[{"id":3682283,"web_url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/comment/3682283/","msgid":"","list_archive_url":null,"date":"2026-04-25T15:02:41","subject":"Re: [PATCH] linux-user: Flush errors by using exit() instead of\n _exit() in error path","submitter":{"id":1896,"url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/api/people/1896/","name":"Warner Losh","email":"imp@bsdimp.com"},"content":"On Sat, Apr 25, 2026 at 8:50 AM Helge Deller wrote:\n\n> From: Helge Deller \n>\n> Qemu user mode does not properly flushes error messages related to bad\n> arguments when exiting (at least when the output is piped to a file\n> instead of running on a terminal).\n> Ensure that we always flush by using exit() instead of _exit().\n>\n> Reported by: Tobias Bergkvist\n> Resolves: https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu/-/work_items/2544\n> Signed-off-by: Helge Deller \n> ---\n> linux-user/main.c | 2 +-\n> 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)\n>\n\nReviewed-by: Warner Losh \n\nNote: I've added the linux-user maintainers to the CC list for visibility.\nbsd-user has the same problem.\n\nWarner","headers":{"Return-Path":"","X-Original-To":"incoming@patchwork.ozlabs.org","Delivered-To":"patchwork-incoming@legolas.ozlabs.org","Authentication-Results":["legolas.ozlabs.org;\n\tdkim=pass (2048-bit key;\n unprotected) header.d=bsdimp-com.20251104.gappssmtp.com\n header.i=@bsdimp-com.20251104.gappssmtp.com header.a=rsa-sha256\n header.s=20251104 header.b=hXvHsvLn;\n\tdkim-atps=neutral","legolas.ozlabs.org;\n spf=pass (sender SPF authorized) smtp.mailfrom=nongnu.org\n (client-ip=209.51.188.17; helo=lists1p.gnu.org;\n envelope-from=qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org;\n receiver=patchwork.ozlabs.org)"],"Received":["from lists1p.gnu.org (lists1p.gnu.org [209.51.188.17])\n\t(using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits))\n\t(No client certificate requested)\n\tby legolas.ozlabs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4g2tPx5JBnz1yHS\n\tfor ; Sun, 26 Apr 2026 01:03:48 +1000 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helo=mail-pg1-x534.google.com","X-Spam_score_int":"-18","X-Spam_score":"-1.9","X-Spam_bar":"-","X-Spam_report":"(-1.9 / 5.0 requ) BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1,\n DKIM_VALID=-0.1, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE=-0.0001,\n SPF_HELO_NONE=0.001, SPF_NONE=0.001 autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no","X-Spam_action":"no action","X-BeenThere":"qemu-devel@nongnu.org","X-Mailman-Version":"2.1.29","Precedence":"list","List-Id":"qemu development ","List-Unsubscribe":",\n ","List-Archive":"","List-Post":"","List-Help":"","List-Subscribe":",\n ","Errors-To":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org","Sender":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org"}},{"id":3682285,"web_url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/comment/3682285/","msgid":"","list_archive_url":null,"date":"2026-04-25T15:17:29","subject":"Re: [PATCH] linux-user: Flush errors by using exit() instead of\n _exit() in error path","submitter":{"id":1115,"url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/api/people/1115/","name":"Helge Deller","email":"deller@gmx.de"},"content":"On 4/25/26 17:02, Warner Losh wrote:\n> \n> \n> On Sat, Apr 25, 2026 at 8:50 AM Helge Deller > wrote:\n> \n> From: Helge Deller >\n> \n> Qemu user mode does not properly flushes error messages related to bad\n> arguments when exiting (at least when the output is piped to a file\n> instead of running on a terminal).\n> Ensure that we always flush by using exit() instead of _exit().\n> \n> Reported by: Tobias Bergkvist\n> Resolves: https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu/-/work_items/2544 \n> Signed-off-by: Helge Deller >\n> ---\n>  linux-user/main.c | 2 +-\n>  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)\n> \n> \n> Reviewed-by: Warner Losh >\n\nThanks!