[{"id":3676640,"web_url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/comment/3676640/","msgid":"","list_archive_url":null,"date":"2026-04-13T10:44:51","subject":"Re: [PATCH for-11.0 ?] docs: Deprecate Arm OABI and NWFPE support","submitter":{"id":91318,"url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/api/people/91318/","name":"Mohamed Mediouni","email":"mohamed@unpredictable.fr"},"content":"> On 13. Apr 2026, at 12:37, Peter Maydell wrote:\n> \n> Linux for 32-bit Arm has had two major ABIs: the original OABI and\n> the more modern EABI. OABI support was marked as obsolete in GCC 4.7\n> and dropped in GCC 4.8. In the Linux kernel, compatibility handling\n> for OABI (OABI_COMPAT) is not generally enabled by default and is not\n> compatible with building a Thumb2 kernel. Distros dropped OABI\n> support fifteen years or more ago.\n> \n> NWFPE floating-point emulation handles the ancient FPA11 coprocessor,\n> which is only needed/supported with OABI. Our implementation is old,\n> untested and not thread-safe.\n> \n> Mark OABI and NWFPE support as deprecated so we can remove it in a\n> future release. Our main motivation here is to be able to drop the\n> 2500+ lines of NWFPE emulation code.\n> \n> Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell \n\nHi,\n\nEspecially that this has ISA emulation code inside of linux-user (!)\n\nIf this is (unlikely) to continue to exist, it ought to be moved to\ncommon code for system emulation...\n\nReviewed-by: Mohamed Mediouni \n> \n> \n> ---\n> This just came up today; it's tempting to squeeze the deprecation\n> notice into 11.0 so we don't have an extra three months before\n> we can delete it, but we could just deprecate in 11.1 instead.\n> \n> docs/about/deprecated.rst | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++++++\n> 1 file changed, 25 insertions(+)\n> \n> diff --git a/docs/about/deprecated.rst b/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n> index a6d6a71326..10de10dc23 100644\n> --- a/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n> +++ b/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n> @@ -452,6 +452,31 @@ It was implemented as a no-op instruction in TCG up to QEMU 9.0, but\n> only with ``-cpu max`` (which does not guarantee migration compatibility\n> across versions).\n> \n> +linux-user mode CPUs\n> +--------------------\n> +\n> +OABI and NWFPE support for Arm CPUs\n> +'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''\n> +\n> +Linux for 32-bit Arm has had two major ABIs: the original OABI and the\n> +more modern EABI. OABI support was marked as obsolete in GCC 4.7 and\n> +dropped in GCC 4.8 (released in 2013). In the Linux kernel,\n> +compatibility handling for OABI (OABI_COMPAT) is not generally enabled\n> +by default and is not compatible with building a Thumb2\n> +kernel. Distros dropped OABI support fifteen years or more ago.\n> +\n> +The original floating-point coprocessor for 32-bit Arm was the\n> +FPA11. This was not present in many CPUs but did get baked into the\n> +OABI for how to pass floating point arguments, and so the Linux kernel\n> +has support for emulating it via the config option FPE_NWFPE; QEMU\n> +follows that. FPA11 support was also removed from GCC in GCC 4.8.\n> +\n> +QEMU's NWFPE code is old and untested and not thread-safe; the OABI\n> +ABI is long-obsolete. We are therefore deprecating both OABI support\n> +and NWFPE emulation, and they will be removed in a future QEMU\n> +release.