[{"id":3672641,"web_url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/comment/3672641/","msgid":"","list_archive_url":null,"date":"2026-04-02T10:06:08","subject":"Re: [PATCH 10/10] docs/about/deprecated: Deprecate the\n qemu-system-i386 binary","submitter":{"id":2694,"url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/api/people/2694/","name":"Daniel P. Berrangé","email":"berrange@redhat.com"},"content":"On Thu, Apr 02, 2026 at 11:51:32AM +0200, Thomas Huth wrote:\n> From: Thomas Huth \n> \n> Aside from not supporting KVM on 32-bit hosts, the qemu-system-x86_64\n> binary is a proper superset of the qemu-system-i386 binary. And with\n> the 32-bit x86 host support being removed now, it is possible to\n> deprecate the qemu-system-i386 binary now, too.\n> \n> With regards to 32-bit KVM support in the x86 Linux kernel,\n> the developers confirmed that they do not need a recent\n> qemu-system-i386 binary here:\n> \n> https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/Y%2ffkTs5ajFy0hP1U@google.com/\n> \n> Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé \n> Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth \n> ---\n> docs/about/deprecated.rst | 19 +++++++++++++++++++\n> 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+)\n> \n> diff --git a/docs/about/deprecated.rst b/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n> index a6d6a713265..2de51337d75 100644\n> --- a/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n> +++ b/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n> @@ -301,6 +301,25 @@ machine must ensure that they're setting the ``spike`` machine in the\n> command line (``-M spike``).\n> \n> \n> +System emulator binaries\n> +------------------------\n> +\n> +``qemu-system-i386`` binary (since 11.1)\n> +''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''\n> +\n> +The ``qemu-system-i386`` binary was mainly useful for running with KVM\n> +on 32-bit x86 hosts, but most Linux distributions already removed their\n> +support for 32-bit x86 kernels, so hardly anybody still needs this. The\n> +``qemu-system-x86_64`` binary is a proper superset and can be used to\n> +run 32-bit guests by selecting a 32-bit CPU model, including KVM support\n> +on x86_64 hosts. Thus users are recommended to reconfigure their systems\n> +to use the ``qemu-system-x86_64`` binary instead. If a 32-bit CPU guest\n> +environment should be enforced, you can switch off the \"long mode\" CPU\n> +flag with ``-cpu max,lm=off``, or rename/symlink ``qemu-system-x86_64``\n> +to ``qemu-system-i386`` -- QEMU will then run with the 64-bit extensions\n> +disabled.\n\nWhy don't we just have our install rules create the symlink from\nqemu-system-x86_64 to qemu-system-i386. That gives us near zero\nongoing maint cost, without need to deprecate stuff / impact users\n\n\nWith regards,\nDaniel","headers":{"Return-Path":"","X-Original-To":"incoming@patchwork.ozlabs.org","Delivered-To":"patchwork-incoming@legolas.ozlabs.org","Authentication-Results":["legolas.ozlabs.org;\n\tdkim=pass (1024-bit key;\n unprotected) header.d=redhat.com header.i=@redhat.com header.a=rsa-sha256\n header.s=mimecast20190719 header.b=FmKNHBT5;\n\tdkim-atps=neutral","legolas.ozlabs.org;\n spf=pass (sender SPF authorized) smtp.mailfrom=nongnu.org\n (client-ip=209.51.188.17; helo=lists.gnu.org;\n envelope-from=qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org;\n receiver=patchwork.ozlabs.org)"],"Received":["from lists.gnu.org (lists.gnu.org [209.51.188.17])\n\t(using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits))\n\t(No client certificate requested)\n\tby legolas.ozlabs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fmcvs3ygPz1yGH\n\tfor ; Thu, 02 Apr 2026 21:06:49 +1100 (AEDT)","from localhost ([::1] helo=lists1p.gnu.org)\n\tby lists.gnu.org with esmtp (Exim 4.90_1)\n\t(envelope-from )\n\tid 1w8EwV-0007D4-Pq; Thu, 02 Apr 2026 06:06:27 -0400","from eggs.gnu.org ([2001:470:142:3::10])\n by lists.gnu.org with esmtps (TLS1.2:ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:256)\n (Exim 4.90_1) (envelope-from )\n id 1w8EwT-0007CY-OF\n for qemu-devel@nongnu.org; Thu, 02 Apr 2026 06:06:25 -0400","from us-smtp-delivery-124.mimecast.com ([170.10.129.124])\n by eggs.gnu.org with esmtps (TLS1.2:ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:256)\n (Exim 4.90_1) (envelope-from )\n id 1w8EwQ-0003wh-60\n for qemu-devel@nongnu.org; Thu, 02 Apr 2026 06:06:25 -0400","from mx-prod-mc-05.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com\n (ec2-54-186-198-63.