\n \n> Note: I've added the linux-user maintainers to the CC list for visibility. \n\nOk.\n\n> bsd-user has the same problem.\nI hesitate to change things I don't not test at all :-(\nEven this patch here is not widely tested, but I think we need to add it.\nIf things break we see reports anyway.\n\nHelge","headers":{"Return-Path":"","X-Original-To":"incoming@patchwork.ozlabs.org","Delivered-To":"patchwork-incoming@legolas.ozlabs.org","Authentication-Results":["legolas.ozlabs.org;\n\tdkim=pass (2048-bit key;\n secure) header.d=gmx.de header.i=deller@gmx.de header.a=rsa-sha256\n header.s=s31663417 header.b=FEK8U/ed;\n\tdkim-atps=neutral","legolas.ozlabs.org;\n spf=pass (sender SPF authorized) smtp.mailfrom=nongnu.org\n (client-ip=209.51.188.17; helo=lists1p.gnu.org;\n envelope-from=qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org;\n receiver=patchwork.ozlabs.org)"],"Received":["from lists1p.gnu.org (lists1p.gnu.org [209.51.188.17])\n\t(using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits))\n\t(No client certificate requested)\n\tby legolas.ozlabs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4g2tlD3xfSz1yHS\n\tfor ; Sun, 26 Apr 2026 01:18:46 +1000 (AEST)","from localhost 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","References":"<20260425144852.46590-1-deller@kernel.org>\n ","Content-Language":"en-US","From":"Helge Deller ","Autocrypt":"addr=deller@gmx.de; keydata=\n xsFNBF3Ia3MBEAD3nmWzMgQByYAWnb9cNqspnkb2GLVKzhoH2QD4eRpyDLA/3smlClbeKkWT\n HLnjgkbPFDmcmCz5V0Wv1mKYRClAHPCIBIJgyICqqUZo2qGmKstUx3pFAiztlXBANpRECgwJ\n r+8w6mkccOM9GhoPU0vMaD/UVJcJQzvrxVHO8EHS36aUkjKd6cOpdVbCt3qx8cEhCmaFEO6u\n CL+k5AZQoABbFQEBocZE1/lSYzaHkcHrjn4cQjc3CffXnUVYwlo8EYOtAHgMDC39s9a7S90L\n 69l6G73lYBD/Br5lnDPlG6dKfGFZZpQ1h8/x+Qz366Ojfq9MuuRJg7ZQpe6foiOtqwKym/zV\n dVvSdOOc5sHSpfwu5+BVAAyBd6hw4NddlAQUjHSRs3zJ9OfrEx2d3mIfXZ7+pMhZ7qX0Axlq\n Lq+B5cfLpzkPAgKn11tfXFxP+hcPHIts0bnDz4EEp+HraW+oRCH2m57Y9zhcJTOJaLw4YpTY\n GRUlF076vZ2Hz/xMEvIJddRGId7UXZgH9a32NDf+BUjWEZvFt1wFSW1r7zb7oGCwZMy2LI/G\n aHQv/N0NeFMd28z+deyxd0k1CGefHJuJcOJDVtcE1rGQ43aDhWSpXvXKDj42vFD2We6uIo9D\n 1VNre2+uAxFzqqf026H6cH8hin9Vnx7p3uq3Dka/Y/qmRFnKVQARAQABzRxIZWxnZSBEZWxs\n ZXIgPGRlbGxlckBnbXguZGU+wsGRBBMBCAA7AhsDBQsJCAcCBhUKCQgLAgQWAgMBAh4BAheA\n 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DKIM_VALID_EF=-0.1, FREEMAIL_FROM=0.001,\n RCVD_IN_DNSWL_LOW=-0.7, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_H5=0.001, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_WL=0.001,\n SPF_HELO_NONE=0.001, SPF_PASS=-0.001 autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no","X-Spam_action":"no action","X-BeenThere":"qemu-devel@nongnu.org","X-Mailman-Version":"2.1.29","Precedence":"list","List-Id":"qemu development ","List-Unsubscribe":",\n ","List-Archive":"","List-Post":"","List-Help":"","List-Subscribe":",\n ","Errors-To":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org","Sender":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org"}},{"id":3682287,"web_url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/comment/3682287/","msgid":"","list_archive_url":null,"date":"2026-04-25T15:50:43","subject":"Re: [PATCH] linux-user: Flush errors by using exit() instead of\n _exit() in error path","submitter":{"id":1896,"url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/api/people/1896/","name":"Warner Losh","email":"imp@bsdimp.com"},"content":"[[ Oops, my last message cc'd Pierrick's old address, maybe my tree is old\nor it needs to update in MAINTAINERS ]]\n\nOn Sat, Apr 25, 2026 at 9:17 AM Helge Deller wrote:\n\n> On 4/25/26 17:02, Warner Losh wrote:\n> >\n> >\n> > On Sat, Apr 25, 2026 at 8:50 AM Helge Deller deller@kernel.org>> wrote:\n> >\n> > From: Helge Deller >\n> >\n> > Qemu user mode does not properly flushes error messages related to\n> bad\n> > arguments when exiting (at least when the output is piped to a file\n> > instead of running on a terminal).