[v5] net: sch_generic: Use pfifo_fast as fallback scheduler for CAN hardware

There is networking hardware that isn't based on Ethernet for layers 1 and 2.

For example CAN.

CAN is a multi-master serial bus standard for connecting Electronic Control
Units [ECUs] also known as nodes. A frame on the CAN bus carries up to 8 bytes
of payload. Frame corruption is detected by a CRC. However frame loss due to
corruption is possible, but a quite unusual phenomenon.

While fq_codel works great for TCP/IP, it doesn't for CAN. There are a lot of
legacy protocols on top of CAN, which are not build with flow control or high
CAN frame drop rates in mind.

When using fq_codel, as soon as the queue reaches a certain delay based length,
skbs from the head of the queue are silently dropped. Silently meaning that the
user space using a send() or similar syscall doesn't get an error. However
TCP's flow control algorithm will detect dropped packages and adjust the
bandwidth accordingly.

When using fq_codel and sending raw frames over CAN, which is the common use
case, the user space thinks the package has been sent without problems, because
send() returned without an error. pfifo_fast will drop skbs, if the queue
length exceeds the maximum. But with this scheduler the skbs at the tail are
dropped, an error (-ENOBUFS) is propagated to user space. So that the user
space can slow down the package generation.

On distributions, where fq_codel is made default via CONFIG_DEFAULT_NET_SCH
during compile time, or set default during runtime with sysctl
net.core.default_qdisc (see [1]), we get a bad user experience. In my test case
with pfifo_fast, I can transfer thousands of million CAN frames without a frame
drop. On the other hand with fq_codel there is more then one lost CAN frame per
thousand frames.

As pointed out fq_codel is not suited for CAN hardware, so this patch changes
attach_one_default_qdisc() to use pfifo_fast for "ARPHRD_CAN" network devices.

During transition of a netdev from down to up state the default queuing
discipline is attached by attach_default_qdiscs() with the help of
attach_one_default_qdisc(). This patch modifies attach_one_default_qdisc() to
attach the pfifo_fast (pfifo_fast_ops) if the network device type is
"ARPHRD_CAN".

[1] https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/9194

Suggested-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Vincent Prince <vincent.prince.fr@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Dave Taht <dave.taht@gmail.com>
---
Changes in v5:
 - add previous ack

Changes in v4: 
 - add Marc credit to commit log
 
Changes in v3:
 - add description

Changes in v2:
 - reformat patch

 net/sched/sch_generic.c | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

From: Vincent Prince <vincent.prince.fr@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 23 Oct 2019 15:44:20 +0200

> There is networking hardware that isn't based on Ethernet for layers 1 and 2.
> 
> For example CAN.
> 
> CAN is a multi-master serial bus standard for connecting Electronic Control
> Units [ECUs] also known as nodes. A frame on the CAN bus carries up to 8 bytes
> of payload. Frame corruption is detected by a CRC. However frame loss due to
> corruption is possible, but a quite unusual phenomenon.
> 
> While fq_codel works great for TCP/IP, it doesn't for CAN. There are a lot of
> legacy protocols on top of CAN, which are not build with flow control or high
> CAN frame drop rates in mind.
> 
> When using fq_codel, as soon as the queue reaches a certain delay based length,
> skbs from the head of the queue are silently dropped. Silently meaning that the
> user space using a send() or similar syscall doesn't get an error. However
> TCP's flow control algorithm will detect dropped packages and adjust the
> bandwidth accordingly.
> 
> When using fq_codel and sending raw frames over CAN, which is the common use
> case, the user space thinks the package has been sent without problems, because
> send() returned without an error. pfifo_fast will drop skbs, if the queue
> length exceeds the maximum. But with this scheduler the skbs at the tail are
> dropped, an error (-ENOBUFS) is propagated to user space. So that the user
> space can slow down the package generation.
> 
> On distributions, where fq_codel is made default via CONFIG_DEFAULT_NET_SCH
> during compile time, or set default during runtime with sysctl
> net.core.default_qdisc (see [1]), we get a bad user experience. In my test case
> with pfifo_fast, I can transfer thousands of million CAN frames without a frame
> drop. On the other hand with fq_codel there is more then one lost CAN frame per
> thousand frames.
> 
> As pointed out fq_codel is not suited for CAN hardware, so this patch changes
> attach_one_default_qdisc() to use pfifo_fast for "ARPHRD_CAN" network devices.
> 
> During transition of a netdev from down to up state the default queuing
> discipline is attached by attach_default_qdiscs() with the help of
> attach_one_default_qdisc(). This patch modifies attach_one_default_qdisc() to
> attach the pfifo_fast (pfifo_fast_ops) if the network device type is
> "ARPHRD_CAN".
> 
> [1] https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/9194
> 
> Suggested-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
> Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
> Signed-off-by: Vincent Prince <vincent.prince.fr@gmail.com>
> Acked-by: Dave Taht <dave.taht@gmail.com>

Applied to net-next.