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com [54.186.198.63]) by\n relay.mimecast.com with ESMTP with STARTTLS (version=TLSv1.3,\n cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384) id us-mta-593-ypdIM2dBPJy0ByLqPd9MiQ-1; Thu,\n 02 Apr 2026 06:06:14 -0400","from mx-prod-int-06.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com\n (mx-prod-int-06.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com [10.30.177.93])\n (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits)\n key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) server-digest\n SHA256)\n (No client certificate requested)\n by mx-prod-mc-05.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS\n id 62DA2195609F; Thu, 2 Apr 2026 10:06:13 +0000 (UTC)","from redhat.com (headnet01.pony-001.prod.iad2.dc.redhat.com\n [10.2.32.101])\n by mx-prod-int-06.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com (Postfix) with\n ESMTPS\n id 28DA7180036E; Thu, 2 Apr 2026 10:06:10 +0000 (UTC)"],"DKIM-Signature":"v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=redhat.com;\n s=mimecast20190719; t=1775124377;\n h=from:from:reply-to:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:\n message-id:message-id:to:to:cc:cc:mime-version:mime-version:\n content-type:content-type:\n content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding:\n in-reply-to:in-reply-to:references:references;\n bh=m339GPAmBCpZ9Y/I+/J0yUq5i0Ilx+S/aJKhegffL0E=;\n b=FmKNHBT5MEO2qnWitTyr9sFB2ZkfyakbYXeW3lwhr/+W2ijWCnD+MLXxhHRGHGt8FQ94i5\n puQEK9dZrkrXnrZNkYmpwAmAiHxDJ8tGbSaEsoay4xwQYyR1YpEmsZm16mngQYBPiwkpvA\n Q8InFgberlQbvIK2MKD0mpgYcNwM4Y4=","X-MC-Unique":"ypdIM2dBPJy0ByLqPd9MiQ-1","X-Mimecast-MFC-AGG-ID":"ypdIM2dBPJy0ByLqPd9MiQ_1775124373","Date":"Thu, 2 Apr 2026 11:06:08 +0100","From":"Daniel =?utf-8?b?UC4gQmVycmFuZ8Op?= ","To":"Thomas Huth ","Cc":"Paolo Bonzini , qemu-devel@nongnu.org,\n Pierrick Bouvier ,\n \"Michael S. Tsirkin\" ,\n Richard Henderson , Philippe =?utf-8?q?Mathie?=\n\t=?utf-8?q?u-Daud=C3=A9?= , Zhao Liu ","Subject":"Re: [PATCH 10/10] docs/about/deprecated: Deprecate the\n qemu-system-i386 binary","Message-ID":"","References":"<20260402095132.29245-1-thuth@redhat.com>\n <20260402095132.29245-11-thuth@redhat.com>","MIME-Version":"1.0","Content-Type":"text/plain; charset=utf-8","Content-Disposition":"inline","Content-Transfer-Encoding":"8bit","In-Reply-To":"<20260402095132.29245-11-thuth@redhat.com>","User-Agent":"Mutt/2.2.14 (2025-02-20)","X-Scanned-By":"MIMEDefang 3.4.1 on 10.30.177.93","Received-SPF":"pass client-ip=170.10.129.124;\n envelope-from=berrange@redhat.com;\n helo=us-smtp-delivery-124.mimecast.com","X-Spam_score_int":"27","X-Spam_score":"2.7","X-Spam_bar":"++","X-Spam_report":"(2.7 / 5.0 requ) BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIMWL_WL_HIGH=-0.54,\n DKIM_SIGNED=0.1, DKIM_VALID=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_AU=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_EF=-0.1,\n RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE=-0.0001, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_H4=-0.01, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_WL=-0.01,\n RCVD_IN_SBL_CSS=3.335, RCVD_IN_VALIDITY_CERTIFIED_BLOCKED=1,\n RCVD_IN_VALIDITY_RPBL_BLOCKED=1, SPF_HELO_PASS=-0.001,\n SPF_PASS=-0.001 autolearn=no autolearn_force=no","X-Spam_action":"no action","X-BeenThere":"qemu-devel@nongnu.org","X-Mailman-Version":"2.1.29","Precedence":"list","List-Id":"qemu development ","List-Unsubscribe":",\n ","List-Archive":"","List-Post":"","List-Help":"","List-Subscribe":",\n ","Reply-To":"Daniel =?utf-8?b?UC4gQmVycmFuZ8Op?= ","Errors-To":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org","Sender":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org"}},{"id":3672644,"web_url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/comment/3672644/","msgid":"","list_archive_url":null,"date":"2026-04-02T10:11:37","subject":"Re: [PATCH 10/10] docs/about/deprecated: Deprecate the\n qemu-system-i386 binary","submitter":{"id":66152,"url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/api/people/66152/","name":"Thomas Huth","email":"thuth@redhat.com"},"content":"On 02/04/2026 12.06, Daniel P. Berrangé wrote:\n> On Thu, Apr 02, 2026 at 11:51:32AM +0200, Thomas Huth wrote:\n>> From: Thomas Huth \n>>\n>> Aside from not supporting KVM on 32-bit hosts, the qemu-system-x86_64\n>> binary is a proper superset of the qemu-system-i386 binary. And with\n>> the 32-bit x86 host support being removed now, it is possible to\n>> deprecate the qemu-system-i386 binary now, too.