\n> > Ensure that we always flush by using exit() instead of _exit().\n> >\n> > Reported by: Tobias Bergkvist\n> > Resolves: https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu/-/work_items/2544 <\n> https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu/-/work_items/2544>\n> > Signed-off-by: Helge Deller >\n> > ---\n> > linux-user/main.c | 2 +-\n> > 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)\n> >\n> >\n> > Reviewed-by: Warner Losh >\n>\n> Thanks!\n>\n> > Note: I've added the linux-user maintainers to the CC list for\n> visibility.\n>\n> Ok.\n>\n> > bsd-user has the same problem.\n> I hesitate to change things I don't not test at all :-(\n>\n\nI can, since I do a lot with bsd-user.\n\n\n> Even this patch here is not widely tested, but I think we need to add it.\n> If things break we see reports anyway.\n>\n\nI don't think this will break anything. The printf can't possibly work,\neither\nwe must change it to a write or do the exit. exit is done everywhere else.\nThis has been wrong since:\n\ncommit 03cfd8faa7ffb7201e2949b99c2f35b1fef7078b\nAuthor: Laurent Vivier \nDate: Fri Aug 30 01:46:44 2013 +0200\n\n linux-user: add support of binfmt_misc 'O' flag\n...\n+ if (execfd < 0) {\n+ printf(\"Error while loading %s: %s\\n\", filename,\nstrerror(-execfd));\n+ _exit(1);\n+ }\n...\nbut the full commit log doesn't say why. Laaurent was one of the people I\ncc'd before\nI chased this back to this commit. :).\n\nI'll go ahead and make the bsd-user/main.c change (the error message is a\nlittle different, and there's\na pull request against the bsd-user upstream I need to land in the area\naround it, IIRC).\n\nWarner","headers":{"Return-Path":"","X-Original-To":"incoming@patchwork.ozlabs.org","Delivered-To":"patchwork-incoming@legolas.ozlabs.org","Authentication-Results":["legolas.ozlabs.org;\n\tdkim=pass (2048-bit key;\n unprotected) header.d=bsdimp-com.20251104.gappssmtp.com\n header.i=@bsdimp-com.20251104.gappssmtp.com header.a=rsa-sha256\n header.s=20251104 header.b=sixcttao;\n\tdkim-atps=neutral","legolas.ozlabs.org;\n spf=pass (sender SPF authorized) smtp.mailfrom=nongnu.org\n (client-ip=209.51.188.17; helo=lists1p.gnu.org;\n envelope-from=qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org;\n receiver=patchwork.ozlabs.org)"],"Received":["from lists1p.gnu.org (lists1p.gnu.org [209.51.188.17])\n\t(using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits))\n\t(No client certificate requested)\n\tby legolas.ozlabs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4g2vT90yByz1yHv\n\tfor ; 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Sat, 25 Apr 2026\n 08:50:54 -0700 (PDT)","MIME-Version":"1.0","References":"<20260425144852.46590-1-deller@kernel.org>\n \n ","In-Reply-To":"","From":"Warner Losh ","Date":"Sat, 25 Apr 2026 09:50:43 -0600","X-Gm-Features":"AQROBzDO3n-vdu5ZXCrsRWZWreLauj1y2PdtkTFFZLHiAWPQceCsDN8xc2R55Y0","Message-ID":"\n ","Subject":"Re: [PATCH] linux-user: Flush errors by using exit() instead of\n _exit() in error path","To":"Helge Deller ","Cc":"Helge Deller , qemu-devel@nongnu.org,\n Laurent Vivier ,\n Pierrick Bouvier ","Content-Type":"multipart/alternative; boundary=\"000000000000c512e606504ad89f\"","Received-SPF":"none client-ip=2607:f8b0:4864:20::b132;\n envelope-from=wlosh@bsdimp.com; helo=mail-yx1-xb132.google.com","X-Spam_score_int":"-18","X-Spam_score":"-1.9","X-Spam_bar":"-","X-Spam_report":"(-1.9 / 5.0 requ) BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1,\n DKIM_VALID=-0.1, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE=-0.0001,\n SPF_HELO_NONE=0.001, SPF_NONE=0.001 autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no","X-Spam_action":"no