboard.c b/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
> > index e2260e3..4cbb344 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
> > @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ static void cubieboard_init(MachineState *machine)
> >          exit(1);
> >      }
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "cubieboard.ram",
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "cubieboard.ram",
> >                             machine->ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), AW_A10_SDRAM_BASE,
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/digic_boards.c b/hw/arm/digic_boards.c
> > index d1424ee..40bdddd 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/digic_boards.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/digic_boards.c
> > @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ typedef struct DigicBoard {
> >
> >  static void digic4_board_setup_ram(DigicBoardState *s, hwaddr ram_size)
> >  {
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->ram, NULL, "ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->ram, NULL, "ram", ram_size);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, &s->ram);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->ram);
> >  }
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/exynos4210.c b/hw/arm/exynos4210.c
> > index 6426d16..aa2adb6 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/exynos4210.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/exynos4210.c
> > @@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ Exynos4210State *exynos4210_init(MemoryRegion *system_mem,
> >                                  &s->chipid_mem);
> >
> >      /* Internal ROM */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->irom_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.irom",
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->irom_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.irom",
> >                             EXYNOS4210_IROM_SIZE);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->irom_mem);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->irom_mem, true);
> > @@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ Exynos4210State *exynos4210_init(MemoryRegion *system_mem,
> >                                  &s->irom_alias_mem);
> >
> >      /* Internal RAM */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->iram_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.iram",
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->iram_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.iram",
> >                             EXYNOS4210_IRAM_SIZE);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->iram_mem);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(system_mem, EXYNOS4210_IRAM_BASE_ADDR,
> > @@ -272,14 +272,15 @@ Exynos4210State *exynos4210_init(MemoryRegion *system_mem,
> >      /* DRAM */
> >      mem_size = ram_size;
> >      if (mem_size > EXYNOS4210_DRAM_MAX_SIZE) {
> > -        memory_region_init_ram(&s->dram1_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.dram1",
> > +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->dram1_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.dram1",
> >                  mem_size - EXYNOS4210_DRAM_MAX_SIZE);
> >          vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->dram1_mem);
> >          memory_region_add_subregion(system_mem, EXYNOS4210_DRAM1_BASE_ADDR,
> >                  &s->dram1_mem);
> >          mem_size = EXYNOS4210_DRAM_MAX_SIZE;
> >      }
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->dram0_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.dram0", mem_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->dram0_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.dram0",
> > +                                  mem_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->dram0_mem);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(system_mem, EXYNOS4210_DRAM0_BASE_ADDR,
> >              &s->dram0_mem);
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/highbank.c b/hw/arm/highbank.c
> > index 8340434..f64a679 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/highbank.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/highbank.c
> > @@ -255,12 +255,12 @@ static void calxeda_init(MachineState *machine, enum cxmachines machine_id)
> >
> >      sysmem = get_system_memory();
> >      dram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(dram, NULL, "highbank.dram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(dram, NULL, "highbank.dram", ram_size);
> >      /* SDRAM at address zero.  */
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, dram);
> >
> >      sysram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sysram, NULL, "highbank.sysram", 0x8000);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sysram, NULL, "highbank.sysram", 0x8000);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0xfff88000, sysram);
> >      if (bios_name != NULL) {
> >          sysboot_filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name);
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/integratorcp.c b/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
> > index 0e476c3..6cfb673 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
> > @@ -264,7 +264,8 @@ static int integratorcm_init(SysBusDevice *dev)
> >      s->cm_init = 0x00000112;
> >      s->cm_refcnt_offset = muldiv64(qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL), 24,
> >                                     1000);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->flash, OBJECT(s), "integrator.flash", 0x100000);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->flash, OBJECT(s), "integrator.flash",
> > +                                  0x100000);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->flash);
> >
> >      memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, OBJECT(s), &integratorcm_ops, s,
> > @@ -485,7 +486,7 @@ static void integratorcp_init(MachineState *machine)
> >          exit(1);
> >      }
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "integrator.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "integrator.ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      /* ??? On a real system the first 1Mb is mapped as SSRAM or boot flash.  */
> >      /* ??? RAM should repeat to fill physical memory space.  */
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/kzm.c b/hw/arm/kzm.c
> > index 0555d12..749201c 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/kzm.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/kzm.c
> > @@ -97,14 +97,14 @@ static void kzm_init(MachineState *machine)
> >
> >      /* On a real system, the first 16k is a `secure boot rom' */
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "kzm.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "kzm.ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, KZM_RAMADDRESS, ram);
> >
> >      memory_region_init_alias(ram_alias, NULL, "ram.alias", ram, 0, ram_size);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x88000000, ram_alias);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "kzm.sram", 0x4000);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "kzm.sram", 0x4000);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x1FFFC000, sram);
> >
> >      dev = sysbus_create_varargs("imx_avic", 0x68000000,
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/mainstone.c b/hw/arm/mainstone.c
> > index 44f1873..16489e7 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/mainstone.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/mainstone.c
> > @@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ static void mainstone_common_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
> >
> >      /* Setup CPU & memory */
> >      mpu = pxa270_init(address_space_mem, mainstone_binfo.ram_size, cpu_model);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "mainstone.rom", MAINSTONE_ROM);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "mainstone.rom", MAINSTONE_ROM);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(rom, true);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, rom);
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/musicpal.c b/hw/arm/musicpal.c
> > index 6a134f2..f69f6ee 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/musicpal.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/musicpal.c
> > @@ -1601,11 +1601,12 @@ static void musicpal_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      }
> >
> >      /* For now we use a fixed - the original - RAM size */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "musicpal.ram", MP_RAM_DEFAULT_SIZE);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "musicpal.ram",
> > +                                  MP_RAM_DEFAULT_SIZE);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ram);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "musicpal.sram", MP_SRAM_SIZE);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "musicpal.sram", MP_SRAM_SIZE);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, MP_SRAM_BASE, sram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/omap1.c b/hw/arm/omap1.c
> > index e7cc5d7..7ffaaca 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/omap1.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/omap1.c
> > @@ -3854,10 +3854,12 @@ struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap310_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *system_memory,
> >      omap_clk_init(s);
> >
> >      /* Memory-mapped stuff */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->emiff_ram, NULL, "omap1.dram", s->sdram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->emiff_ram, NULL, "omap1.dram",
> > +                                  s->sdram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->emiff_ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, OMAP_EMIFF_BASE, &s->emiff_ram);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->imif_ram, NULL, "omap1.sram", s->sram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->imif_ram, NULL, "omap1.sram",
> > +                                  s->sram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->imif_ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, OMAP_IMIF_BASE, &s->imif_ram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/omap2.c b/hw/arm/omap2.c
> > index dc53a7a..1fc7582 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/omap2.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/omap2.c
> > @@ -2266,10 +2266,10 @@ struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap2420_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem,
> >      omap_clk_init(s);
> >
> >      /* Memory-mapped stuff */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "omap2.dram", s->sdram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "omap2.dram", s->sdram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, OMAP2_Q2_BASE, &s->sdram);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sram, NULL, "omap2.sram", s->sram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sram, NULL, "omap2.sram", s->sram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, OMAP2_SRAM_BASE, &s->sram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/omap_sx1.c b/hw/arm/omap_sx1.c
> > index b4f6da6..313a4f5 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/omap_sx1.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/omap_sx1.c
> > @@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ static void sx1_init(MachineState *machine, const int version)
> >                             machine->cpu_model);
> >
> >      /* External Flash (EMIFS) */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(flash, NULL, "omap_sx1.flash0-0", flash_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(flash, NULL, "omap_sx1.flash0-0", flash_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(flash);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(flash, true);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, OMAP_CS0_BASE, flash);
> > @@ -164,7 +164,8 @@ static void sx1_init(MachineState *machine, const int version)
> >
> >      if ((version == 1) &&
> >              (dinfo = drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, fl_idx)) != NULL) {
> > -        memory_region_init_ram(flash_1, NULL, "omap_sx1.flash1-0", flash1_size);
> > +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(flash_1, NULL, "omap_sx1.flash1-0",
> > +                                      flash1_size);
> >          vmstate_register_ram_global(flash_1);
> >          memory_region_set_readonly(flash_1, true);
> >          memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, OMAP_CS1_BASE, flash_1);
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/palm.c b/hw/arm/palm.c
> > index e61995f..7f37b6d 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/palm.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/palm.c
> > @@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ static void palmte_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      mpu = omap310_mpu_init(address_space_mem, sdram_size, cpu_model);
> >
> >      /* External Flash (EMIFS) */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(flash, NULL, "palmte.flash", flash_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(flash, NULL, "palmte.flash", flash_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(flash);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(flash, true);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, OMAP_CS0_BASE, flash);
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c b/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c
> > index 557e0f1..78cd6d2 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c
> > @@ -2055,10 +2055,11 @@ PXA2xxState *pxa270_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
> >      s->reset = qemu_allocate_irq(pxa2xx_reset, s, 0);
> >
> >      /* SDRAM & Internal Memory Storage */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "pxa270.sdram", sdram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "pxa270.sdram", sdram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, PXA2XX_SDRAM_BASE, &s->sdram);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->internal, NULL, "pxa270.internal", 0x40000);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->internal, NULL, "pxa270.internal",
> > +                                  0x40000);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->internal);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, PXA2XX_INTERNAL_BASE,
> >                                  &s->internal);
> > @@ -2186,10 +2187,10 @@ PXA2xxState *pxa255_init(MemoryRegion *address_space, unsigned int sdram_size)
> >      s->reset = qemu_allocate_irq(pxa2xx_reset, s, 0);
> >
> >      /* SDRAM & Internal Memory Storage */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "pxa255.sdram", sdram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "pxa255.sdram", sdram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, PXA2XX_SDRAM_BASE, &s->sdram);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->internal, NULL, "pxa255.internal",
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->internal, NULL, "pxa255.internal",
> >                             PXA2XX_INTERNAL_SIZE);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->internal);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, PXA2XX_INTERNAL_BASE,
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/realview.c b/hw/arm/realview.c
> > index 64b9251..a8f374b 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/realview.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/realview.c
> > @@ -137,12 +137,13 @@ static void realview_init(MachineState *machine,
> >          /* Core tile RAM.  */
> >          low_ram_size = ram_size - 0x20000000;
> >          ram_size = 0x20000000;
> > -        memory_region_init_ram(ram_lo, NULL, "realview.lowmem", low_ram_size);
> > +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_lo, NULL, "realview.lowmem",
> > +                                      low_ram_size);
> >          vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_lo);
> >          memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x20000000, ram_lo);
> >      }
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram_hi, NULL, "realview.highmem", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_hi, NULL, "realview.highmem", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_hi);
> >      low_ram_size = ram_size;
> >      if (low_ram_size > 0x10000000)
> > @@ -337,7 +338,7 @@ static void realview_init(MachineState *machine,
> >         startup code.  I guess this works on real hardware because the
> >         BootROM happens to be in ROM/flash or in memory that isn't clobbered
> >         until after Linux boots the secondary CPUs.  */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram_hack, NULL, "realview.hack", 0x1000);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_hack, NULL, "realview.hack", 0x1000);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_hack);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, SMP_BOOT_ADDR, ram_hack);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/spitz.c b/hw/arm/spitz.c
> > index 03cc6ce..9f54a55 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/spitz.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/spitz.c
> > @@ -912,7 +912,7 @@ static void spitz_common_init(MachineState *machine,
> >
> >      sl_flash_register(mpu, (model == spitz) ? FLASH_128M : FLASH_1024M);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "spitz.rom", SPITZ_ROM);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "spitz.rom", SPITZ_ROM);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(rom, true);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, rom);
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/strongarm.c b/hw/arm/strongarm.c
> > index 9e2a0d4..29212a1 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/strongarm.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/strongarm.c
> > @@ -1604,7 +1604,8 @@ StrongARMState *sa1110_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem,
> >          exit(1);
> >      }
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "strongarm.sdram", sdram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "strongarm.sdram",
> > +                                  sdram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, SA_SDCS0, &s->sdram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/tosa.c b/hw/arm/tosa.c
> > index abc0f2a..94b7259 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/tosa.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/tosa.c
> > @@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ static void tosa_init(MachineState *machine)
> >
> >      mpu = pxa255_init(address_space_mem, tosa_binfo.ram_size);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "tosa.rom", TOSA_ROM);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "tosa.rom", TOSA_ROM);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(rom, true);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, rom);
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/versatilepb.c b/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
> > index dea5fc7..d878a2e 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
> > @@ -198,7 +198,8 @@ static void versatile_init(MachineState *machine, int board_id)
> >          fprintf(stderr, "Unable to find CPU definition\n");
> >          exit(1);
> >      }
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "versatile.ram", machine->ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "versatile.ram",
> > +                                  machine->ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      /* ??? RAM should repeat to fill physical memory space.  */
> >      /* SDRAM at address zero.  */
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/vexpress.c b/hw/arm/vexpress.c
> > index a88732c..ef47244 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/vexpress.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/vexpress.c
> > @@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ static void a9_daughterboard_init(const VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
> >          exit(1);
> >      }
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      low_ram_size = ram_size;
> >      if (low_ram_size > 0x4000000) {
> > @@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ static void a15_daughterboard_init(const VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
> >          }
> >      }
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      /* RAM is from 0x80000000 upwards; there is no low-memory alias for it. */
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x80000000, ram);
> > @@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ static void a15_daughterboard_init(const VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
> >      /* 0x2b060000: SP805 watchdog: not modelled */
> >      /* 0x2b0a0000: PL341 dynamic memory controller: not modelled */
> >      /* 0x2e000000: system SRAM */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "vexpress.a15sram", 0x10000);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "vexpress.a15sram", 0x10000);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x2e000000, sram);
> >
> > @@ -634,12 +634,12 @@ static void vexpress_common_init(VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
> >      }
> >
> >      sram_size = 0x2000000;
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "vexpress.sram", sram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "vexpress.sram", sram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, map[VE_SRAM], sram);
> >
> >      vram_size = 0x800000;
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(vram, NULL, "vexpress.vram", vram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(vram, NULL, "vexpress.vram", vram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(vram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, map[VE_VIDEORAM], vram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/virt.c b/hw/arm/virt.c
> > index 89532bd..1bb33bb 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/virt.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/virt.c
> > @@ -489,7 +489,8 @@ static void machvirt_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      fdt_add_cpu_nodes(vbi);
> >      fdt_add_psci_node(vbi);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mach-virt.ram", machine->ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mach-virt.ram",
> > +                                  machine->ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, vbi->memmap[VIRT_MEM].base, ram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c b/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
> > index ba5aa82..ab5d1ca 100644
> > --- a/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
> > +++ b/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
> > @@ -149,12 +149,12 @@ static void zynq_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      }
> >
> >      /* DDR remapped to address zero.  */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ext_ram, NULL, "zynq.ext_ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ext_ram, NULL, "zynq.ext_ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ext_ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ext_ram);
> >
> >      /* 256K of on-chip memory */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ocm_ram, NULL, "zynq.ocm_ram", 256 << 10);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ocm_ram, NULL, "zynq.ocm_ram", 256 << 10);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ocm_ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0xFFFC0000, ocm_ram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/block/onenand.c b/hw/block/onenand.c
> > index 5388122..e7b5d6c 100644
> > --- a/hw/block/onenand.c
> > +++ b/hw/block/onenand.c
> > @@ -788,7 +788,7 @@ static int onenand_initfn(SysBusDevice *sbd)
> >      }
> >      s->otp = memset(g_malloc((64 + 2) << PAGE_SHIFT),
> >                      0xff, (64 + 2) << PAGE_SHIFT);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->ram, OBJECT(s), "onenand.ram",
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->ram, OBJECT(s), "onenand.ram",
> >                             0xc000 << s->shift);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->ram);
> >      ram = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->ram);
> > diff --git a/hw/core/loader.c b/hw/core/loader.c
> > index 2bf6b8f..fdebf86 100644
> > --- a/hw/core/loader.c
> > +++ b/hw/core/loader.c
> > @@ -632,7 +632,7 @@ static void *rom_set_mr(Rom *rom, Object *owner, const char *name)
> >      void *data;
> >
> >      rom->mr = g_malloc(sizeof(*rom->mr));
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(rom->mr, owner, name, rom->datasize);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom->mr, owner, name, rom->datasize);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(rom->mr, true);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom->mr);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c b/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c
> > index 1849338..7e30525 100644
> > --- a/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c
> > +++ b/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c
> > @@ -270,13 +270,14 @@ void axisdev88_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      env = &cpu->env;
> >
> >      /* allocate RAM */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "axisdev88.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "axisdev88.ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x40000000, phys_ram);
> >
> >      /* The ETRAX-FS has 128Kb on chip ram, the docs refer to it as the