\n>>\n>> With regards to 32-bit KVM support in the x86 Linux kernel,\n>> the developers confirmed that they do not need a recent\n>> qemu-system-i386 binary here:\n>>\n>> https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/Y%2ffkTs5ajFy0hP1U@google.com/\n>>\n>> Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé \n>> Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth \n>> ---\n>> docs/about/deprecated.rst | 19 +++++++++++++++++++\n>> 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+)\n>>\n>> diff --git a/docs/about/deprecated.rst b/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n>> index a6d6a713265..2de51337d75 100644\n>> --- a/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n>> +++ b/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n>> @@ -301,6 +301,25 @@ machine must ensure that they're setting the ``spike`` machine in the\n>> command line (``-M spike``).\n>> \n>> \n>> +System emulator binaries\n>> +------------------------\n>> +\n>> +``qemu-system-i386`` binary (since 11.1)\n>> +''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''\n>> +\n>> +The ``qemu-system-i386`` binary was mainly useful for running with KVM\n>> +on 32-bit x86 hosts, but most Linux distributions already removed their\n>> +support for 32-bit x86 kernels, so hardly anybody still needs this. The\n>> +``qemu-system-x86_64`` binary is a proper superset and can be used to\n>> +run 32-bit guests by selecting a 32-bit CPU model, including KVM support\n>> +on x86_64 hosts. Thus users are recommended to reconfigure their systems\n>> +to use the ``qemu-system-x86_64`` binary instead. If a 32-bit CPU guest\n>> +environment should be enforced, you can switch off the \"long mode\" CPU\n>> +flag with ``-cpu max,lm=off``, or rename/symlink ``qemu-system-x86_64``\n>> +to ``qemu-system-i386`` -- QEMU will then run with the 64-bit extensions\n>> +disabled.\n> \n> Why don't we just have our install rules create the symlink from\n> qemu-system-x86_64 to qemu-system-i386. That gives us near zero\n> ongoing maint cost, without need to deprecate stuff / impact users\n\nI think we should do that once the deprecation period is over and we don't \nallow to build QEMU in this mode anymore. I would rather not jump directly \nto that state to provide people some time for experimenting whether this new \napproach works as expected in all scenarios that are in use.\n\n Thomas","headers":{"Return-Path":"","X-Original-To":"incoming@patchwork.ozlabs.org","Delivered-To":"patchwork-incoming@legolas.ozlabs.org","Authentication-Results":["legolas.ozlabs.org;\n\tdkim=pass (1024-bit key;\n unprotected) header.d=redhat.com header.i=@redhat.com header.a=rsa-sha256\n header.s=mimecast20190719 header.b=YWow3USD;\n\tdkim=pass (2048-bit key;\n unprotected) header.d=redhat.com header.i=@redhat.com header.a=rsa-sha256\n header.s=google header.b=crWvKOux;\n\tdkim-atps=neutral","legolas.ozlabs.org;\n spf=pass (sender SPF authorized) smtp.mailfrom=nongnu.org\n (client-ip=209.51.188.17; helo=lists.gnu.org;\n envelope-from=qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org;\n receiver=patchwork.ozlabs.org)"],"Received":["from lists.gnu.org (lists.gnu.org [209.51.188.17])\n\t(using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits))\n\t(No client certificate requested)\n\tby legolas.ozlabs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fmd1x5VZvz1yCs\n\tfor ; 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Tsirkin\" ,\n Richard Henderson , =?utf-8?q?Philippe_Mathie?=\n\t=?utf-8?q?u-Daud=C3=A9?= , Zhao Liu ","References":"<20260402095132.29245-1-thuth@redhat.com>\n <20260402095132.29245-11-thuth@redhat.com> ","Content-Language":"en-US","From":"Thomas Huth ","Autocrypt":"addr=thuth@redhat.com; keydata=\n xsFNBFH7eUwBEACzyOXKU+5Pcs6wNpKzrlJwzRl3VGZt95VCdb+FgoU9g11m7FWcOafrVRwU\n yYkTm9+7zBUc0sW5AuPGR/dp3pSLX/yFWsA/UB4nJsHqgDvDU7BImSeiTrnpMOTXb7Arw2a2\n 4CflIyFqjCpfDM4MuTmzTjXq4Uov1giGE9X6viNo1pxyEpd7PanlKNnf4PqEQp06X4IgUacW\n tSGj6Gcns1bCuHV8OPWLkf4hkRnu8hdL6i60Yxz4E6TqlrpxsfYwLXgEeswPHOA6Mn4Cso9O\n 0lewVYfFfsmokfAVMKWzOl1Sr0KGI5T9CpmRfAiSHpthhHWnECcJFwl72NTi6kUcUzG4se81\n O6n9d/kTj7pzTmBdfwuOZ0YUSqcqs0W+l1NcASSYZQaDoD3/SLk+nqVeCBB4OnYOGhgmIHNW\n 0CwMRO/GK+20alxzk//V9GmIM2ACElbfF8+Uug3pqiHkVnKqM7W9/S1NH2qmxB6zMiJUHlTH\n gnVeZX0dgH27mzstcF786uPcdEqS0KJuxh2kk5IvUSL3Qn3ZgmgdxBMyCPciD/1cb7/Ahazr\n 3ThHQXSHXkH/aDXdfLsKVuwDzHLVSkdSnZdt5HHh75/NFHxwaTlydgfHmFFwodK8y/TjyiGZ\n zg2Kje38xnz8zKn9iesFBCcONXS7txENTzX0z80WKBhK+XSFJwARAQABzR5UaG9tYXMgSHV0\n aCA8dGh1dGhAcmVkaGF0LmNvbT7CwXgEEwECACIFAlVgX6oCGwMGCwkIBwMCBhUIAgkKCwQW\n AgMBAh4BAheAAAoJEC7Z13T+cC21EbIP/ii9cvT2HHGbFRl8HqGT6+7Wkb+XLMqJBMAIGiQK\n QIP3xk1HPTsLfVG0ao4hy/oYkGNOP8+ubLnZen6Yq3zAFiMhQ44lvgigDYJo3Ve59gfe99KX\n