action","X-BeenThere":"qemu-devel@nongnu.org","X-Mailman-Version":"2.1.29","Precedence":"list","List-Id":"qemu development ","List-Unsubscribe":",\n ","List-Archive":"","List-Post":"","List-Help":"","List-Subscribe":",\n ","Errors-To":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org","Sender":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org"}},{"id":3682405,"web_url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/comment/3682405/","msgid":"","list_archive_url":null,"date":"2026-04-26T13:01:30","subject":"Re: [PATCH] linux-user: Flush errors by using exit() instead of\n _exit() in error path","submitter":{"id":5111,"url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/api/people/5111/","name":"Peter Maydell","email":"peter.maydell@linaro.org"},"content":"On Sat, 25 Apr 2026 at 15:49, Helge Deller wrote:\n>\n> From: Helge Deller \n>\n> Qemu user mode does not properly flushes error messages related to bad\n> arguments when exiting (at least when the output is piped to a file\n> instead of running on a terminal).\n> Ensure that we always flush by using exit() instead of _exit().\n>\n> Reported by: Tobias Bergkvist\n> Resolves: https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu/-/work_items/2544\n> Signed-off-by: Helge Deller \n> ---\n> linux-user/main.c | 2 +-\n> 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)\n>\n> diff --git a/linux-user/main.c b/linux-user/main.c\n> index c49d1e91d2..84e110dfe9 100644\n> --- a/linux-user/main.c\n> +++ b/linux-user/main.c\n> @@ -767,7 +767,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp)\n> execfd = open(exec_path, O_RDONLY);\n> if (execfd < 0) {\n> printf(\"Error while loading %s: %s\\n\", exec_path, strerror(errno));\n> - _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n> + exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n> }\n> }\n\nHow about the other _exit() further down in the function\nfor the case where loader_exec() fails ? That seems like\nit would have the same problem.\n\n-- PMM","headers":{"Return-Path":"","X-Original-To":"incoming@patchwork.ozlabs.org","Delivered-To":"patchwork-incoming@legolas.ozlabs.org","Authentication-Results":["legolas.ozlabs.org;\n\tdkim=pass (2048-bit key;\n unprotected) header.d=linaro.org header.i=@linaro.org header.a=rsa-sha256\n header.s=google header.b=G05WdCpl;\n\tdkim-atps=neutral","legolas.ozlabs.org;\n spf=pass (sender SPF authorized) smtp.mailfrom=nongnu.org\n (client-ip=209.51.188.17; helo=lists1p.gnu.org;\n envelope-from=qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org;\n receiver=patchwork.ozlabs.org)"],"Received":["from lists1p.gnu.org (lists1p.gnu.org [209.51.188.17])\n\t(using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits))\n\t(No client certificate requested)\n\tby legolas.ozlabs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4g3Rg75hzWz1y2d\n\tfor ; Sun, 26 Apr 2026 23:02:11 +1000 (AEST)","from localhost ([::1] helo=lists1p.gnu.org)\n\tby lists1p.gnu.org with esmtp (Exim 4.90_1)\n\t(envelope-from )\n\tid 1wGz7P-0008FW-Uu; 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Sun, 26 Apr 2026\n 06:01:42 -0700 (PDT)","MIME-Version":"1.0","References":"<20260425144852.46590-1-deller@kernel.org>","In-Reply-To":"<20260425144852.46590-1-deller@kernel.org>","From":"Peter Maydell ","Date":"Sun, 26 Apr 2026 14:01:30 +0100","X-Gm-Features":"AQROBzD-tEHBFqwnZjrAAvsAcxT_clzvc2WRagMGJ6HpHy5a-iJ7NpxgN8tJRMk","Message-ID":"\n ","Subject":"Re: [PATCH] linux-user: Flush errors by using exit() instead of\n _exit() in error path","To":"Helge Deller ","Cc":"qemu-devel@nongnu.org, deller@gmx.de","Content-Type":"text/plain; charset=\"UTF-8\"","Received-SPF":"pass client-ip=2607:f8b0:4864:20::b131;\n envelope-from=peter.maydell@linaro.org; helo=mail-yx1-xb131.google.com","X-Spam_score_int":"-20","X-Spam_score":"-2.1","X-Spam_bar":"--","X-Spam_report":"(-2.1 / 5.0 