> >         internal memory.  */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_intmem, NULL, "axisdev88.chipram", INTMEM_SIZE);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_intmem, NULL, "axisdev88.chipram",
> > +                                  INTMEM_SIZE);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_intmem);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x38000000, phys_intmem);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/display/cg3.c b/hw/display/cg3.c
> > index 65ef7a7..9197cb6 100644
> > --- a/hw/display/cg3.c
> > +++ b/hw/display/cg3.c
> > @@ -279,7 +279,8 @@ static void cg3_initfn(Object *obj)
> >      SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
> >      CG3State *s = CG3(obj);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->rom, NULL, "cg3.prom", FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->rom, NULL, "cg3.prom",
> > +                                  FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->rom, true);
> >      sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->rom);
> >
> > @@ -306,7 +307,7 @@ static void cg3_realizefn(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
> >          }
> >      }
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram_mem, NULL, "cg3.vram", s->vram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->vram_mem, NULL, "cg3.vram", s->vram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->vram_mem);
> >      sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->vram_mem);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/display/qxl.c b/hw/display/qxl.c
> > index d43aa49..da76804 100644
> > --- a/hw/display/qxl.c
> > +++ b/hw/display/qxl.c
> > @@ -1978,14 +1978,14 @@ static int qxl_init_common(PCIQXLDevice *qxl)
> >      pci_set_byte(&config[PCI_INTERRUPT_PIN], 1);
> >
> >      qxl->rom_size = qxl_rom_size();
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&qxl->rom_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vrom",
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&qxl->rom_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vrom",
> >                             qxl->rom_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram(&qxl->rom_bar, &qxl->pci.qdev);
> >      init_qxl_rom(qxl);
> >      init_qxl_ram(qxl);
> >
> >      qxl->guest_surfaces.cmds = g_new0(QXLPHYSICAL, qxl->ssd.num_surfaces);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&qxl->vram_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vram",
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&qxl->vram_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vram",
> >                             qxl->vram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram(&qxl->vram_bar, &qxl->pci.qdev);
> >      memory_region_init_alias(&qxl->vram32_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vram32",
> > @@ -2093,7 +2093,7 @@ static int qxl_init_secondary(PCIDevice *dev)
> >
> >      qxl->id = device_id++;
> >      qxl_init_ramsize(qxl);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&qxl->vga.vram, OBJECT(dev), "qxl.vgavram",
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&qxl->vga.vram, OBJECT(dev), "qxl.vgavram",
> >                             qxl->vga.vram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram(&qxl->vga.vram, &qxl->pci.qdev);
> >      qxl->vga.vram_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&qxl->vga.vram);
> > diff --git a/hw/display/sm501.c b/hw/display/sm501.c
> > index eedf2d4..a8b0285 100644
> > --- a/hw/display/sm501.c
> > +++ b/hw/display/sm501.c
> > @@ -1409,7 +1409,7 @@ void sm501_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem, uint32_t base,
> >      s->dc_crt_control = 0x00010000;
> >
> >      /* allocate local memory */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->local_mem_region, NULL, "sm501.local",
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->local_mem_region, NULL, "sm501.local",
> >                             local_mem_bytes);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->local_mem_region);
> >      s->local_mem = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->local_mem_region);
> > diff --git a/hw/display/tc6393xb.c b/hw/display/tc6393xb.c
> > index f4011d2..9c649d5 100644
> > --- a/hw/display/tc6393xb.c
> > +++ b/hw/display/tc6393xb.c
> > @@ -581,7 +581,7 @@ TC6393xbState *tc6393xb_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem, uint32_t base, qemu_irq irq)
> >      memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, NULL, &tc6393xb_ops, s, "tc6393xb", 0x10000);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, base, &s->iomem);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram, NULL, "tc6393xb.vram", 0x100000);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->vram, NULL, "tc6393xb.vram", 0x100000);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->vram);
> >      s->vram_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->vram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, base + 0x100000, &s->vram);
> > diff --git a/hw/display/tcx.c b/hw/display/tcx.c
> > index 28c742c..aa22340 100644
> > --- a/hw/display/tcx.c
> > +++ b/hw/display/tcx.c
> > @@ -535,7 +535,8 @@ static void tcx_initfn(Object *obj)
> >      SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
> >      TCXState *s = TCX(obj);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->rom, NULL, "tcx.prom", FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->rom, NULL, "tcx.prom",
> > +                                  FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->rom, true);
> >      sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->rom);
> >
> > @@ -566,7 +567,7 @@ static void tcx_realizefn(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
> >      uint8_t *vram_base;
> >      char *fcode_filename;
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram_mem, OBJECT(s), "tcx.vram",
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->vram_mem, OBJECT(s), "tcx.vram",
> >                             s->vram_size * (1 + 4 + 4));
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->vram_mem);
> >      vram_base = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->vram_mem);
> > diff --git a/hw/display/vga.c b/hw/display/vga.c
> > index 4b089a3..f17a4b4 100644
> > --- a/hw/display/vga.c
> > +++ b/hw/display/vga.c
> > @@ -2291,7 +2291,7 @@ void vga_common_init(VGACommonState *s, Object *obj, bool global_vmstate)
> >      s->vram_size_mb = s->vram_size >> 20;
> >
> >      s->is_vbe_vmstate = 1;
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram, obj, "vga.vram", s->vram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->vram, obj, "vga.vram", s->vram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram(&s->vram, global_vmstate ? NULL : DEVICE(obj));
> >      xen_register_framebuffer(&s->vram);
> >      s->vram_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->vram);
> > diff --git a/hw/display/vmware_vga.c b/hw/display/vmware_vga.c
> > index 591b645..a3738be 100644
> > --- a/hw/display/vmware_vga.c
> > +++ b/hw/display/vmware_vga.c
> > @@ -1201,7 +1201,8 @@ static void vmsvga_init(DeviceState *dev, struct vmsvga_state_s *s,
> >      s->vga.con = graphic_console_init(dev, 0, &vmsvga_ops, s);
> >
> >      s->fifo_size = SVGA_FIFO_SIZE;
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->fifo_ram, NULL, "vmsvga.fifo", s->fifo_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->fifo_ram, NULL, "vmsvga.fifo",
> > +                                  s->fifo_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->fifo_ram);
> >      s->fifo_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->fifo_ram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c b/hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c
> > index de33657..f62d77e 100644
> > --- a/hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c
> > +++ b/hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c
> > @@ -1943,7 +1943,7 @@ static void assigned_dev_load_option_rom(AssignedDevice *dev)
> >
> >      snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s.rom",
> >              object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&dev->dev.rom, OBJECT(dev), name, st.st_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&dev->dev.rom, OBJECT(dev), name, st.st_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram(&dev->dev.rom, &dev->dev.qdev);
> >      ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&dev->dev.rom);
> >      memset(ptr, 0xff, st.st_size);
> > diff --git a/hw/i386/pc.c b/hw/i386/pc.c
> > index 2cf22b1..f503b0e 100644
> > --- a/hw/i386/pc.c
> > +++ b/hw/i386/pc.c
> > @@ -1272,7 +1272,7 @@ FWCfgState *pc_memory_init(MachineState *machine,
> >      pc_system_firmware_init(rom_memory, guest_info->isapc_ram_fw);
> >
> >      option_rom_mr = g_malloc(sizeof(*option_rom_mr));
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(option_rom_mr, NULL, "pc.rom", PC_ROM_SIZE);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(option_rom_mr, NULL, "pc.rom", PC_ROM_SIZE);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(option_rom_mr);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory,
> >                                          PC_ROM_MIN_VGA,
> > diff --git a/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c b/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c
> > index 75a7ebb..a15963b 100644
> > --- a/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c
> > +++ b/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c
> > @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ static void pc_isa_bios_init(MemoryRegion *rom_memory,
> >      /* map the last 128KB of the BIOS in ISA space */
> >      isa_bios_size = MIN(flash_size, 128 * 1024);
> >      isa_bios = g_malloc(sizeof(*isa_bios));
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(isa_bios, NULL, "isa-bios", isa_bios_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(isa_bios, NULL, "isa-bios", isa_bios_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(isa_bios);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory,
> >                                          0x100000 - isa_bios_size,
> > @@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ static void old_pc_system_rom_init(MemoryRegion *rom_memory, bool isapc_ram_fw)
> >          goto bios_error;
> >      }
> >      bios = g_malloc(sizeof(*bios));
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "pc.bios", bios_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "pc.bios", bios_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
> >      if (!isapc_ram_fw) {
> >          memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
> > diff --git a/hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c b/hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c
> > index 1b4b8d4..b87fe84 100644
> > --- a/hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c
> > +++ b/hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c
> > @@ -249,12 +249,12 @@ static int milkymist_softusb_init(SysBusDevice *dev)
> >      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->regs_region);
> >
> >      /* register pmem and dmem */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->pmem, OBJECT(s), "milkymist-softusb.pmem",
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->pmem, OBJECT(s), "milkymist-softusb.pmem",
> >                             s->pmem_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->pmem);
> >      s->pmem_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->pmem);
> >      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->pmem);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->dmem, OBJECT(s), "milkymist-softusb.dmem",
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->dmem, OBJECT(s), "milkymist-softusb.dmem",
> >                             s->dmem_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->dmem);
> >      s->dmem_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->dmem);
> > diff --git a/hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c b/hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c
> > index 0e01340..dd4debb 100644
> > --- a/hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c
> > +++ b/hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c
> > @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ static void lm32_evr_init(MachineState *machine)
> >
> >      reset_info->flash_base = flash_base;
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "lm32_evr.sdram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "lm32_evr.sdram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ram_base, phys_ram);
> >
> > @@ -213,7 +213,8 @@ static void lm32_uclinux_init(MachineState *machine)
> >
> >      reset_info->flash_base = flash_base;
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "lm32_uclinux.sdram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "lm32_uclinux.sdram",
> > +                                  ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ram_base, phys_ram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/lm32/milkymist.c b/hw/lm32/milkymist.c
> > index 81c3933..e5fabd4 100644
> > --- a/hw/lm32/milkymist.c
> > +++ b/hw/lm32/milkymist.c
> > @@ -118,7 +118,8 @@ milkymist_init(MachineState *machine)
> >
> >      cpu_lm32_set_phys_msb_ignore(env, 1);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_sdram, NULL, "milkymist.sdram", sdram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_sdram, NULL, "milkymist.sdram",
> > +                                  sdram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_sdram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, sdram_base, phys_sdram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/m68k/an5206.c b/hw/m68k/an5206.c
> > index 684496a..c6a8085 100644
> > --- a/hw/m68k/an5206.c
> > +++ b/hw/m68k/an5206.c
> > @@ -50,12 +50,12 @@ static void an5206_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      env->rambar0 = AN5206_RAMBAR_ADDR | 1;
> >
> >      /* DRAM at address zero */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "an5206.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "an5206.ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ram);
> >
> >      /* Internal SRAM.  */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "an5206.sram", 512);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "an5206.sram", 512);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, AN5206_RAMBAR_ADDR, sram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c b/hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c
> > index 6db1b71..cf6f0fc 100644
> > --- a/hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c
> > +++ b/hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c
> > @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ static void dummy_m68k_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      env->vbr = 0;
> >
> >      /* RAM at address zero */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "dummy_m68k.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "dummy_m68k.ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c b/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
> > index 2ef617f..c7ea48c 100644
> > --- a/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
> > +++ b/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
> > @@ -218,12 +218,12 @@ static void mcf5208evb_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      /* TODO: Configure BARs.  */
> >
> >      /* DRAM at 0x40000000 */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mcf5208.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mcf5208.ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x40000000, ram);
> >
> >      /* Internal SRAM.  */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "mcf5208.sram", 16384);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "mcf5208.sram", 16384);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x80000000, sram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
> > index aea9c5b..19a9617 100644
> > --- a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
> > +++ b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
> > @@ -99,12 +99,13 @@ petalogix_ml605_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(cpu), true, "realized", &error_abort);
> >
> >      /* Attach emulated BRAM through the LMB.  */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_lmb_bram, NULL, "petalogix_ml605.lmb_bram",
> > -                           LMB_BRAM_SIZE);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_lmb_bram, NULL,
> > +                                  "petalogix_ml605.lmb_bram", LMB_BRAM_SIZE);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_lmb_bram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x00000000, phys_lmb_bram);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "petalogix_ml605.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "petalogix_ml605.ram",
> > +                                  ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ddr_base, phys_ram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
> > index 49dc6d1..83bf27c 100644
> > --- a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
> > +++ b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
> > @@ -80,12 +80,13 @@ petalogix_s3adsp1800_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      cpu = cpu_mb_init(cpu_model);
> >
> >      /* Attach emulated BRAM through the LMB.  */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_lmb_bram, NULL,
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_lmb_bram, NULL,
> >                             "petalogix_s3adsp1800.lmb_bram", LMB_BRAM_SIZE);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_lmb_bram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x00000000, phys_lmb_bram);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "petalogix_s3adsp1800.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "petalogix_s3adsp1800.ram",
> > +                                  ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, ddr_base, phys_ram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c b/hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c
> > index f7533ed..3b23a2e 100644
> > --- a/hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c
> > +++ b/hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c
> > @@ -302,9 +302,9 @@ static void mips_fulong2e_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      bios_size = 1024 * 1024;
> >
> >      /* allocate RAM */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "fulong2e.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "fulong2e.ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "fulong2e.bios", bios_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "fulong2e.bios", bios_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_jazz.c b/hw/mips/mips_jazz.c
> > index c113a80..3eb1be4 100644
> > --- a/hw/mips/mips_jazz.c
> > +++ b/hw/mips/mips_jazz.c
> > @@ -179,11 +179,12 @@ static void mips_jazz_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
> >      cc->do_unassigned_access = mips_jazz_do_unassigned_access;
> >
> >      /* allocate RAM */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mips_jazz.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mips_jazz.ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, 0, ram);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "mips_jazz.bios", MAGNUM_BIOS_SIZE);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "mips_jazz.bios",
> > +                                  MAGNUM_BIOS_SIZE);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
> >      memory_region_init_alias(bios2, NULL, "mips_jazz.bios", bios,
> > @@ -244,7 +245,7 @@ static void mips_jazz_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
> >          {
> >              /* Simple ROM, so user doesn't have to provide one */
> >              MemoryRegion *rom_mr = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
> > -            memory_region_init_ram(rom_mr, NULL, "g364fb.rom", 0x80000);
> > +            memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom_mr, NULL, "g364fb.rom", 0x80000);
> >              vmstate_register_ram_global(rom_mr);
> >              memory_region_set_readonly(rom_mr, true);
> >              uint8_t *rom = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(rom_mr);
> > diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_malta.c b/hw/mips/mips_malta.c
> > index cfb60af..f3e7a07 100644
> > --- a/hw/mips/mips_malta.c
> > +++ b/hw/mips/mips_malta.c
> > @@ -992,7 +992,7 @@ void mips_malta_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      }
> >
> >      /* register RAM at high address where it is undisturbed by IO */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram_high, NULL, "mips_malta.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_high, NULL, "mips_malta.ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_high);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0x80000000, ram_high);
> >
> > @@ -1116,7 +1116,7 @@ void mips_malta_init(MachineState *machine)
> >       * handled by an overlapping region as the resulting ROM code subpage
> >       * regions are not executable.
> >       */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(bios_copy, NULL, "bios.1fc", BIOS_SIZE);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios_copy, NULL, "bios.1fc", BIOS_SIZE);
> >      if (!rom_copy(memory_region_get_ram_ptr(bios_copy),
> >                    FLASH_ADDRESS, BIOS_SIZE)) {
> >          memcpy(memory_region_get_ram_ptr(bios_copy),
> > diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c b/hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c
> > index 413e64d..d2e158f 100644
> > --- a/hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c
> > +++ b/hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c
> > @@ -171,9 +171,9 @@ mips_mipssim_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, reset_info);
> >
> >      /* Allocate RAM. */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mips_mipssim.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mips_mipssim.ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "mips_mipssim.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "mips_mipssim.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_r4k.c b/hw/mips/mips_r4k.c
> > index 7120293..4479398 100644
> > --- a/hw/mips/mips_r4k.c
> > +++ b/hw/mips/mips_r4k.c
> > @@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ void mips_r4k_init(MachineState *machine)
> >                  ((unsigned int)ram_size / (1 << 20)));
> >          exit(1);
> >      }
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mips_r4k.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mips_r4k.ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ram);
> > @@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ void mips_r4k_init(MachineState *machine)
> >  #endif
> >      if ((bios_size > 0) && (bios_size <= BIOS_SIZE)) {
> >          bios = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
> > -        memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "mips_r4k.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> > +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "mips_r4k.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> >          vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
> >          memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
> >          memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0x1fc00000, bios);
> > diff --git a/hw/moxie/moxiesim.c b/hw/moxie/moxiesim.c
> > index 430f841..8f54095 100644
> > --- a/hw/moxie/moxiesim.c
> > +++ b/hw/moxie/moxiesim.c
> > @@ -123,11 +123,11 @@ static void moxiesim_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, cpu);
> >
> >      /* Allocate RAM. */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "moxiesim.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "moxiesim.ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ram_base, ram);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "moxie.rom", 128*0x1000);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "moxie.rom", 128*0x1000);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0x1000, rom);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c b/hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c
> > index c023351..b9e2d5f 100644
> > --- a/hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c
> > +++ b/hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c
> > @@ -471,8 +471,8 @@ static int milkymist_minimac2_init(SysBusDevice *sbd)
> >      sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->regs_region);
> >
> >      /* register buffers memory */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->buffers, OBJECT(dev), "milkymist-minimac2.buffers",
> > -                           buffers_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->buffers, OBJECT(dev),
> > +                                  "milkymist-minimac2.buffers", buffers_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->buffers);
> >      s->rx0_buf = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->buffers);
> >      s->rx1_buf = s->rx0_buf + MINIMAC2_BUFFER_SIZE;
> > diff --git a/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c b/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c
> > index b2b4f9b..e6c3c29 100644
> > --- a/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c
> > +++ b/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c
> > @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ static void openrisc_sim_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      }
> >
> >      ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "openrisc.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "openrisc.ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, ram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/pci-host/prep.c b/hw/pci-host/prep.c