EbtB+X95ODARkq0McR6OAsPNJ7gpEUzfkQUUJTXRDQXfG/FX303Gvk+YU0spm2tsIKPl6AmV\n 1CegDljzjycyfJbk418MQmMu2T82kjrkEofUO2a24ed3VGC0/Uz//XCR2ZTo+vBoBUQl41BD\n eFFtoCSrzo3yPFS+w5fkH9NT8ChdpSlbNS32NhYQhJtr9zjWyFRf0Zk+T/1P7ECn6gTEkp5k\n ofFIA4MFBc/fXbaDRtBmPB0N9pqTFApIUI4vuFPPO0JDrII9dLwZ6lO9EKiwuVlvr1wwzsgq\n zJTPBU3qHaUO4d/8G+gD7AL/6T4zi8Jo/GmjBsnYaTzbm94lf0CjXjsOX3seMhaE6WAZOQQG\n tZHAO1kAPWpaxne+wtgMKthyPLNwelLf+xzGvrIKvLX6QuLoWMnWldu22z2ICVnLQChlR9d6\n WW8QFEpo/FK7omuS8KvvopFcOOdlbFMM8Y/8vBgVMSsK6fsYUhruny/PahprPbYGiNIhKqz7\n UvgyZVl4pBFjTaz/SbimTk210vIlkDyy1WuS8Zsn0htv4+jQPgo9rqFE4mipJjy/iboDzsFN\n BFH7eUwBEAC2nzfUeeI8dv0C4qrfCPze6NkryUflEut9WwHhfXCLjtvCjnoGqFelH/PE9NF4\n 4VPSCdvD1SSmFVzu6T9qWdcwMSaC+e7G/z0/AhBfqTeosAF5XvKQlAb9ZPkdDr7YN0a1XDfa\n +NgA+JZB4ROyBZFFAwNHT+HCnyzy0v9Sh3BgJJwfpXHH2l3LfncvV8rgFv0bvdr70U+On2XH\n 5bApOyW1WpIG5KPJlDdzcQTyptOJ1dnEHfwnABEfzI3dNf63rlxsGouX/NFRRRNqkdClQR3K\n gCwciaXfZ7ir7fF0u1N2UuLsWA8Ei1JrNypk+MRxhbvdQC4tyZCZ8mVDk+QOK6pyK2f4rMf/\n WmqxNTtAVmNuZIwnJdjRMMSs4W4w6N/bRvpqtykSqx7VXcgqtv6eqoDZrNuhGbekQA0sAnCJ\n VPArerAZGArm63o39me/bRUQeQVSxEBmg66yshF9HkcUPGVeC4B0TPwz+HFcVhheo6hoJjLq\n knFOPLRj+0h+ZL+D0GenyqD3CyuyeTT5dGcNU9qT74bdSr20k/CklvI7S9yoQje8BeQAHtdV\n cvO8XCLrpGuw9SgOS7OP5oI26a0548M4KldAY+kqX6XVphEw3/6U1KTf7WxW5zYLTtadjISB\n X9xsRWSU+Yqs3C7oN5TIPSoj9tXMoxZkCIHWvnqGwZ7JhwARAQABwsFfBBgBAgAJBQJR+3lM\n AhsMAAoJEC7Z13T+cC21hPAQAIsBL9MdGpdEpvXs9CYrBkd6tS9mbaSWj6XBDfA1AEdQkBOn\n ZH1Qt7HJesk+qNSnLv6+jP4VwqK5AFMrKJ6IjE7jqgzGxtcZnvSjeDGPF1h2CKZQPpTw890k\n fy18AvgFHkVk2Oylyexw3aOBsXg6ukN44vIFqPoc+YSU0+0QIdYJp/XFsgWxnFIMYwDpxSHS\n 5fdDxUjsk3UBHZx+IhFjs2siVZi5wnHIqM7eK9abr2cK2weInTBwXwqVWjsXZ4tq5+jQrwDK\n cvxIcwXdUTLGxc4/Z/VRH1PZSvfQxdxMGmNTGaXVNfdFZjm4fz0mz+OUi6AHC4CZpwnsliGV\n ODqwX8Y1zic9viSTbKS01ZNp175POyWViUk9qisPZB7ypfSIVSEULrL347qY/hm9ahhqmn17\n Ng255syASv3ehvX7iwWDfzXbA0/TVaqwa1YIkec+/8miicV0zMP9siRcYQkyTqSzaTFBBmqD\n oiT+z+/E59qj/EKfyce3sbC9XLjXv3mHMrq1tKX4G7IJGnS989E/fg6crv6NHae9Ckm7+lSs\n IQu4bBP2GxiRQ+NV3iV/KU3ebMRzqIC//DCOxzQNFNJAKldPe/bKZMCxEqtVoRkuJtNdp/5a\n yXFZ6TfE1hGKrDBYAm4vrnZ4CXFSBDllL59cFFOJCkn4Xboj/aVxxJxF30bn","In-Reply-To":"","Content-Type":"text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed","Content-Transfer-Encoding":"8bit","Received-SPF":"pass client-ip=170.10.129.124; envelope-from=thuth@redhat.com;\n helo=us-smtp-delivery-124.mimecast.com","X-Spam_score_int":"-6","X-Spam_score":"-0.7","X-Spam_bar":"/","X-Spam_report":"(-0.7 / 5.0 requ) BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIMWL_WL_HIGH=-0.54,\n DKIM_SIGNED=0.1, DKIM_VALID=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_AU=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_EF=-0.1,\n RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE=-0.0001, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_H4=-0.01, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_WL=-0.01,\n RCVD_IN_VALIDITY_CERTIFIED_BLOCKED=1, RCVD_IN_VALIDITY_RPBL_BLOCKED=1,\n SPF_HELO_PASS=-0.001, SPF_PASS=-0.001 autolearn=no autolearn_force=no","X-Spam_action":"no action","X-BeenThere":"qemu-devel@nongnu.org","X-Mailman-Version":"2.1.29","Precedence":"list","List-Id":"qemu development ","List-Unsubscribe":",\n ","List-Archive":"","List-Post":"","List-Help":"","List-Subscribe":",\n ","Errors-To":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org","Sender":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org"}},{"id":3672656,"web_url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/comment/3672656/","msgid":"","list_archive_url":null,"date":"2026-04-02T10:41:02","subject":"Re: [PATCH 10/10] docs/about/deprecated: Deprecate the\n qemu-system-i386 binary","submitter":{"id":2694,"url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/api/people/2694/","name":"Daniel P. Berrangé","email":"berrange@redhat.com"},"content":"On Thu, Apr 02, 2026 at 12:11:37PM +0200, Thomas Huth wrote:\n> On 02/04/2026 12.06, Daniel P. Berrangé wrote:\n> > On Thu, Apr 02, 2026 at 11:51:32AM +0200, Thomas Huth wrote:\n> > > From: Thomas Huth \n> > > \n> > > Aside from not supporting KVM on 32-bit hosts, the qemu-system-x86_64\n> > > binary is a proper superset of the qemu-system-i386 binary. And with\n> > > the 32-bit x86 host support being removed now, it is possible to\n> > > deprecate the qemu-system-i386 binary now, too.