\n> +\n> +\n> Backwards compatibility\n> -----------------------\n> \n> -- \n> 2.43.0\n> \n>","headers":{"Return-Path":"","X-Original-To":"incoming@patchwork.ozlabs.org","Delivered-To":"patchwork-incoming@legolas.ozlabs.org","Authentication-Results":["legolas.ozlabs.org;\n\tdkim=pass (2048-bit key;\n unprotected) header.d=unpredictable.fr header.i=@unpredictable.fr\n header.a=rsa-sha256 header.s=sig1 header.b=d1jPuJTR;\n\tdkim-atps=neutral","legolas.ozlabs.org;\n spf=pass (sender SPF authorized) smtp.mailfrom=nongnu.org\n (client-ip=209.51.188.17; helo=lists1p.gnu.org;\n envelope-from=qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org;\n receiver=patchwork.ozlabs.org)"],"Received":["from lists1p.gnu.org (lists1p.gnu.org [209.51.188.17])\n\t(using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits))\n\t(No client certificate requested)\n\tby legolas.ozlabs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fvPGR2pPyz1xtJ\n\tfor ; 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Mon, 13 Apr 2026 10:45:05 +0000 (UTC)"],"Dkim-Signature":"v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=unpredictable.fr;\n s=sig1; t=1776077108; x=1778669108;\n bh=kvpUHxG1fSduAkGhoOnHOglk6QAGi9NMYXUiuQG8gvk=;\n h=Content-Type:Mime-Version:Subject:From:Date:Message-Id:To:x-icloud-hme;\n b=d1jPuJTRPmjDZHO6QyuHn2gWuNANIFXmxAyRV6ebyqRJtQZ4m2lE/Qs9bwTpZr6WYeIuyid4a6F1LZGaueee39M4q9rn+NopznlSSmBGNNwtDOoSb95/ILTL/THI6sji532No1NWc60ISzOx/JIxX9lQtGid772GNGEqQlmMAtI7XDAytA25PGLk6JdtxiS1rMBSLzIClXsEcK0cEJ8aJBJdE1DQ/zxhv+M/7z5ePDfrwTD6xGRNVYfAKPU8URsCuCTsAYG0i5806Jj+1oQftDuyRpzDUW4ObLmr8qef0CiClAdchwQkW20yrWRKI0uPEFnr7oTRzWyRTXTawPR7vw==","mail-alias-created-date":"1752046281608","Content-Type":"text/plain;\n\tcharset=us-ascii","Mime-Version":"1.0 (Mac OS X Mail 16.0 \\(3864.500.181\\))","Subject":"Re: [PATCH for-11.0 ?] docs: Deprecate Arm OABI and NWFPE support","From":"Mohamed Mediouni ","In-Reply-To":"<20260413103754.45745-1-peter.maydell@linaro.org>","Date":"Mon, 13 Apr 2026 12:44:51 +0200","Cc":"qemu-arm@nongnu.org, qemu-devel@nongnu.org,\n Richard Henderson ","Content-Transfer-Encoding":"quoted-printable","Message-Id":"","References":"<20260413103754.45745-1-peter.maydell@linaro.org>","To":"Peter Maydell ","X-Mailer":"Apple Mail (2.3864.500.181)","X-Authority-Info-Out":"v=2.4 cv=U/qfzOru c=1 sm=1 tr=0 ts=69dcc932\n cx=c_apl:c_pps:t_out a=2G65uMN5HjSv0sBfM2Yj2w==:117\n a=2G65uMN5HjSv0sBfM2Yj2w==:17 a=kj9zAlcOel0A:10 a=A5OVakUREuEA:10\n a=VkNPw1HP01LnGYTKEx00:22 a=KKAkSRfTAAAA:8 a=m0MIS4uQmYall_Cdt4sA:9\n a=CjuIK1q_8ugA:10 a=cvBusfyB2V15izCimMoJ:22","X-Proofpoint-GUID":"NFgdbMIlLS5cUoYo-xNuZmpNa-Aimr2w","X-Proofpoint-Spam-Details-Enc":"AW1haW4tMjYwNDEzMDEwNCBTYWx0ZWRfX2utFdo2l4ODn\n rnjJYPSB5ifXQGyZVNGxRquTGSqapRx5+ZIJMhwxhD/1ztOGRhecn0LaYNoGorfyP65OUcR+7Rp\n LJ8UovCx35OFyksp0bNYJIkM5EDem++/ifPSfMgoeZPRNHBB6owyKcXZvG2cxf3WaA0TgU1JEyN\n x43xOs7VXDfQebwrEOc8sqiP9Y761f8GcDBugszx3k+oSQCcW2V6it2KHri2BL+UX1ybJgoL+xW\n s3TSIKzPjQb4bbHt3IrXM3Z/sopjpVi/dyf84tD+MWW7B70dSBunbhcwfmuOieE/KUpnron0i9W\n xwcUbMbi+oPOcJMvHAUJrGdw1rnK38LIBkO19d7px4o1dRosS0/CSKWiLH3kB0=","X-Proofpoint-ORIG-GUID":"NFgdbMIlLS5cUoYo-xNuZmpNa-Aimr2w","X-Proofpoint-Virus-Version":"vendor=baseguard\n engine=ICAP:2.0.293,Aquarius:18.0.1143,Hydra:6.1.51,FMLib:17.12.100.49\n definitions=2026-04-13_03,2026-04-13_01,2025-10-01_01","X-Proofpoint-Spam-Details":"rule=notspam policy=default score=0\n lowpriorityscore=0 clxscore=1030 phishscore=0 mlxlogscore=999 spamscore=0\n adultscore=0 mlxscore=0 bulkscore=0 malwarescore=0 suspectscore=0\n classifier=spam authscore=0 adjust=0 reason=mlx scancount=1\n engine=8.22.0-2601150000 definitions=main-2604130104","Received-SPF":"pass client-ip=57.103.88.106;\n envelope-from=mohamed@unpredictable.fr; helo=outbound.ci.icloud.com","X-Spam_score_int":"-20","X-Spam_score":"-2.1","X-Spam_bar":"--","X-Spam_report":"(-2.1 / 5.0 requ) BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1,\n DKIM_VALID=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_AU=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_EF=-0.1,\n RCVD_IN_VALIDITY_RPBL_BLOCKED=0.001, RCVD_IN_VALIDITY_SAFE_BLOCKED=0.001,\n SPF_HELO_PASS=-0.001, SPF_PASS=-0.001 autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no","X-Spam_action":"no action","X-BeenThere":"qemu-devel@nongnu.org","X-Mailman-Version":"2.1.29","Precedence":"list","List-Id":"qemu development ","List-Unsubscribe":",\n ","List-Archive":"","List-Post":"","List-Help":"","List-Subscribe":",\n ","Errors-To":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org","Sender":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org"}},{"id":3676642,"web_url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/comment/3676642/","msgid":"<87fr4zt9to.fsf@draig.linaro.org>","list_archive_url":null,"date":"2026-04-13T10:48:35","subject":"Re: [PATCH for-11.0 ?] docs: Deprecate Arm OABI and NWFPE support","submitter":{"id":39532,"url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/api/people/39532/","name":"Alex Bennée","email":"alex.bennee@linaro.org"},"content":"Peter Maydell writes:\n\n> Linux for 32-bit Arm has had two major ABIs: the original OABI and\n> the more modern EABI. OABI support was marked as obsolete in GCC 4.7\n> and dropped in GCC 4.8. In the Linux kernel, compatibility handling\n> for OABI (OABI_COMPAT) is not generally enabled by default and is not\n> compatible with building a Thumb2 kernel. Distros dropped OABI\n> support fifteen years or more ago.\n>\n> NWFPE floating-point emulation handles the ancient FPA11 coprocessor,\n> which is only needed/supported with OABI. Our implementation is old,\n> untested and not thread-safe.\n>\n> Mark OABI and NWFPE support as deprecated so we can remove it in a\n> future release. Our main motivation here is to be able to drop the\n> 2500+ lines of NWFPE emulation code.\n>\n> Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell \n\nReviewed-by: Alex Bennée \n\n> ---\n> This just came up today; it's tempting to squeeze the deprecation\n> notice into 11.0 so we don't have an extra three months before\n> we can delete it, but we could just deprecate in 11.1 instead.\n\nSeems reasonable to me.\n\n>\n> docs/about/deprecated.rst | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++++++\n> 1 file changed, 25 insertions(+)\n>\n> diff --git a/docs/about/deprecated.rst b/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n> index a6d6a71326..10de10dc23 100644\n> --- a/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n> +++ b/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n> @@ -452,6 +452,31 @@ It was implemented as a no-op instruction in TCG up to QEMU 9.0, but\n> only with ``-cpu max`` (which does not guarantee migration compatibility\n> across versions).\n> \n> +linux-user mode CPUs\n> +--------------------\n> +\n> +OABI and NWFPE support for Arm CPUs\n> +'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''\n> +\n> +Linux for 32-bit Arm has had two major ABIs: the original OABI and the\n> +more modern EABI. OABI support was marked as obsolete in GCC 4.7 and\n> +dropped in GCC 4.8 (released in 2013). In the Linux kernel,\n> +compatibility handling for OABI (OABI_COMPAT) is not generally enabled\n> +by default and is not compatible with building a Thumb2\n> +kernel. Distros dropped OABI support fifteen years or more ago.\n> +\n> +The original floating-point coprocessor for 32-bit Arm was the\n> +FPA11. This was not present in many CPUs but did get baked into the\n> +OABI for how to pass floating point arguments, and so the Linux kernel\n> +has support for emulating it via the config option FPE_NWFPE; QEMU\n> +follows that. FPA11 support was also removed from GCC in GCC 4.8.\n> +\n> +QEMU's NWFPE code is old and untested and not thread-safe; the OABI\n> +ABI is long-obsolete. We are therefore deprecating both OABI support\n> +and NWFPE emulation, and they will be removed in a future QEMU\n> +release.\n> +\n> +\n> Backwards compatibility\n> -----------------------","headers":{"Return-Path":"","X-Original-To":"incoming@patchwork.ozlabs.org","Delivered-To":"patchwork-incoming@legolas.ozlabs.org","Authentication-Results":["legolas.ozlabs.org;\n\tdkim=pass (2048-bit key;\n unprotected) header.d=linaro.org header.i=@linaro.org header.a=rsa-sha256\n header.s=google header.b=LsFMYhZf;\n\tdkim-atps=neutral","legolas.ozlabs.org;\n spf=pass (sender SPF authorized) smtp.mailfrom=nongnu.org\n (client-ip=209.51.188.17; helo=lists1p.gnu.org;\n envelope-from=qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org;\n receiver=patchwork.ozlabs.org)"],"Received":["from