> > index ec6f186..6e22c69 100644
> > --- a/hw/pci-host/prep.c
> > +++ b/hw/pci-host/prep.c
> > @@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ static int raven_init(PCIDevice *d)
> >      d->config[0x0D] = 0x10; // latency_timer
> >      d->config[0x34] = 0x00; // capabilities_pointer
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->bios, OBJECT(s), "bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->bios, OBJECT(s), "bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->bios, true);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), (uint32_t)(-BIOS_SIZE),
> >                                  &s->bios);
> > diff --git a/hw/pci/pci.c b/hw/pci/pci.c
> > index 351d320..b613f97 100644
> > --- a/hw/pci/pci.c
> > +++ b/hw/pci/pci.c
> > @@ -1974,7 +1974,7 @@ static int pci_add_option_rom(PCIDevice *pdev, bool is_default_rom)
> >          snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s.rom", object_get_typename(OBJECT(pdev)));
> >      }
> >      pdev->has_rom = true;
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&pdev->rom, OBJECT(pdev), name, size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&pdev->rom, OBJECT(pdev), name, size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram(&pdev->rom, &pdev->qdev);
> >      ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&pdev->rom);
> >      load_image(path, ptr);
> > diff --git a/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c b/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
> > index f5bccd2..38479c2 100644
> > --- a/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
> > +++ b/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
> > @@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ static void ppc_core99_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, ram);
> >
> >      /* allocate and load BIOS */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "ppc_core99.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "ppc_core99.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
> >
> >      if (bios_name == NULL)
> > diff --git a/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c b/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
> > index cd9bdbc..c93092a 100644
> > --- a/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
> > +++ b/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
> > @@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ static void ppc_heathrow_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, ram);
> >
> >      /* allocate and load BIOS */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "ppc_heathrow.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "ppc_heathrow.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
> >
> >      if (bios_name == NULL)
> > diff --git a/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c b/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c
> > index 11d3379..1441c45 100644
> > --- a/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c
> > +++ b/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c
> > @@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ static void ref405ep_init(MachineState *machine)
> >                          33333333, &pic, kernel_filename == NULL ? 0 : 1);
> >      /* allocate SRAM */
> >      sram_size = 512 * 1024;
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "ef405ep.sram", sram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "ef405ep.sram", sram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0xFFF00000, sram);
> >      /* allocate and load BIOS */
> > @@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ static void ref405ep_init(MachineState *machine)
> >          printf("Load BIOS from file\n");
> >  #endif
> >          bios = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
> > -        memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "ef405ep.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> > +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "ef405ep.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> >          vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
> >
> >          if (bios_name == NULL)
> > @@ -572,7 +572,8 @@ static void taihu_405ep_init(MachineState *machine)
> >          if (bios_name == NULL)
> >              bios_name = BIOS_FILENAME;
> >          bios = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
> > -        memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "taihu_405ep.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
> > +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "taihu_405ep.bios",
> > +                                      BIOS_SIZE);
> >          vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
> >          filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name);
> >          if (filename) {
> > diff --git a/hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c b/hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c
> > index a73e918..cffb17e 100644
> > --- a/hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c
> > +++ b/hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c
> > @@ -974,7 +974,7 @@ static void ppc405_ocm_init(CPUPPCState *env)
> >
> >      ocm = g_malloc0(sizeof(ppc405_ocm_t));
> >      /* XXX: Size is 4096 or 0x04000000 */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&ocm->isarc_ram, NULL, "ppc405.ocm", 4096);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&ocm->isarc_ram, NULL, "ppc405.ocm", 4096);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&ocm->isarc_ram);
> >      memory_region_init_alias(&ocm->dsarc_ram, NULL, "ppc405.dsarc", &ocm->isarc_ram,
> >                               0, 4096);
> > diff --git a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
> > index 42f5cec..f2601e3 100644
> > --- a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
> > +++ b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
> > @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ static void ccw_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      virtio_ccw_register_hcalls();
> >
> >      /* allocate RAM */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "s390.ram", my_ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "s390.ram", my_ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, ram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c
> > index 93c7ace..e2aad41 100644
> > --- a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c
> > +++ b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c
> > @@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ static void s390_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      s390_virtio_register_hcalls();
> >
> >      /* allocate RAM */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "s390.ram", my_ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "s390.ram", my_ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, ram);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/sh4/r2d.c b/hw/sh4/r2d.c
> > index 95c0246..02844b0 100644
> > --- a/hw/sh4/r2d.c
> > +++ b/hw/sh4/r2d.c
> > @@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ static void r2d_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, reset_info);
> >
> >      /* Allocate memory space */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sdram, NULL, "r2d.sdram", SDRAM_SIZE);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sdram, NULL, "r2d.sdram", SDRAM_SIZE);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(sdram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, SDRAM_BASE, sdram);
> >      /* Register peripherals */
> > diff --git a/hw/sh4/shix.c b/hw/sh4/shix.c
> > index 7c152b4..3a6129b 100644
> > --- a/hw/sh4/shix.c
> > +++ b/hw/sh4/shix.c
> > @@ -59,14 +59,14 @@ static void shix_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      }
> >
> >      /* Allocate memory space */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "shix.rom", 0x4000);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "shix.rom", 0x4000);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(rom, true);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x00000000, rom);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&sdram[0], NULL, "shix.sdram1", 0x01000000);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&sdram[0], NULL, "shix.sdram1", 0x01000000);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&sdram[0]);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x08000000, &sdram[0]);
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&sdram[1], NULL, "shix.sdram2", 0x01000000);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&sdram[1], NULL, "shix.sdram2", 0x01000000);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&sdram[1]);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x0c000000, &sdram[1]);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/sparc/leon3.c b/hw/sparc/leon3.c
> > index 827383b..1a5da8e 100644
> > --- a/hw/sparc/leon3.c
> > +++ b/hw/sparc/leon3.c
> > @@ -151,13 +151,13 @@ static void leon3_generic_hw_init(MachineState *machine)
> >          exit(1);
> >      }
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "leon3.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "leon3.ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x40000000, ram);
> >
> >      /* Allocate BIOS */
> >      prom_size = 8 * 1024 * 1024; /* 8Mb */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(prom, NULL, "Leon3.bios", prom_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(prom, NULL, "Leon3.bios", prom_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(prom);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(prom, true);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x00000000, prom);
> > diff --git a/hw/sparc/sun4m.c b/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
> > index 67e3663..ad94351 100644
> > --- a/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
> > +++ b/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
> > @@ -620,7 +620,7 @@ static int idreg_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
> >  {
> >      IDRegState *s = MACIO_ID_REGISTER(dev);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->mem, OBJECT(s),
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->mem, OBJECT(s),
> >                             "sun4m.idreg", sizeof(idreg_data));
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->mem);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->mem, true);
> > @@ -668,7 +668,7 @@ static int afx_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
> >  {
> >      AFXState *s = TCX_AFX(dev);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->mem, OBJECT(s), "sun4m.afx", 4);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->mem, OBJECT(s), "sun4m.afx", 4);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->mem);
> >      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->mem);
> >      return 0;
> > @@ -742,7 +742,8 @@ static int prom_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
> >  {
> >      PROMState *s = OPENPROM(dev);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->prom, OBJECT(s), "sun4m.prom", PROM_SIZE_MAX);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->prom, OBJECT(s), "sun4m.prom",
> > +                                  PROM_SIZE_MAX);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->prom);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->prom, true);
> >      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->prom);
> > @@ -784,7 +785,7 @@ static int ram_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
> >  {
> >      RamDevice *d = SUN4M_RAM(dev);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4m.ram", d->size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4m.ram", d->size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&d->ram);
> >      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &d->ram);
> >      return 0;
> > diff --git a/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c b/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
> > index 33c311b..1fe7fec 100644
> > --- a/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
> > +++ b/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
> > @@ -686,7 +686,8 @@ static int prom_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
> >  {
> >      PROMState *s = OPENPROM(dev);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->prom, OBJECT(s), "sun4u.prom", PROM_SIZE_MAX);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->prom, OBJECT(s), "sun4u.prom",
> > +                                  PROM_SIZE_MAX);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->prom);
> >      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->prom, true);
> >      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->prom);
> > @@ -729,7 +730,7 @@ static int ram_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
> >  {
> >      RamDevice *d = SUN4U_RAM(dev);
> >
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4u.ram", d->size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4u.ram", d->size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&d->ram);
> >      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &d->ram);
> >      return 0;
> > diff --git a/hw/unicore32/puv3.c b/hw/unicore32/puv3.c
> > index 08dd4d0..6983e71 100644
> > --- a/hw/unicore32/puv3.c
> > +++ b/hw/unicore32/puv3.c
> > @@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ static void puv3_board_init(CPUUniCore32State *env, ram_addr_t ram_size)
> >      MemoryRegion *ram_memory = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
> >
> >      /* SDRAM at address zero.  */
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram_memory, NULL, "puv3.ram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_memory, NULL, "puv3.ram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_memory);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, ram_memory);
> >  }
> > diff --git a/hw/xtensa/sim.c b/hw/xtensa/sim.c
> > index 9642bf5..764c978 100644
> > --- a/hw/xtensa/sim.c
> > +++ b/hw/xtensa/sim.c
> > @@ -79,12 +79,12 @@ static void xtensa_sim_init(MachineState *machine)
> >      }
> >
> >      ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "xtensa.sram", ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "xtensa.sram", ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, ram);
> >
> >      rom = g_malloc(sizeof(*rom));
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "xtensa.rom", 0x1000);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "xtensa.rom", 0x1000);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0xfe000000, rom);
> >
> > diff --git a/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c b/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
> > index a2dff5a..4315575 100644
> > --- a/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
> > +++ b/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
> > @@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ static void lx60_net_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
> >              sysbus_mmio_get_region(s, 1));
> >
> >      ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, OBJECT(s), "open_eth.ram", 16384);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, OBJECT(s), "open_eth.ram", 16384);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, buffers, ram);
> >  }
> > @@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ static void lx_init(const LxBoardDesc *board, MachineState *machine)
> >      }
> >
> >      ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "lx60.dram", machine->ram_size);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "lx60.dram", machine->ram_size);
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
> >      memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0, ram);
> >
> > @@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ static void lx_init(const LxBoardDesc *board, MachineState *machine)
> >          uint32_t cur_lowmem = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(lowmem_end / 2, 4096);
> >
> >          rom = g_malloc(sizeof(*rom));
> > -        memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "lx60.sram", board->sram_size);
> > +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "lx60.sram", board->sram_size);
> >          vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
> >          memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0xfe000000, rom);
> >
> > diff --git a/include/exec/memory.h b/include/exec/memory.h
> > index 7ebcea6..c0a19e7 100644
> > --- a/include/exec/memory.h
> > +++ b/include/exec/memory.h
> > @@ -321,18 +321,18 @@ void memory_region_init_ram_may_fail(MemoryRegion *mr,
> >                                       Error **errp);
> >
> >  /**
> > - * memory_region_init_ram:  Initialize RAM memory region.  Accesses into the
> > - *                          region will modify memory directly.
> > + * memory_region_init_ram_nofail:  Initialize RAM memory region.  Accesses into
> > + *                                 the region will modify memory directly.
> >   *
> >   * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
> >   * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count
> >   * @name: the name of the region.
> >   * @size: size of the region.
> >   */
> > -void memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
> > -                            struct Object *owner,
> > -                            const char *name,
> > -                            uint64_t size);
> > +void memory_region_init_ram_nofail(MemoryRegion *mr,
> > +                                   struct Object *owner,
> > +                                   const char *name,
> > +                                   uint64_t size);
> >
> >  #ifdef __linux__
> >  /**
> > diff --git a/memory.c b/memory.c
> > index f55f098..7bc7d59 100644
> > --- a/memory.c
> > +++ b/memory.c
> > @@ -1174,10 +1174,10 @@ void memory_region_init_ram_may_fail(MemoryRegion *mr,
> >      mr->ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(size, mr, errp);
> >  }
> >
> > -void memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
> > -                            Object *owner,
> > -                            const char *name,
> > -                            uint64_t size)
> > +void memory_region_init_ram_nofail(MemoryRegion *mr,
> > +                                   Object *owner,
> > +                                   const char *name,
> > +                                   uint64_t size)
> >  {
> >      Error *local_err = NULL;
> >
> > diff --git a/numa.c b/numa.c
> > index 7bf7834..634e9d2 100644
> > --- a/numa.c
> > +++ b/numa.c
> > @@ -263,14 +263,14 @@ static void allocate_system_memory_nonnuma(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
> >          if (err) {
> >              qerror_report_err(err);
> >              error_free(err);
> > -            memory_region_init_ram(mr, owner, name, ram_size);
> > +            memory_region_init_ram_nofail(mr, owner, name, ram_size);
> >          }
> >  #else
> >          fprintf(stderr, "-mem-path not supported on this host\n");
> >          exit(1);
> >  #endif
> >      } else {
> > -        memory_region_init_ram(mr, owner, name, ram_size);
> > +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(mr, owner, name, ram_size);
> >      }
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(mr);
> >  }
> > diff --git a/xen-hvm.c b/xen-hvm.c
> > index a2486cf..5dfb6d5 100644
> > --- a/xen-hvm.c
> > +++ b/xen-hvm.c
> > @@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ static void xen_ram_init(ram_addr_t *below_4g_mem_size,
> >           */
> >          block_len = (1ULL << 32) + *above_4g_mem_size;
> >      }
> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&ram_memory, NULL, "xen.ram", block_len);
> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&ram_memory, NULL, "xen.ram", block_len);
> >      *ram_memory_p = &ram_memory;
> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&ram_memory);
> >
> > --
> > 1.9.3
> >
> >
Peter Crosthwaite Aug. 5, 2014, 10:29 p.m. UTC | #3
On Tue, Aug 5, 2014 at 5:05 PM, Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com> wrote:
> On Tue, Aug 05, 2014 at 04:42:37PM +1000, Peter Crosthwaite wrote:
>> On Tue, Aug 5, 2014 at 3:56 PM, Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com> wrote:
>> > Signed-off-by: Hu Tao <hutao@cn.fujitsu.com>
>> > ---
>> >  hw/alpha/typhoon.c                       |  2 +-
>> >  hw/arm/armv7m.c                          |  6 +++---
>> >  hw/arm/cubieboard.c                      |  2 +-
>> >  hw/arm/digic_boards.c                    |  2 +-
>> >  hw/arm/exynos4210.c                      |  9 +++++----
>> >  hw/arm/highbank.c                        |  4 ++--
>> >  hw/arm/integratorcp.c                    |  5 +++--
>> >  hw/arm/kzm.c                             |  4 ++--
>> >  hw/arm/mainstone.c                       |  2 +-
>> >  hw/arm/musicpal.c                        |  5 +++--
>> >  hw/arm/omap1.c                           |  6 ++++--
>> >  hw/arm/omap2.c                           |  4 ++--
>> >  hw/arm/omap_sx1.c                        |  5 +++--
>> >  hw/arm/palm.c                            |  2 +-
>> >  hw/arm/pxa2xx.c                          |  9 +++++----
>> >  hw/arm/realview.c                        |  7 ++++---
>> >  hw/arm/spitz.c                           |  2 +-
>> >  hw/arm/strongarm.c                       |  3 ++-
>> >  hw/arm/tosa.c                            |  2 +-
>> >  hw/arm/versatilepb.c                     |  3 ++-
>> >  hw/arm/vexpress.c                        | 10 +++++-----
>> >  hw/arm/virt.c                            |  3 ++-
>> >  hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c                     |  4 ++--
>> >  hw/block/onenand.c                       |  2 +-
>> >  hw/core/loader.c                         |  2 +-
>> >  hw/cris/axis_dev88.c                     |  5 +++--
>> >  hw/display/cg3.c                         |  5 +++--
>> >  hw/display/qxl.c                         |  6 +++---
>> >  hw/display/sm501.c                       |  2 +-
>> >  hw/display/tc6393xb.c                    |  2 +-
>> >  hw/display/tcx.c                         |  5 +++--
>> >  hw/display/vga.c                         |  2 +-
>> >  hw/display/vmware_vga.c                  |  3 ++-
>> >  hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c                 |  2 +-
>> >  hw/i386/pc.c                             |  2 +-
>> >  hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c                       |  4 ++--
>> >  hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c             |  4 ++--
>> >  hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c                    |  5 +++--
>> >  hw/lm32/milkymist.c                      |  3 ++-
>> >  hw/m68k/an5206.c                         |  4 ++--
>> >  hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c                     |  2 +-
>> >  hw/m68k/mcf5208.c                        |  4 ++--
>> >  hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c      |  7 ++++---
>> >  hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c |  5 +++--
>> >  hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c                  |  4 ++--
>> >  hw/mips/mips_jazz.c                      |  7 ++++---
>> >  hw/mips/mips_malta.c                     |  4 ++--
>> >  hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c                   |  4 ++--
>> >  hw/mips/mips_r4k.c                       |  4 ++--
>> >  hw/moxie/moxiesim.c                      |  4 ++--
>> >  hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c              |  4 ++--
>> >  hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c               |  2 +-
>> >  hw/pci-host/prep.c                       |  2 +-
>> >  hw/pci/pci.c                             |  2 +-
>> >  hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c                    |  2 +-
>> >  hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c                    |  2 +-
>> >  hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c                   |  7 ++++---
>> >  hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c                       |  2 +-
>> >  hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c               |  2 +-
>> >  hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c                   |  2 +-
>> >  hw/sh4/r2d.c                             |  2 +-
>> >  hw/sh4/shix.c                            |  6 +++---
>> >  hw/sparc/leon3.c                         |  4 ++--
>> >  hw/sparc/sun4m.c                         |  9 +++++----
>> >  hw/sparc64/sun4u.c                       |  5 +++--
>> >  hw/unicore32/puv3.c                      |  2 +-
>> >  hw/xtensa/sim.c                          |  4 ++--
>> >  hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c                       |  6 +++---
>> >  include/exec/memory.h                    | 12 ++++++------
>> >  memory.c                                 |  8 ++++----
>> >  numa.c                                   |  4 ++--
>> >  xen-hvm.c                                |  2 +-
>>
>> If you are commiting to a tree-wide fixup, I think its best to get the
>> just Error ** version in use tree wide and just drop may_fail and
>> no_fail variants.
>
> Agreed.
>
>>
>> The only reason to add a second fn would be to avoid having to touch
>> all the call sites which you have now done.
>
> Yes.
>
>>
>> Ultimately there should be one API used by all no_fail and may_fail
>> call sites that accepts an Error **. "no fail" callsites pass in
>> &error_abort. I think this is what you were suggesting in P1?
>
> I didn't think error_abort. So it's simpler to first add Error ** to
> API, update call sites to pass in &error_abort. This way we don't
> introduce may_fail or no_fail at all.
>