requ) BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1,\n DKIM_VALID=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_AU=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_EF=-0.1,\n RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE=-0.0001, SPF_HELO_NONE=0.001,\n SPF_PASS=-0.001 autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no","X-Spam_action":"no action","X-BeenThere":"qemu-devel@nongnu.org","X-Mailman-Version":"2.1.29","Precedence":"list","List-Id":"qemu development ","List-Unsubscribe":",\n ","List-Archive":"","List-Post":"","List-Help":"","List-Subscribe":",\n ","Errors-To":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org","Sender":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org"}},{"id":3682407,"web_url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/comment/3682407/","msgid":"","list_archive_url":null,"date":"2026-04-26T13:06:19","subject":"Re: [PATCH] linux-user: Flush errors by using exit() instead of\n _exit() in error path","submitter":{"id":5111,"url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/api/people/5111/","name":"Peter Maydell","email":"peter.maydell@linaro.org"},"content":"On Sat, 25 Apr 2026 at 16:51, Warner Losh wrote:\n> I don't think this will break anything. The printf can't possibly work, either\n> we must change it to a write or do the exit. exit is done everywhere else.\n> This has been wrong since:\n>\n> commit 03cfd8faa7ffb7201e2949b99c2f35b1fef7078b\n> Author: Laurent Vivier \n> Date: Fri Aug 30 01:46:44 2013 +0200\n>\n> linux-user: add support of binfmt_misc 'O' flag\n> ...\n> + if (execfd < 0) {\n> + printf(\"Error while loading %s: %s\\n\", filename, strerror(-execfd));\n> + _exit(1);\n> + }\n> ...\n> but the full commit log doesn't say why.\n\nMy guess is that the \"print an error and exit\" if() block was\nsimply copied from the bit further down that does:\n\n if (ret != 0) {\n printf(\"Error while loading %s: %s\\n\", exec_path, strerror(-ret));\n _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n }\n\nfor the loader_exec failure case. That one dates back to\ncommit 74cd30b811cc2f in 2003, which changes some exit() calls\nto _exit(). I have no idea why, and the commit message is cryptic\nand useless. But it seems unlikely that the reason is still\nrelevant today.\n\n-- PMM","headers":{"Return-Path":"","X-Original-To":"incoming@patchwork.ozlabs.org","Delivered-To":"patchwork-incoming@legolas.ozlabs.org","Authentication-Results":["legolas.ozlabs.org;\n\tdkim=pass (2048-bit key;\n unprotected) header.d=linaro.org header.i=@linaro.org header.a=rsa-sha256\n header.s=google header.b=XbQqWT3f;\n\tdkim-atps=neutral","legolas.ozlabs.org;\n spf=pass (sender SPF authorized) smtp.mailfrom=nongnu.org\n (client-ip=209.51.188.17; helo=lists1p.gnu.org;\n envelope-from=qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org;\n receiver=patchwork.ozlabs.org)"],"Received":["from lists1p.gnu.org (lists1p.gnu.org [209.51.188.17])\n\t(using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits))\n\t(No client certificate requested)\n\tby legolas.ozlabs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4g3RnM3XC0z1yHg\n\tfor ; Sun, 26 Apr 2026 23:07:33 +1000 (AEST)","from localhost ([::1] helo=lists1p.gnu.org)\n\tby lists1p.gnu.org with esmtp (Exim 4.90_1)\n\t(envelope-from )\n\tid 1wGzC0-0000do-Bc; 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Sun, 26 Apr 2026\n 06:06:31 -0700 (PDT)","MIME-Version":"1.0","References":"<20260425144852.46590-1-deller@kernel.org>\n \n \n ","In-Reply-To":"\n ","From":"Peter Maydell ","Date":"Sun, 26 Apr 2026 14:06:19 +0100","X-Gm-Features":"AVHnY4J3-BFOxCuZUe7hxUUKaJnHtN_CbI3Xk2Cumve9jbkCTf4fZ3HcKVxB8TE","Message-ID":"\n ","Subject":"Re: [PATCH] linux-user: Flush errors by using exit() instead of\n _exit() in error path","To":"Warner Losh ","Cc":"Helge Deller , Helge Deller ,\n