lists1p.gnu.org (lists1p.gnu.org [209.51.188.17])\n\t(using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits))\n\t(No client certificate requested)\n\tby legolas.ozlabs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fvPKF5y3dz1yDG\n\tfor ; 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emacs 30.1","Date":"Mon, 13 Apr 2026 11:48:35 +0100","Message-ID":"<87fr4zt9to.fsf@draig.linaro.org>","MIME-Version":"1.0","Content-Type":"text/plain; charset=utf-8","Content-Transfer-Encoding":"quoted-printable","Received-SPF":"pass client-ip=2a00:1450:4864:20::42c;\n envelope-from=alex.bennee@linaro.org; helo=mail-wr1-x42c.google.com","X-Spam_score_int":"-20","X-Spam_score":"-2.1","X-Spam_bar":"--","X-Spam_report":"(-2.1 / 5.0 requ) BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1,\n DKIM_VALID=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_AU=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_EF=-0.1,\n RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE=-0.0001, SPF_HELO_NONE=0.001,\n SPF_PASS=-0.001 autolearn=unavailable autolearn_force=no","X-Spam_action":"no action","X-BeenThere":"qemu-devel@nongnu.org","X-Mailman-Version":"2.1.29","Precedence":"list","List-Id":"qemu development ","List-Unsubscribe":",\n ","List-Archive":"","List-Post":"","List-Help":"","List-Subscribe":",\n ","Errors-To":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org","Sender":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org"}},{"id":3676643,"web_url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/comment/3676643/","msgid":"","list_archive_url":null,"date":"2026-04-13T10:48:46","subject":"Re: [PATCH for-11.0 ?] docs: Deprecate Arm OABI and NWFPE support","submitter":{"id":5111,"url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/api/people/5111/","name":"Peter Maydell","email":"peter.maydell@linaro.org"},"content":"On Mon, 13 Apr 2026 at 11:45, Mohamed Mediouni wrote:\n> > On 13. Apr 2026, at 12:37, Peter Maydell wrote:\n> > NWFPE floating-point emulation handles the ancient FPA11 coprocessor,\n> > which is only needed/supported with OABI. Our implementation is old,\n> > untested and not thread-safe.\n\n> Especially that this has ISA emulation code inside of linux-user (!)\n>\n> If this is (unlikely) to continue to exist, it ought to be moved to\n> common code for system emulation...\n\nNo, because no CPU we emulate has an FPA11. What we're emulating\nhere is the Linux kernel's emulation support. You can look at it\nas a set of syscalls with a very funny ABI and very specific\nbehaviour :-)\n\n-- PMM","headers":{"Return-Path":"","X-Original-To":"incoming@patchwork.ozlabs.org","Delivered-To":"patchwork-incoming@legolas.ozlabs.org","Authentication-Results":["legolas.ozlabs.org;\n\tdkim=pass (2048-bit key;\n unprotected) header.d=linaro.org header.i=@linaro.org header.a=rsa-sha256\n header.s=google header.b=wFqzrQ8P;\n\tdkim-atps=neutral","legolas.ozlabs.org;\n spf=pass (sender SPF authorized) smtp.mailfrom=nongnu.org\n (client-ip=209.51.188.17; helo=lists1p.gnu.org;\n envelope-from=qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org;\n receiver=patchwork.ozlabs.org)"],"Received":["from lists1p.gnu.org (lists1p.gnu.org [209.51.188.17])\n\t(using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits))\n\t(No client certificate requested)\n\tby legolas.ozlabs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fvPKy3Hqmz1xtJ\n\tfor ; Mon, 13 Apr 2026 20:49:26 +1000 (AEST)","from localhost ([::1] helo=lists1p.gnu.org)\n\tby lists1p.gnu.org with esmtp (Exim 4.90_1)\n\t(envelope-from )\n\tid 1wCEqz-0002ub-Df; 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Mon, 13 Apr 2026\n 03:48:58 -0700 (PDT)","MIME-Version":"1.0","References":"<20260413103754.45745-1-peter.maydell@linaro.org>\n ","In-Reply-To":"","From":"Peter Maydell ","Date":"Mon, 13 Apr 2026 11:48:46 +0100","X-Gm-Features":"AQROBzA3EHEWErFX0uNKwE_BDfcwG573kit_NzKi7mycu2Ipws6rncgdJlfDD_M","Message-ID":"\n ","Subject":"Re: [PATCH for-11.0 ?] docs: Deprecate Arm OABI and