Yes I think so.

Regards,
Peter

>>
>> I don't see this change as being much more minimal and it's at the
>> expense of correctness.
>>
>> Regards,
>> Peter
>>
>> >  72 files changed, 159 insertions(+), 136 deletions(-)
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/alpha/typhoon.c b/hw/alpha/typhoon.c
>> > index 67a1070..8b20393 100644
>> > --- a/hw/alpha/typhoon.c
>> > +++ b/hw/alpha/typhoon.c
>> > @@ -843,7 +843,7 @@ PCIBus *typhoon_init(ram_addr_t ram_size, ISABus **isa_bus,
>> >
>> >      /* Main memory region, 0x00.0000.0000.  Real hardware supports 32GB,
>> >         but the address space hole reserved at this point is 8TB.  */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->ram_region, OBJECT(s), "ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->ram_region, OBJECT(s), "ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->ram_region);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(addr_space, 0, &s->ram_region);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/armv7m.c b/hw/arm/armv7m.c
>> > index 397e8df..1f05db1 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/armv7m.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/armv7m.c
>> > @@ -210,11 +210,11 @@ qemu_irq *armv7m_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
>> >  #endif
>> >
>> >      /* Flash programming is done via the SCU, so pretend it is ROM.  */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(flash, NULL, "armv7m.flash", flash_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(flash, NULL, "armv7m.flash", flash_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(flash);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(flash, true);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, flash);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "armv7m.sram", sram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "armv7m.sram", sram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x20000000, sram);
>> >      armv7m_bitband_init();
>> > @@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ qemu_irq *armv7m_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
>> >      /* Hack to map an additional page of ram at the top of the address
>> >         space.  This stops qemu complaining about executing code outside RAM
>> >         when returning from an exception.  */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(hack, NULL, "armv7m.hack", 0x1000);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(hack, NULL, "armv7m.hack", 0x1000);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(hack);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0xfffff000, hack);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/cubieboard.c b/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
>> > index e2260e3..4cbb344 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
>> > @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ static void cubieboard_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >          exit(1);
>> >      }
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "cubieboard.ram",
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "cubieboard.ram",
>> >                             machine->ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), AW_A10_SDRAM_BASE,
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/digic_boards.c b/hw/arm/digic_boards.c
>> > index d1424ee..40bdddd 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/digic_boards.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/digic_boards.c
>> > @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ typedef struct DigicBoard {
>> >
>> >  static void digic4_board_setup_ram(DigicBoardState *s, hwaddr ram_size)
>> >  {
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->ram, NULL, "ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->ram, NULL, "ram", ram_size);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, &s->ram);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->ram);
>> >  }
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/exynos4210.c b/hw/arm/exynos4210.c
>> > index 6426d16..aa2adb6 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/exynos4210.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/exynos4210.c
>> > @@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ Exynos4210State *exynos4210_init(MemoryRegion *system_mem,
>> >                                  &s->chipid_mem);
>> >
>> >      /* Internal ROM */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->irom_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.irom",
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->irom_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.irom",
>> >                             EXYNOS4210_IROM_SIZE);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->irom_mem);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->irom_mem, true);
>> > @@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ Exynos4210State *exynos4210_init(MemoryRegion *system_mem,
>> >                                  &s->irom_alias_mem);
>> >
>> >      /* Internal RAM */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->iram_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.iram",
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->iram_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.iram",
>> >                             EXYNOS4210_IRAM_SIZE);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->iram_mem);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(system_mem, EXYNOS4210_IRAM_BASE_ADDR,
>> > @@ -272,14 +272,15 @@ Exynos4210State *exynos4210_init(MemoryRegion *system_mem,
>> >      /* DRAM */
>> >      mem_size = ram_size;
>> >      if (mem_size > EXYNOS4210_DRAM_MAX_SIZE) {
>> > -        memory_region_init_ram(&s->dram1_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.dram1",
>> > +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->dram1_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.dram1",
>> >                  mem_size - EXYNOS4210_DRAM_MAX_SIZE);
>> >          vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->dram1_mem);
>> >          memory_region_add_subregion(system_mem, EXYNOS4210_DRAM1_BASE_ADDR,
>> >                  &s->dram1_mem);
>> >          mem_size = EXYNOS4210_DRAM_MAX_SIZE;
>> >      }
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->dram0_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.dram0", mem_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->dram0_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.dram0",
>> > +                                  mem_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->dram0_mem);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(system_mem, EXYNOS4210_DRAM0_BASE_ADDR,
>> >              &s->dram0_mem);
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/highbank.c b/hw/arm/highbank.c
>> > index 8340434..f64a679 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/highbank.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/highbank.c
>> > @@ -255,12 +255,12 @@ static void calxeda_init(MachineState *machine, enum cxmachines machine_id)
>> >
>> >      sysmem = get_system_memory();
>> >      dram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(dram, NULL, "highbank.dram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(dram, NULL, "highbank.dram", ram_size);
>> >      /* SDRAM at address zero.  */
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, dram);
>> >
>> >      sysram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sysram, NULL, "highbank.sysram", 0x8000);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sysram, NULL, "highbank.sysram", 0x8000);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0xfff88000, sysram);
>> >      if (bios_name != NULL) {
>> >          sysboot_filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name);
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/integratorcp.c b/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
>> > index 0e476c3..6cfb673 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
>> > @@ -264,7 +264,8 @@ static int integratorcm_init(SysBusDevice *dev)
>> >      s->cm_init = 0x00000112;
>> >      s->cm_refcnt_offset = muldiv64(qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL), 24,
>> >                                     1000);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->flash, OBJECT(s), "integrator.flash", 0x100000);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->flash, OBJECT(s), "integrator.flash",
>> > +                                  0x100000);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->flash);
>> >
>> >      memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, OBJECT(s), &integratorcm_ops, s,
>> > @@ -485,7 +486,7 @@ static void integratorcp_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >          exit(1);
>> >      }
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "integrator.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "integrator.ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      /* ??? On a real system the first 1Mb is mapped as SSRAM or boot flash.  */
>> >      /* ??? RAM should repeat to fill physical memory space.  */
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/kzm.c b/hw/arm/kzm.c
>> > index 0555d12..749201c 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/kzm.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/kzm.c
>> > @@ -97,14 +97,14 @@ static void kzm_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >
>> >      /* On a real system, the first 16k is a `secure boot rom' */
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "kzm.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "kzm.ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, KZM_RAMADDRESS, ram);
>> >
>> >      memory_region_init_alias(ram_alias, NULL, "ram.alias", ram, 0, ram_size);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x88000000, ram_alias);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "kzm.sram", 0x4000);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "kzm.sram", 0x4000);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x1FFFC000, sram);
>> >
>> >      dev = sysbus_create_varargs("imx_avic", 0x68000000,
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/mainstone.c b/hw/arm/mainstone.c
>> > index 44f1873..16489e7 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/mainstone.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/mainstone.c
>> > @@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ static void mainstone_common_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
>> >
>> >      /* Setup CPU & memory */
>> >      mpu = pxa270_init(address_space_mem, mainstone_binfo.ram_size, cpu_model);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "mainstone.rom", MAINSTONE_ROM);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "mainstone.rom", MAINSTONE_ROM);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(rom, true);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, rom);
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/musicpal.c b/hw/arm/musicpal.c
>> > index 6a134f2..f69f6ee 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/musicpal.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/musicpal.c
>> > @@ -1601,11 +1601,12 @@ static void musicpal_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      }
>> >
>> >      /* For now we use a fixed - the original - RAM size */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "musicpal.ram", MP_RAM_DEFAULT_SIZE);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "musicpal.ram",
>> > +                                  MP_RAM_DEFAULT_SIZE);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ram);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "musicpal.sram", MP_SRAM_SIZE);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "musicpal.sram", MP_SRAM_SIZE);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, MP_SRAM_BASE, sram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/omap1.c b/hw/arm/omap1.c
>> > index e7cc5d7..7ffaaca 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/omap1.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/omap1.c
>> > @@ -3854,10 +3854,12 @@ struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap310_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *system_memory,
>> >      omap_clk_init(s);
>> >
>> >      /* Memory-mapped stuff */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->emiff_ram, NULL, "omap1.dram", s->sdram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->emiff_ram, NULL, "omap1.dram",
>> > +                                  s->sdram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->emiff_ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, OMAP_EMIFF_BASE, &s->emiff_ram);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->imif_ram, NULL, "omap1.sram", s->sram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->imif_ram, NULL, "omap1.sram",
>> > +                                  s->sram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->imif_ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, OMAP_IMIF_BASE, &s->imif_ram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/omap2.c b/hw/arm/omap2.c
>> > index dc53a7a..1fc7582 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/omap2.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/omap2.c
>> > @@ -2266,10 +2266,10 @@ struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap2420_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem,
>> >      omap_clk_init(s);
>> >
>> >      /* Memory-mapped stuff */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "omap2.dram", s->sdram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "omap2.dram", s->sdram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, OMAP2_Q2_BASE, &s->sdram);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sram, NULL, "omap2.sram", s->sram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sram, NULL, "omap2.sram", s->sram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, OMAP2_SRAM_BASE, &s->sram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/omap_sx1.c b/hw/arm/omap_sx1.c
>> > index b4f6da6..313a4f5 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/omap_sx1.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/omap_sx1.c
>> > @@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ static void sx1_init(MachineState *machine, const int version)
>> >                             machine->cpu_model);
>> >
>> >      /* External Flash (EMIFS) */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(flash, NULL, "omap_sx1.flash0-0", flash_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(flash, NULL, "omap_sx1.flash0-0", flash_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(flash);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(flash, true);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, OMAP_CS0_BASE, flash);
>> > @@ -164,7 +164,8 @@ static void sx1_init(MachineState *machine, const int version)
>> >
>> >      if ((version == 1) &&
>> >              (dinfo = drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, fl_idx)) != NULL) {
>> > -        memory_region_init_ram(flash_1, NULL, "omap_sx1.flash1-0", flash1_size);
>> > +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(flash_1, NULL, "omap_sx1.flash1-0",
>> > +                                      flash1_size);
>> >          vmstate_register_ram_global(flash_1);
>> >          memory_region_set_readonly(flash_1, true);
>> >          memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, OMAP_CS1_BASE, flash_1);
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/palm.c b/hw/arm/palm.c
>> > index e61995f..7f37b6d 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/palm.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/palm.c
>> > @@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ static void palmte_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      mpu = omap310_mpu_init(address_space_mem, sdram_size, cpu_model);
>> >
>> >      /* External Flash (EMIFS) */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(flash, NULL, "palmte.flash", flash_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(flash, NULL, "palmte.flash", flash_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(flash);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(flash, true);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, OMAP_CS0_BASE, flash);
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c b/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c
>> > index 557e0f1..78cd6d2 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c
>> > @@ -2055,10 +2055,11 @@ PXA2xxState *pxa270_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
>> >      s->reset = qemu_allocate_irq(pxa2xx_reset, s, 0);
>> >
>> >      /* SDRAM & Internal Memory Storage */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "pxa270.sdram", sdram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "pxa270.sdram", sdram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, PXA2XX_SDRAM_BASE, &s->sdram);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->internal, NULL, "pxa270.internal", 0x40000);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->internal, NULL, "pxa270.internal",
>> > +                                  0x40000);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->internal);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, PXA2XX_INTERNAL_BASE,
>> >                                  &s->internal);
>> > @@ -2186,10 +2187,10 @@ PXA2xxState *pxa255_init(MemoryRegion *address_space, unsigned int sdram_size)
>> >      s->reset = qemu_allocate_irq(pxa2xx_reset, s, 0);
>> >
>> >      /* SDRAM & Internal Memory Storage */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "pxa255.sdram", sdram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "pxa255.sdram", sdram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, PXA2XX_SDRAM_BASE, &s->sdram);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->internal, NULL, "pxa255.internal",
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->internal, NULL, "pxa255.internal",
>> >                             PXA2XX_INTERNAL_SIZE);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->internal);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, PXA2XX_INTERNAL_BASE,
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/realview.c b/hw/arm/realview.c
>> > index 64b9251..a8f374b 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/realview.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/realview.c
>> > @@ -137,12 +137,13 @@ static void realview_init(MachineState *machine,
>> >          /* Core tile RAM.  */
>> >          low_ram_size = ram_size - 0x20000000;
>> >          ram_size = 0x20000000;
>> > -        memory_region_init_ram(ram_lo, NULL, "realview.lowmem", low_ram_size);
>> > +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_lo, NULL, "realview.lowmem",
>> > +                                      low_ram_size);
>> >          vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_lo);
>> >          memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x20000000, ram_lo);
>> >      }
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram_hi, NULL, "realview.highmem", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_hi, NULL, "realview.highmem", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_hi);
>> >      low_ram_size = ram_size;
>> >      if (low_ram_size > 0x10000000)
>> > @@ -337,7 +338,7 @@ static void realview_init(MachineState *machine,
>> >         startup code.  I guess this works on real hardware because the
>> >         BootROM happens to be in ROM/flash or in memory that isn't clobbered
>> >         until after Linux boots the secondary CPUs.  */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram_hack, NULL, "realview.hack", 0x1000);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_hack, NULL, "realview.hack", 0x1000);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_hack);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, SMP_BOOT_ADDR, ram_hack);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/spitz.c b/hw/arm/spitz.c
>> > index 03cc6ce..9f54a55 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/spitz.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/spitz.c
>> > @@ -912,7 +912,7 @@ static void spitz_common_init(MachineState *machine,
>> >
>> >      sl_flash_register(mpu, (model == spitz) ? FLASH_128M : FLASH_1024M);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "spitz.rom", SPITZ_ROM);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "spitz.rom", SPITZ_ROM);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(rom, true);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, rom);
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/strongarm.c b/hw/arm/strongarm.c
>> > index 9e2a0d4..29212a1 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/strongarm.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/strongarm.c
>> > @@ -1604,7 +1604,8 @@ StrongARMState *sa1110_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem,
>> >          exit(1);
>> >      }
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "strongarm.sdram", sdram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "strongarm.sdram",
>> > +                                  sdram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, SA_SDCS0, &s->sdram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/tosa.c b/hw/arm/tosa.c
>> > index abc0f2a..94b7259 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/tosa.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/tosa.c
>> > @@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ static void tosa_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >
>> >      mpu = pxa255_init(address_space_mem, tosa_binfo.ram_size);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "tosa.rom", TOSA_ROM);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "tosa.rom", TOSA_ROM);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(rom, true);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, rom);
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/versatilepb.c b/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
>> > index dea5fc7..d878a2e 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
>> > @@ -198,7 +198,8 @@ static void versatile_init(MachineState *machine, int board_id)
>> >          fprintf(stderr, "Unable to find CPU definition\n");
>> >          exit(1);
>> >      }
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "versatile.ram", machine->ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "versatile.ram",
>> > +                                  machine->ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      /* ??? RAM should repeat to fill physical memory space.  */
>> >      /* SDRAM at address zero.  */
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/vexpress.c b/hw/arm/vexpress.c
>> > index a88732c..ef47244 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/vexpress.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/vexpress.c
>> > @@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ static void a9_daughterboard_init(const VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
>> >          exit(1);
>> >      }
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      low_ram_size = ram_size;
>> >      if (low_ram_size > 0x4000000) {
>> > @@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ static void a15_daughterboard_init(const VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
>> >          }
>> >      }
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      /* RAM is from 0x80000000 upwards; there is no low-memory alias for it. */
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x80000000, ram);
>> > @@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ static void a15_daughterboard_init(const VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
>> >      /* 0x2b060000: SP805 watchdog: not modelled */
>> >      /* 0x2b0a0000: PL341 dynamic memory controller: not modelled */
>> >      /* 0x2e000000: system SRAM */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "vexpress.a15sram", 0x10000);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "vexpress.a15sram", 0x10000);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x2e000000, sram);
>> >
>> > @@ -634,12 +634,12 @@ static void vexpress_common_init(VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
>> >      }
>> >
>> >      sram_size = 0x2000000;
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "vexpress.sram", sram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "vexpress.sram", sram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, map[VE_SRAM], sram);
>> >
>> >      vram_size = 0x800000;
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(vram, NULL, "vexpress.vram", vram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(vram, NULL, "vexpress.vram", vram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(vram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, map[VE_VIDEORAM], vram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/virt.c b/hw/arm/virt.c
>> > index 89532bd..1bb33bb 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/virt.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/virt.c
>> > @@ -489,7 +489,8 @@ static void machvirt_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      fdt_add_cpu_nodes(vbi);
>> >      fdt_add_psci_node(vbi);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mach-virt.ram", machine->ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mach-virt.ram",
>> > +                                  machine->ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, vbi->memmap[VIRT_MEM].base, ram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c b/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
>> > index ba5aa82..ab5d1ca 100644
>> > --- a/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
>> > +++ b/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
>> > @@ -149,12 +149,12 @@ static void zynq_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      }
>> >
>> >      /* DDR remapped to address zero.  */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ext_ram, NULL, "zynq.ext_ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ext_ram, NULL, "zynq.ext_ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ext_ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ext_ram);
>> >
>> >      /* 256K of on-chip memory */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ocm_ram, NULL, "zynq.ocm_ram", 256 << 10);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ocm_ram, NULL, "zynq.ocm_ram", 256 << 10);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ocm_ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0xFFFC0000, ocm_ram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/block/onenand.c b/hw/block/onenand.c
>> > index 5388122..e7b5d6c 100644
>> > --- a/hw/block/onenand.c
>> > +++ b/hw/block/onenand.c
>> > @@ -788,7 +788,7 @@ static int onenand_initfn(SysBusDevice *sbd)
>> >      }
>> >      s->otp = memset(g_malloc((64 + 2) << PAGE_SHIFT),
>> >                      0xff, (64 + 2) << PAGE_SHIFT);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->ram, OBJECT(s), "onenand.ram",
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->ram, OBJECT(s), "onenand.ram",
>> >                             0xc000 << s->shift);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->ram);
>> >      ram = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->ram);
>> > diff --git a/hw/core/loader.c b/hw/core/loader.c
>> > index 2bf6b8f..fdebf86 100644
>> > --- a/hw/core/loader.c
>> > +++ b/hw/core/loader.c
>> > @@ -632,7 +632,7 @@ static void *rom_set_mr(Rom *rom, Object *owner, const char *name)
>> >      void *data;
>> >
>> >      rom->mr = g_malloc(sizeof(*rom->mr));
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(rom->mr, owner, name, rom->datasize);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom->mr, owner, name, rom->datasize);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(rom->mr, true);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom->mr);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c b/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c
>> > index 1849338..7e30525 100644
>> > --- a/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c
>> > +++ b/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c
>> > @@ -270,13 +270,14 @@ void axisdev88_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      env = &cpu->env;
>> >
>> >      /* allocate RAM */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "axisdev88.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "axisdev88.ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x40000000, phys_ram);
>> >
>> >      /* The ETRAX-FS has 128Kb on chip ram, the docs refer to it as the
>> >         internal memory.  */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_intmem, NULL, "axisdev88.chipram", INTMEM_SIZE);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_intmem, NULL, "axisdev88.chipram",
>> > +                                  INTMEM_SIZE);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_intmem);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x38000000, phys_intmem);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/display/cg3.c b/hw/display/cg3.c
>> > index 65ef7a7..9197cb6 100644
>> > --- a/hw/display/cg3.c
>> > +++ b/hw/display/cg3.c
>> > @@ -279,7 +279,8 @@ static void cg3_initfn(Object *obj)
>> >      SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
>> >      CG3State *s = CG3(obj);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->rom, NULL, "cg3.prom", FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->rom, NULL, "cg3.prom",
>> > +                                  FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->rom, true);
>> >      sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->rom);
>> >
>> > @@ -306,7 +307,7 @@ static void cg3_realizefn(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
>> >          }
>> >      }
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram_mem, NULL, "cg3.vram", s->vram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->vram_mem, NULL, "cg3.vram", s->vram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->vram_mem);
>> >      sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->vram_mem);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/display/qxl.c b/hw/display/qxl.c
>> > index d43aa49..da76804 100644
>> > --- a/hw/display/qxl.c
>> > +++ b/hw/display/qxl.c
>> > @@ -1978,14 +1978,14 @@ static int qxl_init_common(PCIQXLDevice *qxl)
>> >      pci_set_byte(&config[PCI_INTERRUPT_PIN], 1);
>> >
>> >      qxl->rom_size = qxl_rom_size();
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&qxl->rom_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vrom",
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&qxl->rom_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vrom",
>> >                             qxl->rom_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram(&qxl->rom_bar, &qxl->pci.qdev);
>> >      init_qxl_rom(qxl);
>> >      init_qxl_ram(qxl);
>> >
>> >      qxl->guest_surfaces.cmds = g_new0(QXLPHYSICAL, qxl->ssd.num_surfaces);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&qxl->vram_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vram",
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&qxl->vram_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vram",
>> >                             qxl->vram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram(&qxl->vram_bar, &qxl->pci.qdev);
>> >      memory_region_init_alias(&qxl->vram32_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vram32",
>> > @@ -2093,7 +2093,7 @@ static int qxl_init_secondary(PCIDevice *dev)
>> >
>> >      qxl->id = device_id++;
>> >      qxl_init_ramsize(qxl);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&qxl->vga.vram, OBJECT(dev), "qxl.vgavram",
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&qxl->vga.vram, OBJECT(dev), "qxl.vgavram",
>> >                             qxl->vga.vram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram(&qxl->vga.vram, &qxl->pci.qdev);
>> >      qxl->vga.vram_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&qxl->vga.vram);
>> > diff --git a/hw/display/sm501.c b/hw/display/sm501.c
>> > index eedf2d4..a8b0285 100644
>> > --- a/hw/display/sm501.c
>> > +++ b/hw/display/sm501.c
>> > @@ -1409,7 +1409,7 @@ void sm501_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem, uint32_t base,
>> >      s->dc_crt_control = 0x00010000;
>> >
>> >      /* allocate local memory */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->local_mem_region, NULL, "sm501.local",
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->local_mem_region, NULL, "sm501.local",
>> >                             local_mem_bytes);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->local_mem_region);
>> >      s->local_mem = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->local_mem_region);
>> > diff --git a/hw/display/tc6393xb.c b/hw/display/tc6393xb.c
>> > index f4011d2..9c649d5 100644
>> > --- a/hw/display/tc6393xb.c
>> > +++ b/hw/display/tc6393xb.c
>> > @@ -581,7 +581,7 @@ TC6393xbState *tc6393xb_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem, uint32_t base, qemu_irq irq)
>> >      memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, NULL, &tc6393xb_ops, s, "tc6393xb", 0x10000);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, base, &s->iomem);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram, NULL, "tc6393xb.vram", 0x100000);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->vram, NULL, "tc6393xb.vram", 0x100000);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->vram);
>> >      s->vram_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->vram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, base + 0x100000, &s->vram);
>> > diff --git a/hw/display/tcx.c b/hw/display/tcx.c
>> > index 28c742c..aa22340 100644
>> > --- a/hw/display/tcx.c
>> > +++ b/hw/display/tcx.c
>> > @@ -535,7 +535,8 @@ static void tcx_initfn(Object *obj)
>> >      SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
>> >      TCXState *s = TCX(obj);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->rom, NULL, "tcx.prom", FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->rom, NULL, "tcx.prom",
>> > +                                  FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->rom, true);
>> >      sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->rom);
>> >
>> > @@ -566,7 +567,7 @@ static void tcx_realizefn(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
>> >      uint8_t *vram_base;
>> >      char *fcode_filename;
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram_mem, OBJECT(s), "tcx.vram",
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->vram_mem, OBJECT(s), "tcx.vram",
>> >                             s->vram_size * (1 + 4 + 4));
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->vram_mem);
>> >      vram_base = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->vram_mem);
>> > diff --git a/hw/display/vga.c b/hw/display/vga.c
>> > index 4b089a3..f17a4b4 100644
>> > --- a/hw/display/vga.c
>> > +++ b/hw/display/vga.c
>> > @@ -2291,7 +2291,7 @@ void vga_common_init(VGACommonState *s, Object *obj, bool global_vmstate)
>> >      s->vram_size_mb = s->vram_size >> 20;
>> >
>> >      s->is_vbe_vmstate = 1;
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram, obj, "vga.vram", s->vram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->vram, obj, "vga.vram", s->vram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram(&s->vram, global_vmstate ? NULL : DEVICE(obj));
>> >      xen_register_framebuffer(&s->vram);
>> >      s->vram_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->vram);
>> > diff --git a/hw/display/vmware_vga.c b/hw/display/vmware_vga.c
>> > index 591b645..a3738be 100644
>> > --- a/hw/display/vmware_vga.c
>> > +++ b/hw/display/vmware_vga.c
>> > @@ -1201,7 +1201,8 @@ static void vmsvga_init(DeviceState *dev, struct vmsvga_state_s *s,
>> >      s->vga.con = graphic_console_init(dev, 0, &vmsvga_ops, s);
>> >
>> >      s->fifo_size = SVGA_FIFO_SIZE;
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->fifo_ram, NULL, "vmsvga.fifo", s->fifo_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->fifo_ram, NULL, "vmsvga.fifo",
>> > +                                  s->fifo_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->fifo_ram);
>> >      s->fifo_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->fifo_ram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c b/hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c
>> > index de33657..f62d77e 100644
>> > --- a/hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c
>> > +++ b/hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c
>> > @@ -1943,7 +1943,7 @@ static void assigned_dev_load_option_rom(AssignedDevice *dev)
>> >
>> >      snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s.rom",
>> >              object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&dev->dev.rom, OBJECT(dev), name, st.st_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&dev->dev.rom, OBJECT(dev), name, st.st_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram(&dev->dev.rom, &dev->dev.qdev);
>> >      ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&dev->dev.rom);
>> >      memset(ptr, 0xff, st.st_size);
>> > diff --git a/hw/i386/pc.c b/hw/i386/pc.c
>> > index 2cf22b1..f503b0e 100644
>> > --- a/hw/i386/pc.c
>> > +++ b/hw/i386/pc.c
>> > @@ -1272,7 +1272,7 @@ FWCfgState *pc_memory_init(MachineState *machine,
>> >      pc_system_firmware_init(rom_memory, guest_info->isapc_ram_fw);