qemu-devel@nongnu.org, Laurent Vivier ,\n Pierrick Bouvier ","Content-Type":"text/plain; charset=\"UTF-8\"","Received-SPF":"pass client-ip=2607:f8b0:4864:20::1131;\n envelope-from=peter.maydell@linaro.org; helo=mail-yw1-x1131.google.com","X-Spam_score_int":"-20","X-Spam_score":"-2.1","X-Spam_bar":"--","X-Spam_report":"(-2.1 / 5.0 requ) BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1,\n DKIM_VALID=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_AU=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_EF=-0.1,\n RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE=-0.0001, SPF_HELO_NONE=0.001,\n SPF_PASS=-0.001 autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no","X-Spam_action":"no action","X-BeenThere":"qemu-devel@nongnu.org","X-Mailman-Version":"2.1.29","Precedence":"list","List-Id":"qemu development ","List-Unsubscribe":",\n ","List-Archive":"","List-Post":"","List-Help":"","List-Subscribe":",\n ","Errors-To":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org","Sender":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org"}},{"id":3682409,"web_url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/comment/3682409/","msgid":"","list_archive_url":null,"date":"2026-04-26T14:37:30","subject":"Re: [PATCH] linux-user: Flush errors by using exit() instead of\n _exit() in error path","submitter":{"id":1115,"url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/api/people/1115/","name":"Helge Deller","email":"deller@gmx.de"},"content":"On 4/26/26 15:01, Peter Maydell wrote:\n> On Sat, 25 Apr 2026 at 15:49, Helge Deller wrote:\n>>\n>> From: Helge Deller \n>>\n>> Qemu user mode does not properly flushes error messages related to bad\n>> arguments when exiting (at least when the output is piped to a file\n>> instead of running on a terminal).\n>> Ensure that we always flush by using exit() instead of _exit().\n>>\n>> Reported by: Tobias Bergkvist\n>> Resolves: https://gitlab.com/qemu-project/qemu/-/work_items/2544\n>> Signed-off-by: Helge Deller \n>> ---\n>> linux-user/main.c | 2 +-\n>> 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)\n>>\n>> diff --git a/linux-user/main.c b/linux-user/main.c\n>> index c49d1e91d2..84e110dfe9 100644\n>> --- a/linux-user/main.c\n>> +++ b/linux-user/main.c\n>> @@ -767,7 +767,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp)\n>> execfd = open(exec_path, O_RDONLY);\n>> if (execfd < 0) {\n>> printf(\"Error while loading %s: %s\\n\", exec_path, strerror(errno));\n>> - _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n>> + exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n>> }\n>> }\n> \n> How about the other _exit() further down in the function\n> for the case where loader_exec() fails ? That seems like\n> it would have the same problem.\n\nI'll send a seperate patch for this one. Will then include in\nnext pull request series.\n\nThanks!\nHelge","headers":{"Return-Path":"","X-Original-To":"incoming@patchwork.ozlabs.org","Delivered-To":"patchwork-incoming@legolas.ozlabs.org","Authentication-Results":["legolas.ozlabs.org;\n\tdkim=pass (2048-bit key;\n secure) header.d=gmx.de header.i=deller@gmx.de header.a=rsa-sha256\n header.s=s31663417 header.b=RubE/EXj;\n\tdkim-atps=neutral","legolas.ozlabs.org;\n spf=pass (sender SPF authorized) smtp.mailfrom=nongnu.org\n (client-ip=209.51.188.17; helo=lists1p.gnu.org;\n envelope-from=qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org;\n receiver=patchwork.ozlabs.org)"],"Received":["from lists1p.gnu.org (lists1p.gnu.org [209.51.188.17])\n\t(using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits))\n\t(No client certificate requested)\n\tby legolas.ozlabs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4g3Tp84pxrz1xvV\n\tfor ; Mon, 27 Apr 2026 00:38:23 +1000 (AEST)","from localhost ([::1] helo=lists1p.gnu.org)\n\tby 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