NWFPE support","To":"Mohamed Mediouni ","Cc":"qemu-arm@nongnu.org, qemu-devel@nongnu.org,\n Richard Henderson ","Content-Type":"text/plain; charset=\"UTF-8\"","Received-SPF":"pass client-ip=2607:f8b0:4864:20::b12d;\n envelope-from=peter.maydell@linaro.org; helo=mail-yx1-xb12d.google.com","X-Spam_score_int":"-20","X-Spam_score":"-2.1","X-Spam_bar":"--","X-Spam_report":"(-2.1 / 5.0 requ) BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1,\n DKIM_VALID=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_AU=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_EF=-0.1,\n RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE=-0.0001, SPF_HELO_NONE=0.001,\n SPF_PASS=-0.001 autolearn=unavailable autolearn_force=no","X-Spam_action":"no action","X-BeenThere":"qemu-devel@nongnu.org","X-Mailman-Version":"2.1.29","Precedence":"list","List-Id":"qemu development ","List-Unsubscribe":",\n ","List-Archive":"","List-Post":"","List-Help":"","List-Subscribe":",\n ","Errors-To":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org","Sender":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org"}},{"id":3676963,"web_url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/comment/3676963/","msgid":"<79d2c8e2-8ee7-41d5-8fbf-ec859032783c@linaro.org>","list_archive_url":null,"date":"2026-04-13T23:10:23","subject":"Re: [PATCH for-11.0 ?] docs: Deprecate Arm OABI and NWFPE support","submitter":{"id":72104,"url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/api/people/72104/","name":"Richard Henderson","email":"richard.henderson@linaro.org"},"content":"On 4/13/26 20:37, Peter Maydell wrote:\n> Linux for 32-bit Arm has had two major ABIs: the original OABI and\n> the more modern EABI. OABI support was marked as obsolete in GCC 4.7\n> and dropped in GCC 4.8. In the Linux kernel, compatibility handling\n> for OABI (OABI_COMPAT) is not generally enabled by default and is not\n> compatible with building a Thumb2 kernel. Distros dropped OABI\n> support fifteen years or more ago.\n> \n> NWFPE floating-point emulation handles the ancient FPA11 coprocessor,\n> which is only needed/supported with OABI. Our implementation is old,\n> untested and not thread-safe.\n> \n> Mark OABI and NWFPE support as deprecated so we can remove it in a\n> future release. Our main motivation here is to be able to drop the\n> 2500+ lines of NWFPE emulation code.\n> \n> Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell\n> ---\n> This just came up today; it's tempting to squeeze the deprecation\n> notice into 11.0 so we don't have an extra three months before\n> we can delete it, but we could just deprecate in 11.1 instead.\n> \n> docs/about/deprecated.rst | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++++++\n> 1 file changed, 25 insertions(+)\n\nThank you. This is better worded and more complete than what I just posted. I look \nforward to removing env->eabi as well. :-)\n\nReviewed-by: Richard Henderson \n\n\nr~","headers":{"Return-Path":"","X-Original-To":"incoming@patchwork.ozlabs.org","Delivered-To":"patchwork-incoming@legolas.ozlabs.org","Authentication-Results":["legolas.ozlabs.org;\n\tdkim=pass (2048-bit key;\n unprotected) header.d=linaro.org header.i=@linaro.org header.a=rsa-sha256\n header.s=google header.b=nttXkYZw;\n\tdkim-atps=neutral","legolas.ozlabs.org;\n spf=pass (sender SPF authorized) smtp.mailfrom=nongnu.org\n (client-ip=209.51.188.17; helo=lists1p.gnu.org;\n envelope-from=qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org;\n receiver=patchwork.ozlabs.org)"],"Received":["from lists1p.gnu.org (lists1p.gnu.org [209.51.188.17])\n\t(using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits))\n\t(No client certificate requested)\n\tby legolas.ozlabs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fvjnW37Hcz1xtJ\n\tfor ; Tue, 14 Apr 2026 09:10:55 +1000 (AEST)","from localhost ([::1] helo=lists1p.gnu.org)\n\tby lists1p.gnu.org with esmtp (Exim 4.90_1)\n\t(envelope-from )\n\tid 1wCQQR-0001ED-HS; 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