>> >
>> >      option_rom_mr = g_malloc(sizeof(*option_rom_mr));
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(option_rom_mr, NULL, "pc.rom", PC_ROM_SIZE);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(option_rom_mr, NULL, "pc.rom", PC_ROM_SIZE);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(option_rom_mr);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory,
>> >                                          PC_ROM_MIN_VGA,
>> > diff --git a/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c b/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c
>> > index 75a7ebb..a15963b 100644
>> > --- a/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c
>> > +++ b/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c
>> > @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ static void pc_isa_bios_init(MemoryRegion *rom_memory,
>> >      /* map the last 128KB of the BIOS in ISA space */
>> >      isa_bios_size = MIN(flash_size, 128 * 1024);
>> >      isa_bios = g_malloc(sizeof(*isa_bios));
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(isa_bios, NULL, "isa-bios", isa_bios_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(isa_bios, NULL, "isa-bios", isa_bios_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(isa_bios);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory,
>> >                                          0x100000 - isa_bios_size,
>> > @@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ static void old_pc_system_rom_init(MemoryRegion *rom_memory, bool isapc_ram_fw)
>> >          goto bios_error;
>> >      }
>> >      bios = g_malloc(sizeof(*bios));
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "pc.bios", bios_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "pc.bios", bios_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>> >      if (!isapc_ram_fw) {
>> >          memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
>> > diff --git a/hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c b/hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c
>> > index 1b4b8d4..b87fe84 100644
>> > --- a/hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c
>> > +++ b/hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c
>> > @@ -249,12 +249,12 @@ static int milkymist_softusb_init(SysBusDevice *dev)
>> >      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->regs_region);
>> >
>> >      /* register pmem and dmem */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->pmem, OBJECT(s), "milkymist-softusb.pmem",
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->pmem, OBJECT(s), "milkymist-softusb.pmem",
>> >                             s->pmem_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->pmem);
>> >      s->pmem_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->pmem);
>> >      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->pmem);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->dmem, OBJECT(s), "milkymist-softusb.dmem",
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->dmem, OBJECT(s), "milkymist-softusb.dmem",
>> >                             s->dmem_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->dmem);
>> >      s->dmem_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->dmem);
>> > diff --git a/hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c b/hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c
>> > index 0e01340..dd4debb 100644
>> > --- a/hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c
>> > +++ b/hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c
>> > @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ static void lm32_evr_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >
>> >      reset_info->flash_base = flash_base;
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "lm32_evr.sdram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "lm32_evr.sdram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ram_base, phys_ram);
>> >
>> > @@ -213,7 +213,8 @@ static void lm32_uclinux_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >
>> >      reset_info->flash_base = flash_base;
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "lm32_uclinux.sdram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "lm32_uclinux.sdram",
>> > +                                  ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ram_base, phys_ram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/lm32/milkymist.c b/hw/lm32/milkymist.c
>> > index 81c3933..e5fabd4 100644
>> > --- a/hw/lm32/milkymist.c
>> > +++ b/hw/lm32/milkymist.c
>> > @@ -118,7 +118,8 @@ milkymist_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >
>> >      cpu_lm32_set_phys_msb_ignore(env, 1);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_sdram, NULL, "milkymist.sdram", sdram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_sdram, NULL, "milkymist.sdram",
>> > +                                  sdram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_sdram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, sdram_base, phys_sdram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/m68k/an5206.c b/hw/m68k/an5206.c
>> > index 684496a..c6a8085 100644
>> > --- a/hw/m68k/an5206.c
>> > +++ b/hw/m68k/an5206.c
>> > @@ -50,12 +50,12 @@ static void an5206_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      env->rambar0 = AN5206_RAMBAR_ADDR | 1;
>> >
>> >      /* DRAM at address zero */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "an5206.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "an5206.ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ram);
>> >
>> >      /* Internal SRAM.  */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "an5206.sram", 512);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "an5206.sram", 512);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, AN5206_RAMBAR_ADDR, sram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c b/hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c
>> > index 6db1b71..cf6f0fc 100644
>> > --- a/hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c
>> > +++ b/hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c
>> > @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ static void dummy_m68k_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      env->vbr = 0;
>> >
>> >      /* RAM at address zero */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "dummy_m68k.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "dummy_m68k.ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c b/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
>> > index 2ef617f..c7ea48c 100644
>> > --- a/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
>> > +++ b/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
>> > @@ -218,12 +218,12 @@ static void mcf5208evb_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      /* TODO: Configure BARs.  */
>> >
>> >      /* DRAM at 0x40000000 */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mcf5208.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mcf5208.ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x40000000, ram);
>> >
>> >      /* Internal SRAM.  */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "mcf5208.sram", 16384);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "mcf5208.sram", 16384);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x80000000, sram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
>> > index aea9c5b..19a9617 100644
>> > --- a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
>> > +++ b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
>> > @@ -99,12 +99,13 @@ petalogix_ml605_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(cpu), true, "realized", &error_abort);
>> >
>> >      /* Attach emulated BRAM through the LMB.  */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_lmb_bram, NULL, "petalogix_ml605.lmb_bram",
>> > -                           LMB_BRAM_SIZE);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_lmb_bram, NULL,
>> > +                                  "petalogix_ml605.lmb_bram", LMB_BRAM_SIZE);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_lmb_bram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x00000000, phys_lmb_bram);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "petalogix_ml605.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "petalogix_ml605.ram",
>> > +                                  ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ddr_base, phys_ram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
>> > index 49dc6d1..83bf27c 100644
>> > --- a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
>> > +++ b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
>> > @@ -80,12 +80,13 @@ petalogix_s3adsp1800_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      cpu = cpu_mb_init(cpu_model);
>> >
>> >      /* Attach emulated BRAM through the LMB.  */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_lmb_bram, NULL,
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_lmb_bram, NULL,
>> >                             "petalogix_s3adsp1800.lmb_bram", LMB_BRAM_SIZE);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_lmb_bram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x00000000, phys_lmb_bram);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "petalogix_s3adsp1800.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "petalogix_s3adsp1800.ram",
>> > +                                  ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, ddr_base, phys_ram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c b/hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c
>> > index f7533ed..3b23a2e 100644
>> > --- a/hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c
>> > +++ b/hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c
>> > @@ -302,9 +302,9 @@ static void mips_fulong2e_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      bios_size = 1024 * 1024;
>> >
>> >      /* allocate RAM */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "fulong2e.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "fulong2e.ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "fulong2e.bios", bios_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "fulong2e.bios", bios_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_jazz.c b/hw/mips/mips_jazz.c
>> > index c113a80..3eb1be4 100644
>> > --- a/hw/mips/mips_jazz.c
>> > +++ b/hw/mips/mips_jazz.c
>> > @@ -179,11 +179,12 @@ static void mips_jazz_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
>> >      cc->do_unassigned_access = mips_jazz_do_unassigned_access;
>> >
>> >      /* allocate RAM */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mips_jazz.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mips_jazz.ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, 0, ram);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "mips_jazz.bios", MAGNUM_BIOS_SIZE);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "mips_jazz.bios",
>> > +                                  MAGNUM_BIOS_SIZE);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
>> >      memory_region_init_alias(bios2, NULL, "mips_jazz.bios", bios,
>> > @@ -244,7 +245,7 @@ static void mips_jazz_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
>> >          {
>> >              /* Simple ROM, so user doesn't have to provide one */
>> >              MemoryRegion *rom_mr = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
>> > -            memory_region_init_ram(rom_mr, NULL, "g364fb.rom", 0x80000);
>> > +            memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom_mr, NULL, "g364fb.rom", 0x80000);
>> >              vmstate_register_ram_global(rom_mr);
>> >              memory_region_set_readonly(rom_mr, true);
>> >              uint8_t *rom = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(rom_mr);
>> > diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_malta.c b/hw/mips/mips_malta.c
>> > index cfb60af..f3e7a07 100644
>> > --- a/hw/mips/mips_malta.c
>> > +++ b/hw/mips/mips_malta.c
>> > @@ -992,7 +992,7 @@ void mips_malta_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      }
>> >
>> >      /* register RAM at high address where it is undisturbed by IO */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram_high, NULL, "mips_malta.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_high, NULL, "mips_malta.ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_high);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0x80000000, ram_high);
>> >
>> > @@ -1116,7 +1116,7 @@ void mips_malta_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >       * handled by an overlapping region as the resulting ROM code subpage
>> >       * regions are not executable.
>> >       */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(bios_copy, NULL, "bios.1fc", BIOS_SIZE);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios_copy, NULL, "bios.1fc", BIOS_SIZE);
>> >      if (!rom_copy(memory_region_get_ram_ptr(bios_copy),
>> >                    FLASH_ADDRESS, BIOS_SIZE)) {
>> >          memcpy(memory_region_get_ram_ptr(bios_copy),
>> > diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c b/hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c
>> > index 413e64d..d2e158f 100644
>> > --- a/hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c
>> > +++ b/hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c
>> > @@ -171,9 +171,9 @@ mips_mipssim_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, reset_info);
>> >
>> >      /* Allocate RAM. */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mips_mipssim.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mips_mipssim.ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "mips_mipssim.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "mips_mipssim.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_r4k.c b/hw/mips/mips_r4k.c
>> > index 7120293..4479398 100644
>> > --- a/hw/mips/mips_r4k.c
>> > +++ b/hw/mips/mips_r4k.c
>> > @@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ void mips_r4k_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >                  ((unsigned int)ram_size / (1 << 20)));
>> >          exit(1);
>> >      }
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mips_r4k.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mips_r4k.ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ram);
>> > @@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ void mips_r4k_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >  #endif
>> >      if ((bios_size > 0) && (bios_size <= BIOS_SIZE)) {
>> >          bios = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
>> > -        memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "mips_r4k.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>> > +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "mips_r4k.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>> >          vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>> >          memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
>> >          memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0x1fc00000, bios);
>> > diff --git a/hw/moxie/moxiesim.c b/hw/moxie/moxiesim.c
>> > index 430f841..8f54095 100644
>> > --- a/hw/moxie/moxiesim.c
>> > +++ b/hw/moxie/moxiesim.c
>> > @@ -123,11 +123,11 @@ static void moxiesim_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, cpu);
>> >
>> >      /* Allocate RAM. */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "moxiesim.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "moxiesim.ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ram_base, ram);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "moxie.rom", 128*0x1000);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "moxie.rom", 128*0x1000);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0x1000, rom);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c b/hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c
>> > index c023351..b9e2d5f 100644
>> > --- a/hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c
>> > +++ b/hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c
>> > @@ -471,8 +471,8 @@ static int milkymist_minimac2_init(SysBusDevice *sbd)
>> >      sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->regs_region);
>> >
>> >      /* register buffers memory */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->buffers, OBJECT(dev), "milkymist-minimac2.buffers",
>> > -                           buffers_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->buffers, OBJECT(dev),
>> > +                                  "milkymist-minimac2.buffers", buffers_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->buffers);
>> >      s->rx0_buf = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->buffers);
>> >      s->rx1_buf = s->rx0_buf + MINIMAC2_BUFFER_SIZE;
>> > diff --git a/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c b/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c
>> > index b2b4f9b..e6c3c29 100644
>> > --- a/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c
>> > +++ b/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c
>> > @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ static void openrisc_sim_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      }
>> >
>> >      ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "openrisc.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "openrisc.ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, ram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/pci-host/prep.c b/hw/pci-host/prep.c
>> > index ec6f186..6e22c69 100644
>> > --- a/hw/pci-host/prep.c
>> > +++ b/hw/pci-host/prep.c
>> > @@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ static int raven_init(PCIDevice *d)
>> >      d->config[0x0D] = 0x10; // latency_timer
>> >      d->config[0x34] = 0x00; // capabilities_pointer
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->bios, OBJECT(s), "bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->bios, OBJECT(s), "bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->bios, true);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), (uint32_t)(-BIOS_SIZE),
>> >                                  &s->bios);
>> > diff --git a/hw/pci/pci.c b/hw/pci/pci.c
>> > index 351d320..b613f97 100644
>> > --- a/hw/pci/pci.c
>> > +++ b/hw/pci/pci.c
>> > @@ -1974,7 +1974,7 @@ static int pci_add_option_rom(PCIDevice *pdev, bool is_default_rom)
>> >          snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s.rom", object_get_typename(OBJECT(pdev)));
>> >      }
>> >      pdev->has_rom = true;
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&pdev->rom, OBJECT(pdev), name, size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&pdev->rom, OBJECT(pdev), name, size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram(&pdev->rom, &pdev->qdev);
>> >      ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&pdev->rom);
>> >      load_image(path, ptr);
>> > diff --git a/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c b/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
>> > index f5bccd2..38479c2 100644
>> > --- a/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
>> > +++ b/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
>> > @@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ static void ppc_core99_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, ram);
>> >
>> >      /* allocate and load BIOS */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "ppc_core99.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "ppc_core99.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>> >
>> >      if (bios_name == NULL)
>> > diff --git a/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c b/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
>> > index cd9bdbc..c93092a 100644
>> > --- a/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
>> > +++ b/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
>> > @@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ static void ppc_heathrow_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, ram);
>> >
>> >      /* allocate and load BIOS */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "ppc_heathrow.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "ppc_heathrow.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>> >
>> >      if (bios_name == NULL)
>> > diff --git a/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c b/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c
>> > index 11d3379..1441c45 100644
>> > --- a/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c
>> > +++ b/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c
>> > @@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ static void ref405ep_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >                          33333333, &pic, kernel_filename == NULL ? 0 : 1);
>> >      /* allocate SRAM */
>> >      sram_size = 512 * 1024;
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "ef405ep.sram", sram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "ef405ep.sram", sram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0xFFF00000, sram);
>> >      /* allocate and load BIOS */
>> > @@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ static void ref405ep_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >          printf("Load BIOS from file\n");
>> >  #endif
>> >          bios = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
>> > -        memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "ef405ep.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>> > +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "ef405ep.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>> >          vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>> >
>> >          if (bios_name == NULL)
>> > @@ -572,7 +572,8 @@ static void taihu_405ep_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >          if (bios_name == NULL)
>> >              bios_name = BIOS_FILENAME;
>> >          bios = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
>> > -        memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "taihu_405ep.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
>> > +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "taihu_405ep.bios",
>> > +                                      BIOS_SIZE);
>> >          vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
>> >          filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name);
>> >          if (filename) {
>> > diff --git a/hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c b/hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c
>> > index a73e918..cffb17e 100644
>> > --- a/hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c
>> > +++ b/hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c
>> > @@ -974,7 +974,7 @@ static void ppc405_ocm_init(CPUPPCState *env)
>> >
>> >      ocm = g_malloc0(sizeof(ppc405_ocm_t));
>> >      /* XXX: Size is 4096 or 0x04000000 */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&ocm->isarc_ram, NULL, "ppc405.ocm", 4096);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&ocm->isarc_ram, NULL, "ppc405.ocm", 4096);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&ocm->isarc_ram);
>> >      memory_region_init_alias(&ocm->dsarc_ram, NULL, "ppc405.dsarc", &ocm->isarc_ram,
>> >                               0, 4096);
>> > diff --git a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
>> > index 42f5cec..f2601e3 100644
>> > --- a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
>> > +++ b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
>> > @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ static void ccw_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      virtio_ccw_register_hcalls();
>> >
>> >      /* allocate RAM */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "s390.ram", my_ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "s390.ram", my_ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, ram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c
>> > index 93c7ace..e2aad41 100644
>> > --- a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c
>> > +++ b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c
>> > @@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ static void s390_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      s390_virtio_register_hcalls();
>> >
>> >      /* allocate RAM */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "s390.ram", my_ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "s390.ram", my_ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, ram);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/sh4/r2d.c b/hw/sh4/r2d.c
>> > index 95c0246..02844b0 100644
>> > --- a/hw/sh4/r2d.c
>> > +++ b/hw/sh4/r2d.c
>> > @@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ static void r2d_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, reset_info);
>> >
>> >      /* Allocate memory space */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(sdram, NULL, "r2d.sdram", SDRAM_SIZE);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sdram, NULL, "r2d.sdram", SDRAM_SIZE);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(sdram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, SDRAM_BASE, sdram);
>> >      /* Register peripherals */
>> > diff --git a/hw/sh4/shix.c b/hw/sh4/shix.c
>> > index 7c152b4..3a6129b 100644
>> > --- a/hw/sh4/shix.c
>> > +++ b/hw/sh4/shix.c
>> > @@ -59,14 +59,14 @@ static void shix_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      }
>> >
>> >      /* Allocate memory space */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "shix.rom", 0x4000);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "shix.rom", 0x4000);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(rom, true);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x00000000, rom);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&sdram[0], NULL, "shix.sdram1", 0x01000000);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&sdram[0], NULL, "shix.sdram1", 0x01000000);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&sdram[0]);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x08000000, &sdram[0]);
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&sdram[1], NULL, "shix.sdram2", 0x01000000);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&sdram[1], NULL, "shix.sdram2", 0x01000000);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&sdram[1]);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x0c000000, &sdram[1]);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/sparc/leon3.c b/hw/sparc/leon3.c
>> > index 827383b..1a5da8e 100644
>> > --- a/hw/sparc/leon3.c
>> > +++ b/hw/sparc/leon3.c
>> > @@ -151,13 +151,13 @@ static void leon3_generic_hw_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >          exit(1);
>> >      }
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "leon3.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "leon3.ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x40000000, ram);
>> >
>> >      /* Allocate BIOS */
>> >      prom_size = 8 * 1024 * 1024; /* 8Mb */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(prom, NULL, "Leon3.bios", prom_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(prom, NULL, "Leon3.bios", prom_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(prom);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(prom, true);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x00000000, prom);
>> > diff --git a/hw/sparc/sun4m.c b/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
>> > index 67e3663..ad94351 100644
>> > --- a/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
>> > +++ b/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
>> > @@ -620,7 +620,7 @@ static int idreg_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
>> >  {
>> >      IDRegState *s = MACIO_ID_REGISTER(dev);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->mem, OBJECT(s),
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->mem, OBJECT(s),
>> >                             "sun4m.idreg", sizeof(idreg_data));
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->mem);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->mem, true);
>> > @@ -668,7 +668,7 @@ static int afx_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
>> >  {
>> >      AFXState *s = TCX_AFX(dev);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->mem, OBJECT(s), "sun4m.afx", 4);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->mem, OBJECT(s), "sun4m.afx", 4);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->mem);
>> >      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->mem);
>> >      return 0;
>> > @@ -742,7 +742,8 @@ static int prom_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
>> >  {
>> >      PROMState *s = OPENPROM(dev);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->prom, OBJECT(s), "sun4m.prom", PROM_SIZE_MAX);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->prom, OBJECT(s), "sun4m.prom",
>> > +                                  PROM_SIZE_MAX);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->prom);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->prom, true);
>> >      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->prom);
>> > @@ -784,7 +785,7 @@ static int ram_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
>> >  {
>> >      RamDevice *d = SUN4M_RAM(dev);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4m.ram", d->size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4m.ram", d->size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&d->ram);
>> >      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &d->ram);
>> >      return 0;
>> > diff --git a/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c b/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
>> > index 33c311b..1fe7fec 100644
>> > --- a/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
>> > +++ b/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
>> > @@ -686,7 +686,8 @@ static int prom_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
>> >  {
>> >      PROMState *s = OPENPROM(dev);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&s->prom, OBJECT(s), "sun4u.prom", PROM_SIZE_MAX);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->prom, OBJECT(s), "sun4u.prom",
>> > +                                  PROM_SIZE_MAX);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->prom);
>> >      memory_region_set_readonly(&s->prom, true);
>> >      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->prom);
>> > @@ -729,7 +730,7 @@ static int ram_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
>> >  {
>> >      RamDevice *d = SUN4U_RAM(dev);
>> >
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4u.ram", d->size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4u.ram", d->size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&d->ram);
>> >      sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &d->ram);
>> >      return 0;
>> > diff --git a/hw/unicore32/puv3.c b/hw/unicore32/puv3.c
>> > index 08dd4d0..6983e71 100644
>> > --- a/hw/unicore32/puv3.c
>> > +++ b/hw/unicore32/puv3.c
>> > @@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ static void puv3_board_init(CPUUniCore32State *env, ram_addr_t ram_size)
>> >      MemoryRegion *ram_memory = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
>> >
>> >      /* SDRAM at address zero.  */
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram_memory, NULL, "puv3.ram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_memory, NULL, "puv3.ram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_memory);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, ram_memory);
>> >  }
>> > diff --git a/hw/xtensa/sim.c b/hw/xtensa/sim.c
>> > index 9642bf5..764c978 100644
>> > --- a/hw/xtensa/sim.c
>> > +++ b/hw/xtensa/sim.c
>> > @@ -79,12 +79,12 @@ static void xtensa_sim_init(MachineState *machine)
>> >      }
>> >
>> >      ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "xtensa.sram", ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "xtensa.sram", ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, ram);
>> >
>> >      rom = g_malloc(sizeof(*rom));
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "xtensa.rom", 0x1000);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "xtensa.rom", 0x1000);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0xfe000000, rom);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c b/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
>> > index a2dff5a..4315575 100644
>> > --- a/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
>> > +++ b/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
>> > @@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ static void lx60_net_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
>> >              sysbus_mmio_get_region(s, 1));
>> >
>> >      ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, OBJECT(s), "open_eth.ram", 16384);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, OBJECT(s), "open_eth.ram", 16384);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, buffers, ram);
>> >  }
>> > @@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ static void lx_init(const LxBoardDesc *board, MachineState *machine)
>> >      }
>> >
>> >      ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "lx60.dram", machine->ram_size);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "lx60.dram", machine->ram_size);
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
>> >      memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0, ram);
>> >
>> > @@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ static void lx_init(const LxBoardDesc *board, MachineState *machine)
>> >          uint32_t cur_lowmem = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(lowmem_end / 2, 4096);
>> >
>> >          rom = g_malloc(sizeof(*rom));
>> > -        memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "lx60.sram", board->sram_size);
>> > +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "lx60.sram", board->sram_size);
>> >          vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
>> >          memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0xfe000000, rom);
>> >
>> > diff --git a/include/exec/memory.h b/include/exec/memory.h
>> > index 7ebcea6..c0a19e7 100644
>> > --- a/include/exec/memory.h
>> > +++ b/include/exec/memory.h
>> > @@ -321,18 +321,18 @@ void memory_region_init_ram_may_fail(MemoryRegion *mr,
>> >                                       Error **errp);
>> >
>> >  /**
>> > - * memory_region_init_ram:  Initialize RAM memory region.  Accesses into the
>> > - *                          region will modify memory directly.
>> > + * memory_region_init_ram_nofail:  Initialize RAM memory region.  Accesses into
>> > + *                                 the region will modify memory directly.
>> >   *
>> >   * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
>> >   * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count
>> >   * @name: the name of the region.
>> >   * @size: size of the region.
>> >   */
>> > -void memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
>> > -                            struct Object *owner,
>> > -                            const char *name,
>> > -                            uint64_t size);
>> > +void memory_region_init_ram_nofail(MemoryRegion *mr,
>> > +                                   struct Object *owner,
>> > +                                   const char *name,
>> > +                                   uint64_t size);
>> >
>> >  #ifdef __linux__
>> >  /**
>> > diff --git a/memory.c b/memory.c
>> > index f55f098..7bc7d59 100644
>> > --- a/memory.c
>> > +++ b/memory.c
>> > @@ -1174,10 +1174,10 @@ void memory_region_init_ram_may_fail(MemoryRegion *mr,
>> >      mr->ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(size, mr, errp);
>> >  }
>> >
>> > -void memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
>> > -                            Object *owner,
>> > -                            const char *name,
>> > -                            uint64_t size)
>> > +void memory_region_init_ram_nofail(MemoryRegion *mr,
>> > +                                   Object *owner,
>> > +                                   const char *name,
>> > +                                   uint64_t size)
>> >  {
>> >      Error *local_err = NULL;
>> >
>> > diff --git a/numa.c b/numa.c
>> > index 7bf7834..634e9d2 100644
>> > --- a/numa.c
>> > +++ b/numa.c
>> > @@ -263,14 +263,14 @@ static void allocate_system_memory_nonnuma(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
>> >          if (err) {
>> >              qerror_report_err(err);
>> >              error_free(err);
>> > -            memory_region_init_ram(mr, owner, name, ram_size);
>> > +            memory_region_init_ram_nofail(mr, owner, name, ram_size);
>> >          }
>> >  #else
>> >          fprintf(stderr, "-mem-path not supported on this host\n");
>> >          exit(1);
>> >  #endif
>> >      } else {
>> > -        memory_region_init_ram(mr, owner, name, ram_size);
>> > +        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(mr, owner, name, ram_size);
>> >      }
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(mr);
>> >  }
>> > diff --git a/xen-hvm.c b/xen-hvm.c
>> > index a2486cf..5dfb6d5 100644
>> > --- a/xen-hvm.c
>> > +++ b/xen-hvm.c
>> > @@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ static void xen_ram_init(ram_addr_t *below_4g_mem_size,
>> >           */
>> >          block_len = (1ULL << 32) + *above_4g_mem_size;
>> >      }
>> > -    memory_region_init_ram(&ram_memory, NULL, "xen.ram", block_len);
>> > +    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&ram_memory, NULL, "xen.ram", block_len);
>> >      *ram_memory_p = &ram_memory;
>> >      vmstate_register_ram_global(&ram_memory);
>> >
>> > --
>> > 1.9.3
>> >
>> >
>
diff mbox