\n> > > \n> > > With regards to 32-bit KVM support in the x86 Linux kernel,\n> > > the developers confirmed that they do not need a recent\n> > > qemu-system-i386 binary here:\n> > > \n> > > https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/Y%2ffkTs5ajFy0hP1U@google.com/\n> > > \n> > > Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé \n> > > Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth \n> > > ---\n> > > docs/about/deprecated.rst | 19 +++++++++++++++++++\n> > > 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+)\n> > > \n> > > diff --git a/docs/about/deprecated.rst b/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n> > > index a6d6a713265..2de51337d75 100644\n> > > --- a/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n> > > +++ b/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n> > > @@ -301,6 +301,25 @@ machine must ensure that they're setting the ``spike`` machine in the\n> > > command line (``-M spike``).\n> > > +System emulator binaries\n> > > +------------------------\n> > > +\n> > > +``qemu-system-i386`` binary (since 11.1)\n> > > +''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''\n> > > +\n> > > +The ``qemu-system-i386`` binary was mainly useful for running with KVM\n> > > +on 32-bit x86 hosts, but most Linux distributions already removed their\n> > > +support for 32-bit x86 kernels, so hardly anybody still needs this. The\n> > > +``qemu-system-x86_64`` binary is a proper superset and can be used to\n> > > +run 32-bit guests by selecting a 32-bit CPU model, including KVM support\n> > > +on x86_64 hosts. Thus users are recommended to reconfigure their systems\n> > > +to use the ``qemu-system-x86_64`` binary instead. If a 32-bit CPU guest\n> > > +environment should be enforced, you can switch off the \"long mode\" CPU\n> > > +flag with ``-cpu max,lm=off``, or rename/symlink ``qemu-system-x86_64``\n> > > +to ``qemu-system-i386`` -- QEMU will then run with the 64-bit extensions\n> > > +disabled.\n> > \n> > Why don't we just have our install rules create the symlink from\n> > qemu-system-x86_64 to qemu-system-i386. That gives us near zero\n> > ongoing maint cost, without need to deprecate stuff / impact users\n> \n> I think we should do that once the deprecation period is over and we don't\n> allow to build QEMU in this mode anymore. I would rather not jump directly\n> to that state to provide people some time for experimenting whether this new\n> approach works as expected in all scenarios that are in use.\n\nThis feels a bit wierd as a deprecation though. We're telling people\nnot to use qemu-system-i386 and yet we intend to continue providing\nit via a symlink and expect full back compatibility and people can\ncarry on with it forever.\n\n\nI think this is probably something better handled via a build time\noption & messages from\n\n * Step 1: full i686 binary by default but have --enable-i686-compat\n to switch to symlink. Issue hint message that symlink will\n\t become the default in future & asking for feedback if\n\t --enable-i686-compat is not given\n\n * Step 2: symlink i686 binary by default but have --disable-i686-compat\n to switch to full binary. Issue *WARNING* that full binary\n\t will be soon removed if --disable-i686-compat is given\n\n * Step 3: remove full binary\n\nWith regards,\nDaniel","headers":{"Return-Path":"","X-Original-To":"incoming@patchwork.ozlabs.org","Delivered-To":"patchwork-incoming@legolas.ozlabs.org","Authentication-Results":["legolas.ozlabs.org;\n\tdkim=pass (1024-bit key;\n unprotected) header.d=redhat.com header.i=@redhat.com header.a=rsa-sha256\n header.s=mimecast20190719 header.b=SQoOIFvs;\n\tdkim-atps=neutral","legolas.ozlabs.org;\n spf=pass (sender SPF authorized) smtp.mailfrom=nongnu.org\n (client-ip=209.51.188.17; helo=lists.gnu.org;\n envelope-from=qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org;\n receiver=patchwork.ozlabs.org)"],"Received":["from lists.gnu.org (lists.gnu.org [209.51.188.17])\n\t(using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits))\n\t(No client certificate requested)\n\tby legolas.ozlabs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fmdgz60Rwz1yCs\n\tfor ; Thu, 02 Apr 2026 21:41:35 +1100 (AEDT)","from localhost ([::1] helo=lists1p.gnu.org)\n\tby lists.gnu.org with esmtp (Exim 4.90_1)\n\t(envelope-from )\n\tid 1w8FUG-0001T4-4S; Thu, 02 Apr 2026 06:41:20 -0400","from eggs.gnu.org ([2001:470:142:3::10])\n by lists.gnu.org with esmtps (TLS1.2:ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:256)\n (Exim 4.90_1) (envelope-from )\n id 1w8FUB-0001Ry-UT\n for qemu-devel@nongnu.org; Thu, 02 Apr 2026 06:41:16 -0400","from us-smtp-delivery-124.mimecast.com ([170.10.129.124])\n by eggs.gnu.org with esmtps (TLS1.2:ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:256)\n (Exim 4.90_1) (envelope-from )\n id 1w8FU9-0006sB-MZ\n for qemu-devel@nongnu.org; Thu, 02 Apr 2026 06:41:15 -0400","from mx-prod-mc-05.