Patch

diff --git a/hw/alpha/typhoon.c b/hw/alpha/typhoon.c
index 67a1070..8b20393 100644
--- a/hw/alpha/typhoon.c
+++ b/hw/alpha/typhoon.c
@@ -843,7 +843,7 @@  PCIBus *typhoon_init(ram_addr_t ram_size, ISABus **isa_bus,
 
     /* Main memory region, 0x00.0000.0000.  Real hardware supports 32GB,
        but the address space hole reserved at this point is 8TB.  */
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->ram_region, OBJECT(s), "ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->ram_region, OBJECT(s), "ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->ram_region);
     memory_region_add_subregion(addr_space, 0, &s->ram_region);
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/armv7m.c b/hw/arm/armv7m.c
index 397e8df..1f05db1 100644
--- a/hw/arm/armv7m.c
+++ b/hw/arm/armv7m.c
@@ -210,11 +210,11 @@  qemu_irq *armv7m_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
 #endif
 
     /* Flash programming is done via the SCU, so pretend it is ROM.  */
-    memory_region_init_ram(flash, NULL, "armv7m.flash", flash_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(flash, NULL, "armv7m.flash", flash_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(flash);
     memory_region_set_readonly(flash, true);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, flash);
-    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "armv7m.sram", sram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "armv7m.sram", sram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x20000000, sram);
     armv7m_bitband_init();
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@  qemu_irq *armv7m_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
     /* Hack to map an additional page of ram at the top of the address
        space.  This stops qemu complaining about executing code outside RAM
        when returning from an exception.  */
-    memory_region_init_ram(hack, NULL, "armv7m.hack", 0x1000);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(hack, NULL, "armv7m.hack", 0x1000);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(hack);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0xfffff000, hack);
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/cubieboard.c b/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
index e2260e3..4cbb344 100644
--- a/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
+++ b/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@  static void cubieboard_init(MachineState *machine)
         exit(1);
     }
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "cubieboard.ram",
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "cubieboard.ram",
                            machine->ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), AW_A10_SDRAM_BASE,
diff --git a/hw/arm/digic_boards.c b/hw/arm/digic_boards.c
index d1424ee..40bdddd 100644
--- a/hw/arm/digic_boards.c
+++ b/hw/arm/digic_boards.c
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@  typedef struct DigicBoard {
 
 static void digic4_board_setup_ram(DigicBoardState *s, hwaddr ram_size)
 {
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->ram, NULL, "ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->ram, NULL, "ram", ram_size);
     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, &s->ram);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->ram);
 }
diff --git a/hw/arm/exynos4210.c b/hw/arm/exynos4210.c
index 6426d16..aa2adb6 100644
--- a/hw/arm/exynos4210.c
+++ b/hw/arm/exynos4210.c
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@  Exynos4210State *exynos4210_init(MemoryRegion *system_mem,
                                 &s->chipid_mem);
 
     /* Internal ROM */
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->irom_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.irom",
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->irom_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.irom",
                            EXYNOS4210_IROM_SIZE);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->irom_mem);
     memory_region_set_readonly(&s->irom_mem, true);
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@  Exynos4210State *exynos4210_init(MemoryRegion *system_mem,
                                 &s->irom_alias_mem);
 
     /* Internal RAM */
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->iram_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.iram",
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->iram_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.iram",
                            EXYNOS4210_IRAM_SIZE);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->iram_mem);
     memory_region_add_subregion(system_mem, EXYNOS4210_IRAM_BASE_ADDR,
@@ -272,14 +272,15 @@  Exynos4210State *exynos4210_init(MemoryRegion *system_mem,
     /* DRAM */
     mem_size = ram_size;
     if (mem_size > EXYNOS4210_DRAM_MAX_SIZE) {
-        memory_region_init_ram(&s->dram1_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.dram1",
+        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->dram1_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.dram1",
                 mem_size - EXYNOS4210_DRAM_MAX_SIZE);
         vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->dram1_mem);
         memory_region_add_subregion(system_mem, EXYNOS4210_DRAM1_BASE_ADDR,
                 &s->dram1_mem);
         mem_size = EXYNOS4210_DRAM_MAX_SIZE;
     }
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->dram0_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.dram0", mem_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->dram0_mem, NULL, "exynos4210.dram0",
+                                  mem_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->dram0_mem);
     memory_region_add_subregion(system_mem, EXYNOS4210_DRAM0_BASE_ADDR,
             &s->dram0_mem);
diff --git a/hw/arm/highbank.c b/hw/arm/highbank.c
index 8340434..f64a679 100644
--- a/hw/arm/highbank.c
+++ b/hw/arm/highbank.c
@@ -255,12 +255,12 @@  static void calxeda_init(MachineState *machine, enum cxmachines machine_id)
 
     sysmem = get_system_memory();
     dram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
-    memory_region_init_ram(dram, NULL, "highbank.dram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(dram, NULL, "highbank.dram", ram_size);
     /* SDRAM at address zero.  */
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, dram);
 
     sysram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
-    memory_region_init_ram(sysram, NULL, "highbank.sysram", 0x8000);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sysram, NULL, "highbank.sysram", 0x8000);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0xfff88000, sysram);
     if (bios_name != NULL) {
         sysboot_filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name);
diff --git a/hw/arm/integratorcp.c b/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
index 0e476c3..6cfb673 100644
--- a/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
+++ b/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
@@ -264,7 +264,8 @@  static int integratorcm_init(SysBusDevice *dev)
     s->cm_init = 0x00000112;
     s->cm_refcnt_offset = muldiv64(qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL), 24,
                                    1000);
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->flash, OBJECT(s), "integrator.flash", 0x100000);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->flash, OBJECT(s), "integrator.flash",
+                                  0x100000);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->flash);
 
     memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, OBJECT(s), &integratorcm_ops, s,
@@ -485,7 +486,7 @@  static void integratorcp_init(MachineState *machine)
         exit(1);
     }
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "integrator.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "integrator.ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     /* ??? On a real system the first 1Mb is mapped as SSRAM or boot flash.  */
     /* ??? RAM should repeat to fill physical memory space.  */
diff --git a/hw/arm/kzm.c b/hw/arm/kzm.c
index 0555d12..749201c 100644
--- a/hw/arm/kzm.c
+++ b/hw/arm/kzm.c
@@ -97,14 +97,14 @@  static void kzm_init(MachineState *machine)
 
     /* On a real system, the first 16k is a `secure boot rom' */
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "kzm.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "kzm.ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, KZM_RAMADDRESS, ram);
 
     memory_region_init_alias(ram_alias, NULL, "ram.alias", ram, 0, ram_size);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x88000000, ram_alias);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "kzm.sram", 0x4000);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "kzm.sram", 0x4000);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x1FFFC000, sram);
 
     dev = sysbus_create_varargs("imx_avic", 0x68000000,
diff --git a/hw/arm/mainstone.c b/hw/arm/mainstone.c
index 44f1873..16489e7 100644
--- a/hw/arm/mainstone.c
+++ b/hw/arm/mainstone.c
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@  static void mainstone_common_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
 
     /* Setup CPU & memory */
     mpu = pxa270_init(address_space_mem, mainstone_binfo.ram_size, cpu_model);
-    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "mainstone.rom", MAINSTONE_ROM);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "mainstone.rom", MAINSTONE_ROM);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
     memory_region_set_readonly(rom, true);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, rom);
diff --git a/hw/arm/musicpal.c b/hw/arm/musicpal.c
index 6a134f2..f69f6ee 100644
--- a/hw/arm/musicpal.c
+++ b/hw/arm/musicpal.c
@@ -1601,11 +1601,12 @@  static void musicpal_init(MachineState *machine)
     }
 
     /* For now we use a fixed - the original - RAM size */
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "musicpal.ram", MP_RAM_DEFAULT_SIZE);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "musicpal.ram",
+                                  MP_RAM_DEFAULT_SIZE);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ram);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "musicpal.sram", MP_SRAM_SIZE);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "musicpal.sram", MP_SRAM_SIZE);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, MP_SRAM_BASE, sram);
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/omap1.c b/hw/arm/omap1.c
index e7cc5d7..7ffaaca 100644
--- a/hw/arm/omap1.c
+++ b/hw/arm/omap1.c
@@ -3854,10 +3854,12 @@  struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap310_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *system_memory,
     omap_clk_init(s);
 
     /* Memory-mapped stuff */
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->emiff_ram, NULL, "omap1.dram", s->sdram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->emiff_ram, NULL, "omap1.dram",
+                                  s->sdram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->emiff_ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, OMAP_EMIFF_BASE, &s->emiff_ram);
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->imif_ram, NULL, "omap1.sram", s->sram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->imif_ram, NULL, "omap1.sram",
+                                  s->sram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->imif_ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, OMAP_IMIF_BASE, &s->imif_ram);
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/omap2.c b/hw/arm/omap2.c
index dc53a7a..1fc7582 100644
--- a/hw/arm/omap2.c
+++ b/hw/arm/omap2.c
@@ -2266,10 +2266,10 @@  struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap2420_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem,
     omap_clk_init(s);
 
     /* Memory-mapped stuff */
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "omap2.dram", s->sdram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "omap2.dram", s->sdram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, OMAP2_Q2_BASE, &s->sdram);
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sram, NULL, "omap2.sram", s->sram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sram, NULL, "omap2.sram", s->sram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, OMAP2_SRAM_BASE, &s->sram);
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/omap_sx1.c b/hw/arm/omap_sx1.c
index b4f6da6..313a4f5 100644
--- a/hw/arm/omap_sx1.c
+++ b/hw/arm/omap_sx1.c
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@  static void sx1_init(MachineState *machine, const int version)
                            machine->cpu_model);
 
     /* External Flash (EMIFS) */
-    memory_region_init_ram(flash, NULL, "omap_sx1.flash0-0", flash_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(flash, NULL, "omap_sx1.flash0-0", flash_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(flash);
     memory_region_set_readonly(flash, true);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, OMAP_CS0_BASE, flash);
@@ -164,7 +164,8 @@  static void sx1_init(MachineState *machine, const int version)
 
     if ((version == 1) &&
             (dinfo = drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, fl_idx)) != NULL) {
-        memory_region_init_ram(flash_1, NULL, "omap_sx1.flash1-0", flash1_size);
+        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(flash_1, NULL, "omap_sx1.flash1-0",
+                                      flash1_size);
         vmstate_register_ram_global(flash_1);
         memory_region_set_readonly(flash_1, true);
         memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, OMAP_CS1_BASE, flash_1);
diff --git a/hw/arm/palm.c b/hw/arm/palm.c
index e61995f..7f37b6d 100644
--- a/hw/arm/palm.c
+++ b/hw/arm/palm.c
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@  static void palmte_init(MachineState *machine)
     mpu = omap310_mpu_init(address_space_mem, sdram_size, cpu_model);
 
     /* External Flash (EMIFS) */
-    memory_region_init_ram(flash, NULL, "palmte.flash", flash_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(flash, NULL, "palmte.flash", flash_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(flash);
     memory_region_set_readonly(flash, true);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, OMAP_CS0_BASE, flash);
diff --git a/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c b/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c
index 557e0f1..78cd6d2 100644
--- a/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c
+++ b/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c
@@ -2055,10 +2055,11 @@  PXA2xxState *pxa270_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
     s->reset = qemu_allocate_irq(pxa2xx_reset, s, 0);
 
     /* SDRAM & Internal Memory Storage */
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "pxa270.sdram", sdram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "pxa270.sdram", sdram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, PXA2XX_SDRAM_BASE, &s->sdram);
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->internal, NULL, "pxa270.internal", 0x40000);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->internal, NULL, "pxa270.internal",
+                                  0x40000);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->internal);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, PXA2XX_INTERNAL_BASE,
                                 &s->internal);
@@ -2186,10 +2187,10 @@  PXA2xxState *pxa255_init(MemoryRegion *address_space, unsigned int sdram_size)
     s->reset = qemu_allocate_irq(pxa2xx_reset, s, 0);
 
     /* SDRAM & Internal Memory Storage */
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "pxa255.sdram", sdram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "pxa255.sdram", sdram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, PXA2XX_SDRAM_BASE, &s->sdram);
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->internal, NULL, "pxa255.internal",
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->internal, NULL, "pxa255.internal",
                            PXA2XX_INTERNAL_SIZE);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->internal);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, PXA2XX_INTERNAL_BASE,
diff --git a/hw/arm/realview.c b/hw/arm/realview.c
index 64b9251..a8f374b 100644
--- a/hw/arm/realview.c
+++ b/hw/arm/realview.c
@@ -137,12 +137,13 @@  static void realview_init(MachineState *machine,
         /* Core tile RAM.  */
         low_ram_size = ram_size - 0x20000000;
         ram_size = 0x20000000;
-        memory_region_init_ram(ram_lo, NULL, "realview.lowmem", low_ram_size);
+        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_lo, NULL, "realview.lowmem",
+                                      low_ram_size);
         vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_lo);
         memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x20000000, ram_lo);
     }
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram_hi, NULL, "realview.highmem", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_hi, NULL, "realview.highmem", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_hi);
     low_ram_size = ram_size;
     if (low_ram_size > 0x10000000)
@@ -337,7 +338,7 @@  static void realview_init(MachineState *machine,
        startup code.  I guess this works on real hardware because the
        BootROM happens to be in ROM/flash or in memory that isn't clobbered
        until after Linux boots the secondary CPUs.  */
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram_hack, NULL, "realview.hack", 0x1000);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_hack, NULL, "realview.hack", 0x1000);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_hack);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, SMP_BOOT_ADDR, ram_hack);
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/spitz.c b/hw/arm/spitz.c
index 03cc6ce..9f54a55 100644
--- a/hw/arm/spitz.c
+++ b/hw/arm/spitz.c
@@ -912,7 +912,7 @@  static void spitz_common_init(MachineState *machine,
 
     sl_flash_register(mpu, (model == spitz) ? FLASH_128M : FLASH_1024M);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "spitz.rom", SPITZ_ROM);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "spitz.rom", SPITZ_ROM);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
     memory_region_set_readonly(rom, true);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, rom);
diff --git a/hw/arm/strongarm.c b/hw/arm/strongarm.c
index 9e2a0d4..29212a1 100644
--- a/hw/arm/strongarm.c
+++ b/hw/arm/strongarm.c
@@ -1604,7 +1604,8 @@  StrongARMState *sa1110_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem,
         exit(1);
     }
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "strongarm.sdram", sdram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->sdram, NULL, "strongarm.sdram",
+                                  sdram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, SA_SDCS0, &s->sdram);
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/tosa.c b/hw/arm/tosa.c
index abc0f2a..94b7259 100644
--- a/hw/arm/tosa.c
+++ b/hw/arm/tosa.c
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@  static void tosa_init(MachineState *machine)
 
     mpu = pxa255_init(address_space_mem, tosa_binfo.ram_size);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "tosa.rom", TOSA_ROM);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "tosa.rom", TOSA_ROM);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
     memory_region_set_readonly(rom, true);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, rom);
diff --git a/hw/arm/versatilepb.c b/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
index dea5fc7..d878a2e 100644
--- a/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
+++ b/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
@@ -198,7 +198,8 @@  static void versatile_init(MachineState *machine, int board_id)
         fprintf(stderr, "Unable to find CPU definition\n");
         exit(1);
     }
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "versatile.ram", machine->ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "versatile.ram",
+                                  machine->ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     /* ??? RAM should repeat to fill physical memory space.  */
     /* SDRAM at address zero.  */
diff --git a/hw/arm/vexpress.c b/hw/arm/vexpress.c
index a88732c..ef47244 100644
--- a/hw/arm/vexpress.c
+++ b/hw/arm/vexpress.c
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@  static void a9_daughterboard_init(const VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
         exit(1);
     }
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     low_ram_size = ram_size;
     if (low_ram_size > 0x4000000) {
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@  static void a15_daughterboard_init(const VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
         }
     }
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "vexpress.highmem", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     /* RAM is from 0x80000000 upwards; there is no low-memory alias for it. */
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x80000000, ram);
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@  static void a15_daughterboard_init(const VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
     /* 0x2b060000: SP805 watchdog: not modelled */
     /* 0x2b0a0000: PL341 dynamic memory controller: not modelled */
     /* 0x2e000000: system SRAM */
-    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "vexpress.a15sram", 0x10000);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "vexpress.a15sram", 0x10000);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x2e000000, sram);
 
@@ -634,12 +634,12 @@  static void vexpress_common_init(VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
     }
 
     sram_size = 0x2000000;
-    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "vexpress.sram", sram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "vexpress.sram", sram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, map[VE_SRAM], sram);
 
     vram_size = 0x800000;
-    memory_region_init_ram(vram, NULL, "vexpress.vram", vram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(vram, NULL, "vexpress.vram", vram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(vram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, map[VE_VIDEORAM], vram);
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/virt.c b/hw/arm/virt.c
index 89532bd..1bb33bb 100644
--- a/hw/arm/virt.c
+++ b/hw/arm/virt.c
@@ -489,7 +489,8 @@  static void machvirt_init(MachineState *machine)
     fdt_add_cpu_nodes(vbi);
     fdt_add_psci_node(vbi);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mach-virt.ram", machine->ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mach-virt.ram",
+                                  machine->ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, vbi->memmap[VIRT_MEM].base, ram);
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c b/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
index ba5aa82..ab5d1ca 100644
--- a/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
+++ b/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
@@ -149,12 +149,12 @@  static void zynq_init(MachineState *machine)
     }
 
     /* DDR remapped to address zero.  */
-    memory_region_init_ram(ext_ram, NULL, "zynq.ext_ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ext_ram, NULL, "zynq.ext_ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ext_ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ext_ram);
 
     /* 256K of on-chip memory */
-    memory_region_init_ram(ocm_ram, NULL, "zynq.ocm_ram", 256 << 10);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ocm_ram, NULL, "zynq.ocm_ram", 256 << 10);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ocm_ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0xFFFC0000, ocm_ram);
 
diff --git a/hw/block/onenand.c b/hw/block/onenand.c
index 5388122..e7b5d6c 100644
--- a/hw/block/onenand.c
+++ b/hw/block/onenand.c
@@ -788,7 +788,7 @@  static int onenand_initfn(SysBusDevice *sbd)
     }
     s->otp = memset(g_malloc((64 + 2) << PAGE_SHIFT),
                     0xff, (64 + 2) << PAGE_SHIFT);
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->ram, OBJECT(s), "onenand.ram",
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->ram, OBJECT(s), "onenand.ram",
                            0xc000 << s->shift);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->ram);
     ram = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->ram);
diff --git a/hw/core/loader.c b/hw/core/loader.c
index 2bf6b8f..fdebf86 100644
--- a/hw/core/loader.c
+++ b/hw/core/loader.c
@@ -632,7 +632,7 @@  static void *rom_set_mr(Rom *rom, Object *owner, const char *name)
     void *data;
 
     rom->mr = g_malloc(sizeof(*rom->mr));
-    memory_region_init_ram(rom->mr, owner, name, rom->datasize);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom->mr, owner, name, rom->datasize);
     memory_region_set_readonly(rom->mr, true);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(rom->mr);
 
diff --git a/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c b/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c
index 1849338..7e30525 100644
--- a/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c
+++ b/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c
@@ -270,13 +270,14 @@  void axisdev88_init(MachineState *machine)
     env = &cpu->env;
 
     /* allocate RAM */
-    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "axisdev88.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "axisdev88.ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x40000000, phys_ram);
 
     /* The ETRAX-FS has 128Kb on chip ram, the docs refer to it as the 
        internal memory.  */
-    memory_region_init_ram(phys_intmem, NULL, "axisdev88.chipram", INTMEM_SIZE);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_intmem, NULL, "axisdev88.chipram",
+                                  INTMEM_SIZE);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_intmem);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x38000000, phys_intmem);
 
diff --git a/hw/display/cg3.c b/hw/display/cg3.c
index 65ef7a7..9197cb6 100644
--- a/hw/display/cg3.c
+++ b/hw/display/cg3.c
@@ -279,7 +279,8 @@  static void cg3_initfn(Object *obj)
     SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
     CG3State *s = CG3(obj);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->rom, NULL, "cg3.prom", FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->rom, NULL, "cg3.prom",
+                                  FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE);
     memory_region_set_readonly(&s->rom, true);
     sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->rom);
 
@@ -306,7 +307,7 @@  static void cg3_realizefn(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
         }
     }
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram_mem, NULL, "cg3.vram", s->vram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->vram_mem, NULL, "cg3.vram", s->vram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->vram_mem);
     sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->vram_mem);
 
diff --git a/hw/display/qxl.c b/hw/display/qxl.c
index d43aa49..da76804 100644
--- a/hw/display/qxl.c
+++ b/hw/display/qxl.c
@@ -1978,14 +1978,14 @@  static int qxl_init_common(PCIQXLDevice *qxl)
     pci_set_byte(&config[PCI_INTERRUPT_PIN], 1);
 
     qxl->rom_size = qxl_rom_size();
-    memory_region_init_ram(&qxl->rom_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vrom",
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&qxl->rom_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vrom",
                            qxl->rom_size);
     vmstate_register_ram(&qxl->rom_bar, &qxl->pci.qdev);
     init_qxl_rom(qxl);
     init_qxl_ram(qxl);
 
     qxl->guest_surfaces.cmds = g_new0(QXLPHYSICAL, qxl->ssd.num_surfaces);
-    memory_region_init_ram(&qxl->vram_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vram",
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&qxl->vram_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vram",
                            qxl->vram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram(&qxl->vram_bar, &qxl->pci.qdev);
     memory_region_init_alias(&qxl->vram32_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vram32",
@@ -2093,7 +2093,7 @@  static int qxl_init_secondary(PCIDevice *dev)
 
     qxl->id = device_id++;
     qxl_init_ramsize(qxl);
-    memory_region_init_ram(&qxl->vga.vram, OBJECT(dev), "qxl.vgavram",
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&qxl->vga.vram, OBJECT(dev), "qxl.vgavram",
                            qxl->vga.vram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram(&qxl->vga.vram, &qxl->pci.qdev);
     qxl->vga.vram_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&qxl->vga.vram);
diff --git a/hw/display/sm501.c b/hw/display/sm501.c
index eedf2d4..a8b0285 100644
--- a/hw/display/sm501.c
+++ b/hw/display/sm501.c
@@ -1409,7 +1409,7 @@  void sm501_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem, uint32_t base,
     s->dc_crt_control = 0x00010000;
 
     /* allocate local memory */
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->local_mem_region, NULL, "sm501.local",
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->local_mem_region, NULL, "sm501.local",
                            local_mem_bytes);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->local_mem_region);
     s->local_mem = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->local_mem_region);
diff --git a/hw/display/tc6393xb.c b/hw/display/tc6393xb.c
index f4011d2..9c649d5 100644
--- a/hw/display/tc6393xb.c
+++ b/hw/display/tc6393xb.c
@@ -581,7 +581,7 @@  TC6393xbState *tc6393xb_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem, uint32_t base, qemu_irq irq)
     memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, NULL, &tc6393xb_ops, s, "tc6393xb", 0x10000);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, base, &s->iomem);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram, NULL, "tc6393xb.vram", 0x100000);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->vram, NULL, "tc6393xb.vram", 0x100000);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->vram);
     s->vram_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->vram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, base + 0x100000, &s->vram);
diff --git a/hw/display/tcx.c b/hw/display/tcx.c
index 28c742c..aa22340 100644
--- a/hw/display/tcx.c
+++ b/hw/display/tcx.c
@@ -535,7 +535,8 @@  static void tcx_initfn(Object *obj)
     SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
     TCXState *s = TCX(obj);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->rom, NULL, "tcx.prom", FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->rom, NULL, "tcx.prom",
+                                  FCODE_MAX_ROM_SIZE);
     memory_region_set_readonly(&s->rom, true);
     sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->rom);
 
@@ -566,7 +567,7 @@  static void tcx_realizefn(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     uint8_t *vram_base;
     char *fcode_filename;
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram_mem, OBJECT(s), "tcx.vram",
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->vram_mem, OBJECT(s), "tcx.vram",
                            s->vram_size * (1 + 4 + 4));
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->vram_mem);
     vram_base = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->vram_mem);
diff --git a/hw/display/vga.c b/hw/display/vga.c
index 4b089a3..f17a4b4 100644
--- a/hw/display/vga.c
+++ b/hw/display/vga.c
@@ -2291,7 +2291,7 @@  void vga_common_init(VGACommonState *s, Object *obj, bool global_vmstate)
     s->vram_size_mb = s->vram_size >> 20;
 
     s->is_vbe_vmstate = 1;
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->vram, obj, "vga.vram", s->vram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->vram, obj, "vga.vram", s->vram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram(&s->vram, global_vmstate ? NULL : DEVICE(obj));
     xen_register_framebuffer(&s->vram);
     s->vram_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->vram);
diff --git a/hw/display/vmware_vga.c b/hw/display/vmware_vga.c
index 591b645..a3738be 100644
--- a/hw/display/vmware_vga.c
+++ b/hw/display/vmware_vga.c
@@ -1201,7 +1201,8 @@  static void vmsvga_init(DeviceState *dev, struct vmsvga_state_s *s,
     s->vga.con = graphic_console_init(dev, 0, &vmsvga_ops, s);
 
     s->fifo_size = SVGA_FIFO_SIZE;
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->fifo_ram, NULL, "vmsvga.fifo", s->fifo_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->fifo_ram, NULL, "vmsvga.fifo",
+                                  s->fifo_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->fifo_ram);
     s->fifo_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->fifo_ram);
 
diff --git a/hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c b/hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c
index de33657..f62d77e 100644
--- a/hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c
+++ b/hw/i386/kvm/pci-assign.c
@@ -1943,7 +1943,7 @@  static void assigned_dev_load_option_rom(AssignedDevice *dev)
 
     snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s.rom",
             object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
-    memory_region_init_ram(&dev->dev.rom, OBJECT(dev), name, st.st_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&dev->dev.rom, OBJECT(dev), name, st.st_size);
     vmstate_register_ram(&dev->dev.rom, &dev->dev.qdev);
     ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&dev->dev.rom);
     memset(ptr, 0xff, st.st_size);
diff --git a/hw/i386/pc.c b/hw/i386/pc.c
index 2cf22b1..f503b0e 100644
--- a/hw/i386/pc.c
+++ b/hw/i386/pc.c
@@ -1272,7 +1272,7 @@  FWCfgState *pc_memory_init(MachineState *machine,
     pc_system_firmware_init(rom_memory, guest_info->isapc_ram_fw);
 
     option_rom_mr = g_malloc(sizeof(*option_rom_mr));
-    memory_region_init_ram(option_rom_mr, NULL, "pc.rom", PC_ROM_SIZE);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(option_rom_mr, NULL, "pc.rom", PC_ROM_SIZE);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(option_rom_mr);
     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory,
                                         PC_ROM_MIN_VGA,
diff --git a/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c b/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c
index 75a7ebb..a15963b 100644
--- a/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c
+++ b/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@  static void pc_isa_bios_init(MemoryRegion *rom_memory,
     /* map the last 128KB of the BIOS in ISA space */
     isa_bios_size = MIN(flash_size, 128 * 1024);
     isa_bios = g_malloc(sizeof(*isa_bios));
-    memory_region_init_ram(isa_bios, NULL, "isa-bios", isa_bios_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(isa_bios, NULL, "isa-bios", isa_bios_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(isa_bios);
     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory,
                                         0x100000 - isa_bios_size,
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@  static void old_pc_system_rom_init(MemoryRegion *rom_memory, bool isapc_ram_fw)
         goto bios_error;
     }
     bios = g_malloc(sizeof(*bios));
-    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "pc.bios", bios_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "pc.bios", bios_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
     if (!isapc_ram_fw) {
         memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
diff --git a/hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c b/hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c
index 1b4b8d4..b87fe84 100644
--- a/hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c
+++ b/hw/input/milkymist-softusb.c
@@ -249,12 +249,12 @@  static int milkymist_softusb_init(SysBusDevice *dev)
     sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->regs_region);
 
     /* register pmem and dmem */
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->pmem, OBJECT(s), "milkymist-softusb.pmem",
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->pmem, OBJECT(s), "milkymist-softusb.pmem",
                            s->pmem_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->pmem);
     s->pmem_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->pmem);
     sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->pmem);
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->dmem, OBJECT(s), "milkymist-softusb.dmem",
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->dmem, OBJECT(s), "milkymist-softusb.dmem",
                            s->dmem_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->dmem);
     s->dmem_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->dmem);
diff --git a/hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c b/hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c
index 0e01340..dd4debb 100644
--- a/hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c
+++ b/hw/lm32/lm32_boards.c
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@  static void lm32_evr_init(MachineState *machine)
 
     reset_info->flash_base = flash_base;
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "lm32_evr.sdram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "lm32_evr.sdram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ram_base, phys_ram);
 
@@ -213,7 +213,8 @@  static void lm32_uclinux_init(MachineState *machine)
 
     reset_info->flash_base = flash_base;
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "lm32_uclinux.sdram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "lm32_uclinux.sdram",
+                                  ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ram_base, phys_ram);
 
diff --git a/hw/lm32/milkymist.c b/hw/lm32/milkymist.c
index 81c3933..e5fabd4 100644
--- a/hw/lm32/milkymist.c
+++ b/hw/lm32/milkymist.c
@@ -118,7 +118,8 @@  milkymist_init(MachineState *machine)
 
     cpu_lm32_set_phys_msb_ignore(env, 1);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(phys_sdram, NULL, "milkymist.sdram", sdram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_sdram, NULL, "milkymist.sdram",
+                                  sdram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_sdram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, sdram_base, phys_sdram);
 
diff --git a/hw/m68k/an5206.c b/hw/m68k/an5206.c
index 684496a..c6a8085 100644
--- a/hw/m68k/an5206.c
+++ b/hw/m68k/an5206.c
@@ -50,12 +50,12 @@  static void an5206_init(MachineState *machine)
     env->rambar0 = AN5206_RAMBAR_ADDR | 1;
 
     /* DRAM at address zero */
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "an5206.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "an5206.ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ram);
 
     /* Internal SRAM.  */
-    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "an5206.sram", 512);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "an5206.sram", 512);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, AN5206_RAMBAR_ADDR, sram);
 
diff --git a/hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c b/hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c
index 6db1b71..cf6f0fc 100644
--- a/hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c
+++ b/hw/m68k/dummy_m68k.c
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@  static void dummy_m68k_init(MachineState *machine)
     env->vbr = 0;
 
     /* RAM at address zero */
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "dummy_m68k.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "dummy_m68k.ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ram);
 
diff --git a/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c b/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
index 2ef617f..c7ea48c 100644
--- a/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
+++ b/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
@@ -218,12 +218,12 @@  static void mcf5208evb_init(MachineState *machine)
     /* TODO: Configure BARs.  */
 
     /* DRAM at 0x40000000 */
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mcf5208.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mcf5208.ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x40000000, ram);
 
     /* Internal SRAM.  */
-    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "mcf5208.sram", 16384);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "mcf5208.sram", 16384);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x80000000, sram);
 
diff --git a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
index aea9c5b..19a9617 100644
--- a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
+++ b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
@@ -99,12 +99,13 @@  petalogix_ml605_init(MachineState *machine)
     object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(cpu), true, "realized", &error_abort);
 
     /* Attach emulated BRAM through the LMB.  */
-    memory_region_init_ram(phys_lmb_bram, NULL, "petalogix_ml605.lmb_bram",
-                           LMB_BRAM_SIZE);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_lmb_bram, NULL,
+                                  "petalogix_ml605.lmb_bram", LMB_BRAM_SIZE);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_lmb_bram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x00000000, phys_lmb_bram);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "petalogix_ml605.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "petalogix_ml605.ram",
+                                  ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ddr_base, phys_ram);
 
diff --git a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
index 49dc6d1..83bf27c 100644
--- a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
+++ b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
@@ -80,12 +80,13 @@  petalogix_s3adsp1800_init(MachineState *machine)
     cpu = cpu_mb_init(cpu_model);
 