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com\n (ec2-54-186-198-63.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com [54.186.198.63]) by\n relay.mimecast.com with ESMTP with STARTTLS (version=TLSv1.3,\n cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384) id us-mta-223-qfs-k438MnmffsO5JhzcrQ-1; Thu,\n 02 Apr 2026 06:41:09 -0400","from mx-prod-int-03.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com\n (mx-prod-int-03.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com [10.30.177.12])\n (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits)\n key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) server-digest\n SHA256)\n (No client certificate requested)\n by mx-prod-mc-05.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS\n id F1B69195608A; Thu, 2 Apr 2026 10:41:07 +0000 (UTC)","from redhat.com (headnet01.pony-001.prod.iad2.dc.redhat.com\n [10.2.32.101])\n by mx-prod-int-03.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com (Postfix) with\n ESMTPS\n id 7E97819560A6; Thu, 2 Apr 2026 10:41:05 +0000 (UTC)"],"DKIM-Signature":"v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=redhat.com;\n s=mimecast20190719; t=1775126472;\n h=from:from:reply-to:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:\n message-id:message-id:to:to:cc:cc:mime-version:mime-version:\n content-type:content-type:\n content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding:\n in-reply-to:in-reply-to:references:references;\n bh=c1vhVvlYNCsXdIIKqPFI4W6ZZltKh5A119HMVmvq3ms=;\n b=SQoOIFvsv+HrvqWvr/yLbsg9MrvoXc8UXxh1Mu3sw4CWzn0oZxJDQUkf7bvX5IE87twjtH\n FQ3XluYvueKGYhjh4BmyFUUODeC5vl15MqO9u8XVHkBIdBYGnUF8dYPE3g0QVDr1SxwDj4\n h/ibr3MmQ84LTru2N2x88mCazx07Agw=","X-MC-Unique":"qfs-k438MnmffsO5JhzcrQ-1","X-Mimecast-MFC-AGG-ID":"qfs-k438MnmffsO5JhzcrQ_1775126468","Date":"Thu, 2 Apr 2026 11:41:02 +0100","From":"Daniel =?utf-8?b?UC4gQmVycmFuZ8Op?= ","To":"Thomas Huth ","Cc":"Paolo Bonzini , qemu-devel@nongnu.org,\n Pierrick Bouvier ,\n \"Michael S. Tsirkin\" ,\n Richard Henderson , Philippe =?utf-8?q?Mathie?=\n\t=?utf-8?q?u-Daud=C3=A9?= , Zhao Liu ","Subject":"Re: [PATCH 10/10] docs/about/deprecated: Deprecate the\n qemu-system-i386 binary","Message-ID":"","References":"<20260402095132.29245-1-thuth@redhat.com>\n <20260402095132.29245-11-thuth@redhat.com>\n \n ","MIME-Version":"1.0","Content-Type":"text/plain; charset=utf-8","Content-Disposition":"inline","Content-Transfer-Encoding":"8bit","In-Reply-To":"","User-Agent":"Mutt/2.2.14 (2025-02-20)","X-Scanned-By":"MIMEDefang 3.0 on 10.30.177.12","Received-SPF":"pass client-ip=170.10.129.124;\n envelope-from=berrange@redhat.com;\n helo=us-smtp-delivery-124.mimecast.com","X-Spam_score_int":"27","X-Spam_score":"2.7","X-Spam_bar":"++","X-Spam_report":"(2.7 / 5.0 requ) BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIMWL_WL_HIGH=-0.54,\n DKIM_SIGNED=0.1, DKIM_VALID=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_AU=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_EF=-0.1,\n RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE=-0.0001, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_H4=-0.01, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_WL=-0.01,\n RCVD_IN_SBL_CSS=3.335, RCVD_IN_VALIDITY_CERTIFIED_BLOCKED=1,\n RCVD_IN_VALIDITY_RPBL_BLOCKED=1, SPF_HELO_PASS=-0.001,\n SPF_PASS=-0.001 autolearn=no autolearn_force=no","X-Spam_action":"no action","X-BeenThere":"qemu-devel@nongnu.org","X-Mailman-Version":"2.1.29","Precedence":"list","List-Id":"qemu development ","List-Unsubscribe":",\n ","List-Archive":"","List-Post":"","List-Help":"","List-Subscribe":",\n ","Reply-To":"Daniel =?utf-8?b?UC4gQmVycmFuZ8Op?= ","Errors-To":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org","Sender":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org"}},{"id":3672657,"web_url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/comment/3672657/","msgid":"","list_archive_url":null,"date":"2026-04-02T10:44:19","subject":"Re: [PATCH 10/10] docs/about/deprecated: Deprecate the\n qemu-system-i386 binary","submitter":{"id":2694,"url":"http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/api/people/2694/","name":"Daniel P. Berrangé","email":"berrange@redhat.com"},"content":"On Thu, Apr 02, 2026 at 11:41:02AM +0100, Daniel P. Berrangé wrote:\n> On Thu, Apr 02, 2026 at 12:11:37PM +0200, Thomas Huth wrote:\n> > On 02/04/2026 12.06, Daniel P. Berrangé wrote:\n> > > On Thu, Apr 02, 2026 at 11:51:32AM +0200, Thomas Huth wrote:\n> > > > From: Thomas Huth \n> > > > \n> > > > Aside from not supporting KVM on 32-bit hosts, the qemu-system-x86_64\n> > > > binary is a proper superset of the qemu-system-i386 binary. And with\n> > > > the 32-bit x86 host support being removed now, it is possible to\n> > > > deprecate the qemu-system-i386 binary now, too.