     /* Attach emulated BRAM through the LMB.  */
-    memory_region_init_ram(phys_lmb_bram, NULL,
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_lmb_bram, NULL,
                            "petalogix_s3adsp1800.lmb_bram", LMB_BRAM_SIZE);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_lmb_bram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x00000000, phys_lmb_bram);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(phys_ram, NULL, "petalogix_s3adsp1800.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(phys_ram, NULL, "petalogix_s3adsp1800.ram",
+                                  ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(phys_ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, ddr_base, phys_ram);
 
diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c b/hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c
index f7533ed..3b23a2e 100644
--- a/hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c
+++ b/hw/mips/mips_fulong2e.c
@@ -302,9 +302,9 @@  static void mips_fulong2e_init(MachineState *machine)
     bios_size = 1024 * 1024;
 
     /* allocate RAM */
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "fulong2e.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "fulong2e.ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
-    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "fulong2e.bios", bios_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "fulong2e.bios", bios_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
     memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
 
diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_jazz.c b/hw/mips/mips_jazz.c
index c113a80..3eb1be4 100644
--- a/hw/mips/mips_jazz.c
+++ b/hw/mips/mips_jazz.c
@@ -179,11 +179,12 @@  static void mips_jazz_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
     cc->do_unassigned_access = mips_jazz_do_unassigned_access;
 
     /* allocate RAM */
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mips_jazz.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mips_jazz.ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, 0, ram);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "mips_jazz.bios", MAGNUM_BIOS_SIZE);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "mips_jazz.bios",
+                                  MAGNUM_BIOS_SIZE);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
     memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
     memory_region_init_alias(bios2, NULL, "mips_jazz.bios", bios,
@@ -244,7 +245,7 @@  static void mips_jazz_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
         {
             /* Simple ROM, so user doesn't have to provide one */
             MemoryRegion *rom_mr = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
-            memory_region_init_ram(rom_mr, NULL, "g364fb.rom", 0x80000);
+            memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom_mr, NULL, "g364fb.rom", 0x80000);
             vmstate_register_ram_global(rom_mr);
             memory_region_set_readonly(rom_mr, true);
             uint8_t *rom = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(rom_mr);
diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_malta.c b/hw/mips/mips_malta.c
index cfb60af..f3e7a07 100644
--- a/hw/mips/mips_malta.c
+++ b/hw/mips/mips_malta.c
@@ -992,7 +992,7 @@  void mips_malta_init(MachineState *machine)
     }
 
     /* register RAM at high address where it is undisturbed by IO */
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram_high, NULL, "mips_malta.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_high, NULL, "mips_malta.ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_high);
     memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0x80000000, ram_high);
 
@@ -1116,7 +1116,7 @@  void mips_malta_init(MachineState *machine)
      * handled by an overlapping region as the resulting ROM code subpage
      * regions are not executable.
      */
-    memory_region_init_ram(bios_copy, NULL, "bios.1fc", BIOS_SIZE);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios_copy, NULL, "bios.1fc", BIOS_SIZE);
     if (!rom_copy(memory_region_get_ram_ptr(bios_copy),
                   FLASH_ADDRESS, BIOS_SIZE)) {
         memcpy(memory_region_get_ram_ptr(bios_copy),
diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c b/hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c
index 413e64d..d2e158f 100644
--- a/hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c
+++ b/hw/mips/mips_mipssim.c
@@ -171,9 +171,9 @@  mips_mipssim_init(MachineState *machine)
     qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, reset_info);
 
     /* Allocate RAM. */
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mips_mipssim.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mips_mipssim.ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
-    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "mips_mipssim.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "mips_mipssim.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
     memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
 
diff --git a/hw/mips/mips_r4k.c b/hw/mips/mips_r4k.c
index 7120293..4479398 100644
--- a/hw/mips/mips_r4k.c
+++ b/hw/mips/mips_r4k.c
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@  void mips_r4k_init(MachineState *machine)
                 ((unsigned int)ram_size / (1 << 20)));
         exit(1);
     }
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "mips_r4k.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "mips_r4k.ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
 
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0, ram);
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@  void mips_r4k_init(MachineState *machine)
 #endif
     if ((bios_size > 0) && (bios_size <= BIOS_SIZE)) {
         bios = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
-        memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "mips_r4k.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
+        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "mips_r4k.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
         vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
         memory_region_set_readonly(bios, true);
         memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0x1fc00000, bios);
diff --git a/hw/moxie/moxiesim.c b/hw/moxie/moxiesim.c
index 430f841..8f54095 100644
--- a/hw/moxie/moxiesim.c
+++ b/hw/moxie/moxiesim.c
@@ -123,11 +123,11 @@  static void moxiesim_init(MachineState *machine)
     qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, cpu);
 
     /* Allocate RAM. */
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "moxiesim.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "moxiesim.ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, ram_base, ram);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "moxie.rom", 128*0x1000);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "moxie.rom", 128*0x1000);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0x1000, rom);
 
diff --git a/hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c b/hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c
index c023351..b9e2d5f 100644
--- a/hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c
+++ b/hw/net/milkymist-minimac2.c
@@ -471,8 +471,8 @@  static int milkymist_minimac2_init(SysBusDevice *sbd)
     sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->regs_region);
 
     /* register buffers memory */
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->buffers, OBJECT(dev), "milkymist-minimac2.buffers",
-                           buffers_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->buffers, OBJECT(dev),
+                                  "milkymist-minimac2.buffers", buffers_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->buffers);
     s->rx0_buf = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&s->buffers);
     s->rx1_buf = s->rx0_buf + MINIMAC2_BUFFER_SIZE;
diff --git a/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c b/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c
index b2b4f9b..e6c3c29 100644
--- a/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c
+++ b/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@  static void openrisc_sim_init(MachineState *machine)
     }
 
     ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "openrisc.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "openrisc.ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, ram);
 
diff --git a/hw/pci-host/prep.c b/hw/pci-host/prep.c
index ec6f186..6e22c69 100644
--- a/hw/pci-host/prep.c
+++ b/hw/pci-host/prep.c
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@  static int raven_init(PCIDevice *d)
     d->config[0x0D] = 0x10; // latency_timer
     d->config[0x34] = 0x00; // capabilities_pointer
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->bios, OBJECT(s), "bios", BIOS_SIZE);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->bios, OBJECT(s), "bios", BIOS_SIZE);
     memory_region_set_readonly(&s->bios, true);
     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), (uint32_t)(-BIOS_SIZE),
                                 &s->bios);
diff --git a/hw/pci/pci.c b/hw/pci/pci.c
index 351d320..b613f97 100644
--- a/hw/pci/pci.c
+++ b/hw/pci/pci.c
@@ -1974,7 +1974,7 @@  static int pci_add_option_rom(PCIDevice *pdev, bool is_default_rom)
         snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s.rom", object_get_typename(OBJECT(pdev)));
     }
     pdev->has_rom = true;
-    memory_region_init_ram(&pdev->rom, OBJECT(pdev), name, size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&pdev->rom, OBJECT(pdev), name, size);
     vmstate_register_ram(&pdev->rom, &pdev->qdev);
     ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&pdev->rom);
     load_image(path, ptr);
diff --git a/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c b/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
index f5bccd2..38479c2 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@  static void ppc_core99_init(MachineState *machine)
     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, ram);
 
     /* allocate and load BIOS */
-    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "ppc_core99.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "ppc_core99.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
 
     if (bios_name == NULL)
diff --git a/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c b/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
index cd9bdbc..c93092a 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@  static void ppc_heathrow_init(MachineState *machine)
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, ram);
 
     /* allocate and load BIOS */
-    memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "ppc_heathrow.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "ppc_heathrow.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
 
     if (bios_name == NULL)
diff --git a/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c b/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c
index 11d3379..1441c45 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/ppc405_boards.c
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@  static void ref405ep_init(MachineState *machine)
                         33333333, &pic, kernel_filename == NULL ? 0 : 1);
     /* allocate SRAM */
     sram_size = 512 * 1024;
-    memory_region_init_ram(sram, NULL, "ef405ep.sram", sram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sram, NULL, "ef405ep.sram", sram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(sram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0xFFF00000, sram);
     /* allocate and load BIOS */
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@  static void ref405ep_init(MachineState *machine)
         printf("Load BIOS from file\n");
 #endif
         bios = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
-        memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "ef405ep.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
+        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "ef405ep.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
         vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
 
         if (bios_name == NULL)
@@ -572,7 +572,8 @@  static void taihu_405ep_init(MachineState *machine)
         if (bios_name == NULL)
             bios_name = BIOS_FILENAME;
         bios = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
-        memory_region_init_ram(bios, NULL, "taihu_405ep.bios", BIOS_SIZE);
+        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(bios, NULL, "taihu_405ep.bios",
+                                      BIOS_SIZE);
         vmstate_register_ram_global(bios);
         filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, bios_name);
         if (filename) {
diff --git a/hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c b/hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c
index a73e918..cffb17e 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/ppc405_uc.c
@@ -974,7 +974,7 @@  static void ppc405_ocm_init(CPUPPCState *env)
 
     ocm = g_malloc0(sizeof(ppc405_ocm_t));
     /* XXX: Size is 4096 or 0x04000000 */
-    memory_region_init_ram(&ocm->isarc_ram, NULL, "ppc405.ocm", 4096);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&ocm->isarc_ram, NULL, "ppc405.ocm", 4096);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&ocm->isarc_ram);
     memory_region_init_alias(&ocm->dsarc_ram, NULL, "ppc405.dsarc", &ocm->isarc_ram,
                              0, 4096);
diff --git a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
index 42f5cec..f2601e3 100644
--- a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
+++ b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@  static void ccw_init(MachineState *machine)
     virtio_ccw_register_hcalls();
 
     /* allocate RAM */
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "s390.ram", my_ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "s390.ram", my_ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, ram);
 
diff --git a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c
index 93c7ace..e2aad41 100644
--- a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c
+++ b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio.c
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@  static void s390_init(MachineState *machine)
     s390_virtio_register_hcalls();
 
     /* allocate RAM */
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "s390.ram", my_ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "s390.ram", my_ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, ram);
 
diff --git a/hw/sh4/r2d.c b/hw/sh4/r2d.c
index 95c0246..02844b0 100644
--- a/hw/sh4/r2d.c
+++ b/hw/sh4/r2d.c
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@  static void r2d_init(MachineState *machine)
     qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, reset_info);
 
     /* Allocate memory space */
-    memory_region_init_ram(sdram, NULL, "r2d.sdram", SDRAM_SIZE);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(sdram, NULL, "r2d.sdram", SDRAM_SIZE);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(sdram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, SDRAM_BASE, sdram);
     /* Register peripherals */
diff --git a/hw/sh4/shix.c b/hw/sh4/shix.c
index 7c152b4..3a6129b 100644
--- a/hw/sh4/shix.c
+++ b/hw/sh4/shix.c
@@ -59,14 +59,14 @@  static void shix_init(MachineState *machine)
     }
 
     /* Allocate memory space */
-    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "shix.rom", 0x4000);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "shix.rom", 0x4000);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
     memory_region_set_readonly(rom, true);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x00000000, rom);
-    memory_region_init_ram(&sdram[0], NULL, "shix.sdram1", 0x01000000);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&sdram[0], NULL, "shix.sdram1", 0x01000000);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&sdram[0]);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x08000000, &sdram[0]);
-    memory_region_init_ram(&sdram[1], NULL, "shix.sdram2", 0x01000000);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&sdram[1], NULL, "shix.sdram2", 0x01000000);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&sdram[1]);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0x0c000000, &sdram[1]);
 
diff --git a/hw/sparc/leon3.c b/hw/sparc/leon3.c
index 827383b..1a5da8e 100644
--- a/hw/sparc/leon3.c
+++ b/hw/sparc/leon3.c
@@ -151,13 +151,13 @@  static void leon3_generic_hw_init(MachineState *machine)
         exit(1);
     }
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "leon3.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "leon3.ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x40000000, ram);
 
     /* Allocate BIOS */
     prom_size = 8 * 1024 * 1024; /* 8Mb */
-    memory_region_init_ram(prom, NULL, "Leon3.bios", prom_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(prom, NULL, "Leon3.bios", prom_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(prom);
     memory_region_set_readonly(prom, true);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x00000000, prom);
diff --git a/hw/sparc/sun4m.c b/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
index 67e3663..ad94351 100644
--- a/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
+++ b/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
@@ -620,7 +620,7 @@  static int idreg_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
 {
     IDRegState *s = MACIO_ID_REGISTER(dev);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->mem, OBJECT(s),
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->mem, OBJECT(s),
                            "sun4m.idreg", sizeof(idreg_data));
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->mem);
     memory_region_set_readonly(&s->mem, true);
@@ -668,7 +668,7 @@  static int afx_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
 {
     AFXState *s = TCX_AFX(dev);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->mem, OBJECT(s), "sun4m.afx", 4);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->mem, OBJECT(s), "sun4m.afx", 4);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->mem);
     sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->mem);
     return 0;
@@ -742,7 +742,8 @@  static int prom_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
 {
     PROMState *s = OPENPROM(dev);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->prom, OBJECT(s), "sun4m.prom", PROM_SIZE_MAX);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->prom, OBJECT(s), "sun4m.prom",
+                                  PROM_SIZE_MAX);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->prom);
     memory_region_set_readonly(&s->prom, true);
     sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->prom);
@@ -784,7 +785,7 @@  static int ram_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
 {
     RamDevice *d = SUN4M_RAM(dev);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4m.ram", d->size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4m.ram", d->size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&d->ram);
     sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &d->ram);
     return 0;
diff --git a/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c b/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
index 33c311b..1fe7fec 100644
--- a/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
+++ b/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
@@ -686,7 +686,8 @@  static int prom_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
 {
     PROMState *s = OPENPROM(dev);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(&s->prom, OBJECT(s), "sun4u.prom", PROM_SIZE_MAX);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&s->prom, OBJECT(s), "sun4u.prom",
+                                  PROM_SIZE_MAX);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->prom);
     memory_region_set_readonly(&s->prom, true);
     sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->prom);
@@ -729,7 +730,7 @@  static int ram_init1(SysBusDevice *dev)
 {
     RamDevice *d = SUN4U_RAM(dev);
 
-    memory_region_init_ram(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4u.ram", d->size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&d->ram, OBJECT(d), "sun4u.ram", d->size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&d->ram);
     sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &d->ram);
     return 0;
diff --git a/hw/unicore32/puv3.c b/hw/unicore32/puv3.c
index 08dd4d0..6983e71 100644
--- a/hw/unicore32/puv3.c
+++ b/hw/unicore32/puv3.c
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@  static void puv3_board_init(CPUUniCore32State *env, ram_addr_t ram_size)
     MemoryRegion *ram_memory = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
 
     /* SDRAM at address zero.  */
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram_memory, NULL, "puv3.ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram_memory, NULL, "puv3.ram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram_memory);
     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, ram_memory);
 }
diff --git a/hw/xtensa/sim.c b/hw/xtensa/sim.c
index 9642bf5..764c978 100644
--- a/hw/xtensa/sim.c
+++ b/hw/xtensa/sim.c
@@ -79,12 +79,12 @@  static void xtensa_sim_init(MachineState *machine)
     }
 
     ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "xtensa.sram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "xtensa.sram", ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, ram);
 
     rom = g_malloc(sizeof(*rom));
-    memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "xtensa.rom", 0x1000);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "xtensa.rom", 0x1000);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0xfe000000, rom);
 
diff --git a/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c b/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
index a2dff5a..4315575 100644
--- a/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
+++ b/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@  static void lx60_net_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
             sysbus_mmio_get_region(s, 1));
 
     ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, OBJECT(s), "open_eth.ram", 16384);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, OBJECT(s), "open_eth.ram", 16384);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space, buffers, ram);
 }
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@  static void lx_init(const LxBoardDesc *board, MachineState *machine)
     }
 
     ram = g_malloc(sizeof(*ram));
-    memory_region_init_ram(ram, NULL, "lx60.dram", machine->ram_size);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(ram, NULL, "lx60.dram", machine->ram_size);
     vmstate_register_ram_global(ram);
     memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0, ram);
 
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@  static void lx_init(const LxBoardDesc *board, MachineState *machine)
         uint32_t cur_lowmem = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(lowmem_end / 2, 4096);
 
         rom = g_malloc(sizeof(*rom));
-        memory_region_init_ram(rom, NULL, "lx60.sram", board->sram_size);
+        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(rom, NULL, "lx60.sram", board->sram_size);
         vmstate_register_ram_global(rom);
         memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0xfe000000, rom);
 
diff --git a/include/exec/memory.h b/include/exec/memory.h
index 7ebcea6..c0a19e7 100644
--- a/include/exec/memory.h
+++ b/include/exec/memory.h
@@ -321,18 +321,18 @@  void memory_region_init_ram_may_fail(MemoryRegion *mr,
                                      Error **errp);
 
 /**
- * memory_region_init_ram:  Initialize RAM memory region.  Accesses into the
- *                          region will modify memory directly.
+ * memory_region_init_ram_nofail:  Initialize RAM memory region.  Accesses into
+ *                                 the region will modify memory directly.
  *
  * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
  * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count
  * @name: the name of the region.
  * @size: size of the region.
  */
-void memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                            struct Object *owner,
-                            const char *name,
-                            uint64_t size);
+void memory_region_init_ram_nofail(MemoryRegion *mr,
+                                   struct Object *owner,
+                                   const char *name,
+                                   uint64_t size);
 
 #ifdef __linux__
 /**
diff --git a/memory.c b/memory.c
index f55f098..7bc7d59 100644
--- a/memory.c
+++ b/memory.c
@@ -1174,10 +1174,10 @@  void memory_region_init_ram_may_fail(MemoryRegion *mr,
     mr->ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(size, mr, errp);
 }
 
-void memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
-                            Object *owner,
-                            const char *name,
-                            uint64_t size)
+void memory_region_init_ram_nofail(MemoryRegion *mr,
+                                   Object *owner,
+                                   const char *name,
+                                   uint64_t size)
 {
     Error *local_err = NULL;
 
diff --git a/numa.c b/numa.c
index 7bf7834..634e9d2 100644
--- a/numa.c
+++ b/numa.c
@@ -263,14 +263,14 @@  static void allocate_system_memory_nonnuma(MemoryRegion *mr, Object *owner,
         if (err) {
             qerror_report_err(err);
             error_free(err);
-            memory_region_init_ram(mr, owner, name, ram_size);
+            memory_region_init_ram_nofail(mr, owner, name, ram_size);
         }
 #else
         fprintf(stderr, "-mem-path not supported on this host\n");
         exit(1);
 #endif
     } else {
-        memory_region_init_ram(mr, owner, name, ram_size);
+        memory_region_init_ram_nofail(mr, owner, name, ram_size);
     }
     vmstate_register_ram_global(mr);
 }
diff --git a/xen-hvm.c b/xen-hvm.c
index a2486cf..5dfb6d5 100644
--- a/xen-hvm.c
+++ b/xen-hvm.c
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@  static void xen_ram_init(ram_addr_t *below_4g_mem_size,
          */
         block_len = (1ULL << 32) + *above_4g_mem_size;
     }
-    memory_region_init_ram(&ram_memory, NULL, "xen.ram", block_len);
+    memory_region_init_ram_nofail(&ram_memory, NULL, "xen.ram", block_len);
     *ram_memory_p = &ram_memory;
     vmstate_register_ram_global(&ram_memory);