\n> > > > \n> > > > With regards to 32-bit KVM support in the x86 Linux kernel,\n> > > > the developers confirmed that they do not need a recent\n> > > > qemu-system-i386 binary here:\n> > > > \n> > > > https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/Y%2ffkTs5ajFy0hP1U@google.com/\n> > > > \n> > > > Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé \n> > > > Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth \n> > > > ---\n> > > > docs/about/deprecated.rst | 19 +++++++++++++++++++\n> > > > 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+)\n> > > > \n> > > > diff --git a/docs/about/deprecated.rst b/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n> > > > index a6d6a713265..2de51337d75 100644\n> > > > --- a/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n> > > > +++ b/docs/about/deprecated.rst\n> > > > @@ -301,6 +301,25 @@ machine must ensure that they're setting the ``spike`` machine in the\n> > > > command line (``-M spike``).\n> > > > +System emulator binaries\n> > > > +------------------------\n> > > > +\n> > > > +``qemu-system-i386`` binary (since 11.1)\n> > > > +''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''\n> > > > +\n> > > > +The ``qemu-system-i386`` binary was mainly useful for running with KVM\n> > > > +on 32-bit x86 hosts, but most Linux distributions already removed their\n> > > > +support for 32-bit x86 kernels, so hardly anybody still needs this. The\n> > > > +``qemu-system-x86_64`` binary is a proper superset and can be used to\n> > > > +run 32-bit guests by selecting a 32-bit CPU model, including KVM support\n> > > > +on x86_64 hosts. Thus users are recommended to reconfigure their systems\n> > > > +to use the ``qemu-system-x86_64`` binary instead. If a 32-bit CPU guest\n> > > > +environment should be enforced, you can switch off the \"long mode\" CPU\n> > > > +flag with ``-cpu max,lm=off``, or rename/symlink ``qemu-system-x86_64``\n> > > > +to ``qemu-system-i386`` -- QEMU will then run with the 64-bit extensions\n> > > > +disabled.\n> > > \n> > > Why don't we just have our install rules create the symlink from\n> > > qemu-system-x86_64 to qemu-system-i386. That gives us near zero\n> > > ongoing maint cost, without need to deprecate stuff / impact users\n> > \n> > I think we should do that once the deprecation period is over and we don't\n> > allow to build QEMU in this mode anymore. I would rather not jump directly\n> > to that state to provide people some time for experimenting whether this new\n> > approach works as expected in all scenarios that are in use.\n> \n> This feels a bit wierd as a deprecation though. We're telling people\n> not to use qemu-system-i386 and yet we intend to continue providing\n> it via a symlink and expect full back compatibility and people can\n> carry on with it forever.\n> \n> \n> I think this is probably something better handled via a build time\n> option & messages from\n> \n> * Step 1: full i686 binary by default but have --enable-i686-compat\n> to switch to symlink. Issue hint message that symlink will\n> \t become the default in future & asking for feedback if\n> \t --enable-i686-compat is not given\n> \n> * Step 2: symlink i686 binary by default but have --disable-i686-compat\n> to switch to full binary. Issue *WARNING* that full binary\n> \t will be soon removed if --disable-i686-compat is given\n> \n> * Step 3: remove full binary\n\nHaving said that, I guess this should still be expressed in a deprecation\nnote, if we rephase it to describe this plan.\n\nWith regards,\nDaniel","headers":{"Return-Path":"","X-Original-To":"incoming@patchwork.ozlabs.org","Delivered-To":"patchwork-incoming@legolas.ozlabs.org","Authentication-Results":["legolas.ozlabs.org;\n\tdkim=pass (1024-bit key;\n unprotected) header.d=redhat.com header.i=@redhat.com header.a=rsa-sha256\n header.s=mimecast20190719 header.b=KzzbrTeY;\n\tdkim-atps=neutral","legolas.ozlabs.org;\n spf=pass (sender SPF authorized) smtp.mailfrom=nongnu.org\n (client-ip=209.51.188.17; helo=lists.gnu.org;\n envelope-from=qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org;\n receiver=patchwork.ozlabs.org)"],"Received":["from lists.gnu.org (lists.gnu.org [209.51.188.17])\n\t(using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits))\n\t(No client certificate requested)\n\tby legolas.ozlabs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4fmdlj5DpSz1yCs\n\tfor ; Thu, 02 Apr 2026 21:44:49 +1100 (AEDT)","from localhost ([::1] helo=lists1p.gnu.org)\n\tby lists.gnu.org with esmtp (Exim 4.90_1)\n\t(envelope-from )\n\tid 1w8FXP-0002xk-3L; Thu, 02 Apr 2026 06:44:35 -0400","from eggs.gnu.org ([2001:470:142:3::10])\n by lists.gnu.org with esmtps (TLS1.2:ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:256)\n (Exim 4.90_1) (envelope-from )\n id 1w8FXL-0002x6-M0\n for qemu-devel@nongnu.org; Thu, 02 Apr 2026 06:44:31 -0400","from us-smtp-delivery-124.mimecast.com ([170.10.129.124])\n by eggs.gnu.org with esmtps (TLS1.2:ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:256)\n (Exim 4.90_1) (envelope-from )\n id 1w8FXJ-0007Eg-Gy\n for qemu-devel@nongnu.org; Thu, 02 Apr 2026 06:44:31 -0400","from mx-prod-mc-05.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com\n (ec2-54-186-198-63.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com [54.186.198.63]) by\n relay.mimecast.com with ESMTP with STARTTLS (version=TLSv1.3,\n cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384) id us-mta-459-XGUCKl8FOUe4sxmDhGA6Yw-1; Thu,\n 02 Apr 2026 06:44:25 -0400","from mx-prod-int-03.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com\n (mx-prod-int-03.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com [10.30.177.12])\n (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits)\n key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) server-digest\n SHA256)\n (No client certificate requested)\n by mx-prod-mc-05.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS\n id 31114195609E; Thu, 2 Apr 2026 10:44:24 +0000 (UTC)","from redhat.com (headnet01.pony-001.prod.iad2.dc.redhat.com\n [10.2.32.101])\n by mx-prod-int-03.mail-002.prod.us-west-2.aws.redhat.com (Postfix) with\n ESMTPS\n id 0F38A19560A6; Thu, 2 Apr 2026 10:44:21 +0000 (UTC)"],"DKIM-Signature":"v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=redhat.com;\n s=mimecast20190719; t=1775126668;\n h=from:from:reply-to:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:\n message-id:message-id:to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version:\n content-type:content-type:\n content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding:\n in-reply-to:in-reply-to:references:references;\n bh=i3XB0Rv4IKJ2gT/uRlL59t1/ptp/3MqrPjmYMiTVF/A=;\n b=KzzbrTeYRGuLkBSH1F4WlpG+b60hZyuJY/mrKIGG/4kCIa+LQNHo2QlX0dFuB9dc7tmDIX\n qEWFnvugdNKAxSh48B8MyQIqdBkQWpAlm3evf/JlbviNxpWnMvkbt+Bjx4Ig1XWTWOTxwP\n Fz+Uq8R1sO9h7iQixXQZ5XQPFwB5MPc=","X-MC-Unique":"XGUCKl8FOUe4sxmDhGA6Yw-1","X-Mimecast-MFC-AGG-ID":"XGUCKl8FOUe4sxmDhGA6Yw_1775126664","Date":"Thu, 2 Apr 2026 11:44:19 +0100","From":"Daniel =?utf-8?b?UC4gQmVycmFuZ8Op?= ","To":"Thomas Huth , Paolo Bonzini ,\n qemu-devel@nongnu.org, Pierrick Bouvier ,\n \"Michael S. Tsirkin\" ,\n Richard Henderson , Philippe =?utf-8?q?Mathie?=\n\t=?utf-8?q?u-Daud=C3=A9?= , Zhao Liu ","Subject":"Re: [PATCH 10/10] docs/about/deprecated: Deprecate the\n qemu-system-i386 binary","Message-ID":"","References":"<20260402095132.29245-1-thuth@redhat.com>\n <20260402095132.29245-11-thuth@redhat.com>\n \n \n ","MIME-Version":"1.0","Content-Type":"text/plain; charset=utf-8","Content-Disposition":"inline","Content-Transfer-Encoding":"8bit","In-Reply-To":"","User-Agent":"Mutt/2.2.14 (2025-02-20)","X-Scanned-By":"MIMEDefang 3.0 on 10.30.177.12","Received-SPF":"pass client-ip=170.10.129.124;\n envelope-from=berrange@redhat.com;\n helo=us-smtp-delivery-124.mimecast.com","X-Spam_score_int":"27","X-Spam_score":"2.7","X-Spam_bar":"++","X-Spam_report":"(2.7 / 5.0 requ) BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIMWL_WL_HIGH=-0.54,\n DKIM_SIGNED=0.1, DKIM_VALID=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_AU=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_EF=-0.1,\n RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE=-0.0001, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_H4=-0.01, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_WL=-0.01,\n RCVD_IN_SBL_CSS=3.335, RCVD_IN_VALIDITY_CERTIFIED_BLOCKED=1,\n RCVD_IN_VALIDITY_RPBL_BLOCKED=1, SPF_HELO_PASS=-0.001,\n SPF_PASS=-0.001 autolearn=no autolearn_force=no","X-Spam_action":"no action","X-BeenThere":"qemu-devel@nongnu.org","X-Mailman-Version":"2.1.29","Precedence":"list","List-Id":"qemu development ","List-Unsubscribe":",\n ","List-Archive":"","List-Post":"","List-Help":"","List-Subscribe":",\n ","Reply-To":"Daniel =?utf-8?b?UC4gQmVycmFuZ8Op?= ","Errors-To":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org","Sender":"qemu-devel-bounces+incoming=patchwork.ozlabs.org@nongnu.org"}}]